Physiological Adaptations to Strength Training: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following physiological systems is NOT affected by strength and conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal

Answer

Muscular

Answer

Cardiovascular

Answer

Endocrine

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cardiovascular adaptations to endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Elevated heart rate

Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Increased capillary density

Answer

Enhanced blood flow to muscles

Question 3

What term defines a muscle's capacity to generate force swiftly?

Accepted Answer

Power

Answer

Strength

Answer

Endurance

Answer

Flexibility

Question 4

Which assessment method is commonly used to measure muscular strength?

Accepted Answer

One-repetition maximum (1RM) test

Answer

Wingate anaerobic test

Answer

VO2 max test

Answer

Lactate threshold test

Question 5

Which energy source predominantly fuels brief, high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Protein

Question 6

How do eccentric contractions contribute to muscle growth?

Accepted Answer

They induce muscle damage, stimulating growth

Answer

They increase muscle strength

Answer

They enhance muscle flexibility

Answer

They have no impact on muscle growth

Question 7

The process by which the body repairs and rebuilds damaged muscle tissue after exercise is known as:

Accepted Answer

Supercompensation

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Recovery

Answer

Adaptation

Question 8

Which of the following is a key principle of strength and conditioning programming?

Accepted Answer

Each of the above

Answer

Progressive overload

Answer

Specificity

Answer

Variation

Question 9

The ability of a muscle to exert force over a short period of time is known as:

Accepted Answer

Power

Answer

Strength

Answer

Endurance

Answer

Flexibility

Question 10

Which of the following exercises primarily targets the quadriceps muscles?

Accepted Answer

Leg press

Answer

Bicep curl

Answer

Dumbbell fly

Answer

Crunches

Question 11

Define muscle memory and explain its significance for athletes who resume training after a period of detraining.

Accepted Answer

Muscle memory refers to the rapid recovery of muscle strength and size after inactivity, aided by preserved neural adaptations and muscle nuclei.

Answer

Muscle memory is solely attributed to increased muscle fiber size.

Answer

Muscle memory has no relevance for athletes returning to training.

Answer

Muscle memory is only applicable to highly trained, elite athletes.

Question 12

Which type of muscle fiber is primarily associated with slow, sustained movements?

Accepted Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type IIx

Answer

Type III

Question 13

Which assessment tool is commonly used to test muscular strength in strength and conditioning?

Accepted Answer

One-repetition maximum test

Answer

Vertical jump test

Answer

Wingate anaerobic test

Answer

Cooper 12-minute run

Question 14

Which hormone is primarily responsible for promoting muscle growth and repair after strength training?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 15

Which two neural adaptations occur as a result of strength training, leading to increased strength development?

Accepted Answer

Increased recruitment of muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Enhanced synchronization of motor units

Answer

Increased size of motor neurons

Answer

Increased blood flow to the muscles

Question 16

How does muscle memory facilitate an athlete's recovery from a period of reduced training?

Accepted Answer

Muscle memory aids athletes in regaining muscle mass and strength more rapidly after detraining.

Answer

Muscle memory ensures the athlete retains all muscle mass gained during training.

Answer

Muscle memory has no impact on an athlete's recovery from detraining.

Question 17

What is the primary mechanism by which strength training improves power?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced rate of force development

Answer

Increased muscle fibre recruitment

Answer

Improved muscle elasticity

Answer

Greater leverage

Question 18

What is the main purpose of eccentric muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

To lengthen muscles and increase range of motion

Answer

To build muscle strength and power

Answer

To improve flexibility and coordination

Answer

To reduce muscle soreness

Question 19

Which of the following adaptations **is** directly related to increased muscle hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

Increased myofibril size

Answer

Reduced protein synthesis

Answer

Diminished satellite cell activity

Answer

Decreased mitochondrial density

Question 20

A sprinter training for a 100-meter race focuses on developing explosive power. Which endocrine hormone plays a crucial role in this adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Prolactin

Question 21

A long-distance runner experiences a decrease in resting heart rate after several months of training. This adaptation is primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Reduced cardiac output

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Decreased heart rate variability

Question 22

An athlete experiences delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) after a heavy weightlifting session. This soreness is primarily caused by:

Accepted Answer

Microscopic muscle tears

Answer

Muscle fatigue from depletion of phosphocreatine stores

Answer

Excessive lactic acid buildup

Answer

Inflammation of the ligaments

Question 23

A strength and conditioning program designed to improve muscular endurance should prioritize which training variable?

Accepted Answer

Repetition range

Answer

Load intensity

Answer

Rest periods between sets

Answer

Exercise order

Question 24

The 'supercompensation' phenomenon describes the principle that:

Accepted Answer

Optimal performance is achieved after a period of recovery following a challenging training stimulus.

Answer

Training should be varied regularly to maintain motivation.

Answer

Training volume should be progressively decreased to avoid overtraining.

Question 25

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of 'hyperplasia' in relation to muscle growth?

Accepted Answer

An increase in the number of muscle fibers

Answer

An increase in the storage capacity of glycogen in muscle fibers

Answer

An increase in the size of muscle fibers

Answer

An increase in the density of mitochondria within muscle fibers