Media and Power: Influence and Impact on Society

Question 1

How does social media framing impact political discussions?

Accepted Answer

By emphasizing certain aspects of political issues, shaping public perceptions.

Answer

By offering a direct platform for politicians and voters to connect.

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By controlling the flow of political information.

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By making traditional media outlets obsolete.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of media concentration?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced media transparency

Answer

Reduced diversity of news and information

Answer

Increased political bias in media content

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Greater control over public discourse by a few powerful entities

Question 3

The concept of 'agenda-setting' refers to the idea that:

Accepted Answer

Media can influence the significant issues that the public pays attention to

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Media can determine how the public should think about an issue

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Media can manipulate public opinion to support specific viewpoints

Answer

Media can predict the exact outcomes of political campaigns

Question 4

In media, the concept of 'framing' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The specific angle or perspective from which a story is presented

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The visual or auditory techniques used to convey information

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The underlying political or social message conveyed by a media message

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The specific target audience that a media message is intended for

Question 5

The concept of 'media literacy' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The ability to decode, analyze, and critically evaluate media messages

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The understanding of the role and functions of media in society

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The ability to create and produce media content effectively

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The ability to evaluate the credibility of various media sources

Question 6

The concept of 'cultural hegemony' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Dominance of one culture or worldview over others in a society

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The process by which cultures are blended and integrated harmoniously

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The role of media in promoting cultural diversity and pluralism

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The suppression of minority cultures and their perspectives

Question 7

The way news is presented to the public, influencing its interpretation, is termed:

Accepted Answer

News framing

Answer

Agenda-setting

Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Gatekeeping

Question 8

The process by which media entities select and determine which stories to publish is known as:

Accepted Answer

Gatekeeping

Answer

Agenda-setting

Answer

News framing

Answer

Objectivity

Question 9

The theory suggesting media's ability to influence how people perceive reality is:

Accepted Answer

Cultivation

Answer

Agenda-setting

Answer

Framing

Answer

Representation

Question 10

The ethical principle requiring journalists to present contrasting viewpoints in their reporting is:

Accepted Answer

Balance

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Objectivity

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Fairness

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Impartiality

Question 11

Examine the ethical concerns associated with media ownership concentration, considering its potential implications for media freedom and democratic values.

Accepted Answer

It raises concerns about media monopolies, censorship, and the silencing of critical voices.

Answer

It promotes media diversity and encourages a variety of viewpoints.

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It guarantees media independence and shields it from political influence.

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It may result in more efficient resource allocation and cost savings.

Question 12

How effective are media regulations and policies in achieving their goals? Consider both their strengths and limitations.

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of media regulations depends on factors like their design and enforcement.

Answer

Media regulations are always successful.

Answer

Media regulations never work.

Question 13

Which option is NOT a method by which media influences public opinion?

Accepted Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Agenda-setting

Answer

Framing

Answer

Cultivation

Question 14

The concept of 'agenda-setting' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Media's ability to influence issues people consider important

Answer

Media's ability to shape people's attitudes

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Media's ability to control information flow

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Media's ability to predict political outcomes

Question 15

Which is NOT a type of media ownership structure?

Accepted Answer

Polyopoly

Answer

Monopoly

Answer

Oligopoly

Answer

Duopoly

Question 16

The 'spiral of silence' theory suggests that:

Accepted Answer

People are less likely to express views they believe are unpopular

Answer

People are more likely to express views they believe are popular

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Media is solely responsible for shaping public opinion

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Government controls the flow of information

Question 17

The 'gatekeeper' concept in media refers to:

Accepted Answer

The individuals or organizations who control the flow of information to the public

Answer

The software and hardware used to produce and distribute media content

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The audiences who consume media content and shape its meaning

Answer

The regulations and laws that govern media production and distribution

Question 18

Which criticism of the 'media effects' model suggests that it oversimplifies the relationship between media and its audience?

Accepted Answer

It ignores the role of other factors, such as social and cultural contexts, in shaping media effects.

Answer

It assumes that audiences are passive recipients of media messages.

Answer

It fails to account for individual differences in media consumption.

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It has been empirically disproven through extensive research.

Question 19

Media literacy refers to:

Accepted Answer

The ability to critically analyze and evaluate media messages, their sources, and their potential impact.

Answer

The ability to create and produce media content effectively.

Answer

The ability to access and utilize various media platforms and technologies.

Answer

The ability to understand and adhere to ethical guidelines in media consumption and production.

Question 20

In the rapidly evolving digital media landscape, what ethical challenges and responsibilities do media professionals face?

Accepted Answer

Media professionals must prioritize ethical considerations, even when faced with employer demands.

Answer

Digital advancements have made traditional ethical principles irrelevant for media professionals.

Answer

Media professionals have no obligation to consider the societal impact of their work.

Answer

Ethical standards in digital media are purely subjective and cannot be objectively defined.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a way in which media can exert power and influence?

Accepted Answer

Subliminal messaging: Embedding hidden messages in media content that can directly influence behavior.

Answer

Agenda-setting: Highlighting certain issues and shaping public discourse.

Answer

Priming: Influencing the salience of certain attributes or issues in the minds of audiences.

Answer

Framing: Presenting information in a way that emphasizes specific perspectives or interpretations.

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of agenda-setting theory in action?

Accepted Answer

Media outlets prominently featuring climate change as a major news topic.

Answer

Media outlets providing favorable or unfavorable coverage of a political candidate.

Answer

Media outlets promoting a particular ideology or set of values.

Answer

Media outlets engaging in sensationalism and fear-mongering tactics to attract viewers.

Question 23

Media framing refers to:

Accepted Answer

The way media organizations present and contextualize information to shape audience perceptions.

Answer

The use of media to promote specific political agendas or ideologies.

Answer

The control of media content by powerful individuals or groups.

Answer

The regulation of media by government agencies to ensure fairness and accuracy.

Question 24

The concept of 'gatekeeping' in media encompasses:

Accepted Answer

The process of selecting, filtering, and shaping information for dissemination to the public.

Answer

The government's role in regulating and controlling media content.

Answer

The power of media owners to dictate what information is made available to the public.

Answer

The responsibility of journalists to report on all sides of a story objectively and fairly.

Question 25

Define the term 'spiral of silence' and provide an example of its impact on public discourse.

Accepted Answer

The tendency for individuals to remain silent on controversial issues due to fear of isolation, leading to the suppression of minority opinions.

Answer

The increasing prominence of extreme viewpoints in media coverage, amplifying the views of vocal minorities.

Answer

The role of social media in amplifying public opinion, often resulting in the silencing of dissenting voices.

Answer

The influence of media on political campaigns, whereby media exposure can significantly impact election outcomes.

Question 26

Which theory of media power emphasizes the ability of media to shape public opinion by creating and reinforcing social norms and values?

Accepted Answer

Cultivation Theory

Answer

Agenda-setting Theory

Answer

Framing Theory

Answer

Gatekeeping Theory

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a method by which the media can exert influence?

Accepted Answer

Censorship

Answer

Agenda-setting

Answer

Priming

Answer

Framing

Question 28

What term is used to describe the media's ability to influence public opinion and political outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Media power

Answer

Media influence

Answer

Agenda control

Answer

Public manipulation

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of media framing?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing certain aspects of a story while de-emphasizing others

Answer

Setting the agenda for public debate

Answer

Controlling access to information

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Manipulating public opinion through advertising

Question 30

The regulation of media ownership and content to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a few individuals or corporations is known as:

Accepted Answer

Media regulation

Answer

Media ethics

Answer

Media censorship

Answer

Media accountability

Question 31

The use of media to promote a specific agenda or ideology is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Propaganda

Answer

Public relations

Answer

Marketing

Answer

Advocacy

Question 32

The concept that suggests media can create a shared reality for people, even if it differs from their own experiences, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cultivation theory

Answer

Agenda-setting theory

Answer

Priming theory

Answer

Framing theory

Question 33

Evaluate the multifaceted relationship between media and culture. Discuss how media both shapes and reflects cultural norms, considering their reciprocal influence.

Accepted Answer

Media and culture engage in a reciprocal relationship, both shaping and being shaped by cultural norms and values.

Answer

Media plays a passive role in shaping cultural norms, merely reflecting existing societal values.

Answer

Media has a unidirectional influence on cultural norms, solely determining societal values and behaviors.

Answer

Media and culture operate independently, with minimal interaction or mutual influence.

Question 34

Define the concept of 'agenda-setting' in the context of media influence.

Accepted Answer

The ability of the media to shape public discourse by determining which issues are deemed important and discussed.

Answer

The direct impact of media messages on individual attitudes and behaviors.

Answer

The influence of media on political campaigns and elections.

Answer

The role of media ownership in controlling the flow of information.

Question 35

Which of the following is a potential consequence of high levels of media concentration?

Accepted Answer

Reduced diversity of perspectives in media content.

Answer

Greater transparency in media ownership structures.

Answer

Improved quality of journalistic reporting.

Answer

Increased competition among media outlets.

Question 36

Explain the concept of 'gatekeeping' in the context of media production.

Accepted Answer

The process by which media organizations select and shape the news stories that are presented to the public.

Answer

The influence of external factors, such as government regulations, on media content.

Answer

The role of media consumers in determining what news stories are covered.

Question 37

Define the concept of 'media bias' and provide an example.

Accepted Answer

The tendency of the media to favor particular viewpoints or perspectives, such as presenting one political party more favorably than another.

Answer

The control of the media by government agencies or political parties.

Answer

The use of media to promote specific products or services.

Question 38

Describe how the media can be used as a tool for political power.

Accepted Answer

By influencing public opinion, shaping political agendas, and providing a platform for political actors.

Answer

By providing a neutral and unbiased account of political events.

Answer

By promoting democratic values and encouraging political participation.

Question 39

Explain the concept of 'cultural hegemony' in relation to the media.

Accepted Answer

The dominance of a particular set of cultural values and beliefs in society, often reinforced and disseminated through the media.

Answer

The use of media to promote cultural diversity and challenge dominant ideologies.

Answer

The control of the media by cultural elites.

Question 40

Define 'media literacy' and explain its significance in the digital age.

Accepted Answer

The ability to critically evaluate and understand media messages, including their purpose, biases, and potential impact, especially important in navigating the vast and often overwhelming amount of information available online.

Answer

The ability to use media technology effectively.

Answer

The ability to create and produce media content.