Dynamics: Master Motion and Forces in Engineering Science

Question 1

Discuss the limitations of Newton's Laws of Motion. Provide specific examples where these laws do not accurately describe real-world phenomena.

Accepted Answer

At very high speeds, relativistic effects become significant.

Accepted Answer

In fluids, viscosity can influence object motion.

Accepted Answer

For irregularly shaped objects, air resistance can be unpredictable.

Answer

Newton's Laws are always accurate for all objects and speeds.

Question 2

An object is moving with a constant velocity. What can you conclude about its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

It is zero

Answer

It is constant

Answer

It is changing

Answer

It cannot be determined from the given information

Question 3

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Speed

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Question 4

Momentum is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Mass times velocity

Answer

Force times time

Answer

Acceleration times displacement

Answer

Work done by a force

Question 5

In an elastic collision between two objects, which of the following is conserved?

Accepted Answer

Both kinetic energy and momentum

Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Momentum

Answer

Neither kinetic energy nor momentum

Question 6

A car is traveling at 20 meters per second. It applies brakes that provide a constant deceleration of 5 meters per second squared. How long will it take the car to come to a stop?

Accepted Answer

4 seconds

Answer

2 seconds

Answer

6 seconds

Answer

8 seconds

Question 7

Which physical quantity has both magnitude and direction?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Speed

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Question 8

Which quantity measures an object's resistance to changes in its motion?

Accepted Answer

Inertia

Answer

Momentum

Answer

Force

Answer

Acceleration

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a law of motion established by Newton?

Accepted Answer

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer

Newton's First Law

Answer

Newton's Second Law

Answer

Newton's Third Law

Question 10

What is the SI unit for acceleration?

Accepted Answer

m/s^2

Answer

m/s

Answer

km/h

Answer

mph

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental force in nature?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Electromagnetic force

Answer

Strong nuclear force

Question 12

A car is traveling with a constant speed of 10 m/s. What is its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

0 m/s²

Answer

10 m/s²

Answer

20 m/s²

Answer

30 m/s²

Question 13

Which of the following is a unit of momentum?

Accepted Answer

Newton-seconds (N·s)

Answer

Kilograms per second (kg/s)

Answer

Meters per second (m/s)

Answer

Joules per second (J/s)

Question 14

Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

Accepted Answer

Displacement

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Force

Question 15

A force of 100 N is applied to an object for 5 seconds. What is the impulse experienced by the object?

Accepted Answer

500 N

Answer

20 N

Answer

50 N

Answer

100 N

Question 16

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 5 seconds. Calculate the car's acceleration.

Accepted Answer

4 m/s²

Answer

1 m/s²

Answer

10 m/s²

Question 17

A 5 kg object is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. Determine its momentum.

Accepted Answer

50 kg m/s

Answer

2 kg m/s

Answer

0.5 kg m/s

Question 18

A stationary object has a non-zero net force acting on it. Based on Newton's laws of motion, predict what will happen to the object.

Accepted Answer

It will start to accelerate.

Answer

It will remain stationary.

Answer

It will move in a random direction.

Answer

It will move at a constant velocity.

Question 19

Two objects with different masses collide head-on. Assuming the collision is elastic, which physical quantity is conserved during this collision?

Accepted Answer

Momentum

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Kinetic energy

Question 20

A projectile is launched horizontally from the edge of a cliff. Which statement correctly describes its motion?

Accepted Answer

It experiences constant downward acceleration due to gravity.

Answer

It only accelerates vertically.

Answer

It moves at a constant velocity.

Question 21

A car traveling at 20 m/s applies brakes and comes to a complete stop in 5 seconds. Calculate its average deceleration.

Accepted Answer

4 m/s²

Answer

0.25 m/s²

Answer

100 m/s²

Answer

1 m/s²

Question 22

A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 20 m/s in 5 seconds. Calculate the car's average acceleration.

Accepted Answer

4 m/s²

Answer

0.25 m/s²

Answer

1 m/s²

Answer

100 m/s²

Question 23

A ball is thrown vertically upwards. Describe the nature of its acceleration during its upward trajectory.

Accepted Answer

It is constant and directed downwards.

Answer

It is constant and directed upwards.

Answer

It is increasing.

Answer

It is zero.

Question 24

A 10 kg object is initially at rest. A constant force of 50 N is applied to the object for 2 seconds. Calculate the final velocity of the object.

Accepted Answer

10 m/s

Answer

50 m/s

Answer

5 m/s

Answer

25 m/s

Question 25

Two objects, one with a mass of 2 kg and the other with a mass of 5 kg, are moving with the same velocity. Which object has the higher momentum?

Accepted Answer

The 5 kg object

Answer

The 2 kg object

Answer

They have the same momentum.

Question 26

A car with a mass of 1000 kg is moving at a speed of 20 m/s. What is the car's kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

200,000 J

Answer

50,000 J

Answer

10,000 J

Answer

40,000 J

Question 27

A ball is dropped from a height of 10 meters. Assuming no air resistance, what is its potential energy just before it hits the ground?

Accepted Answer

980 J

Answer

100 J

Answer

1960 J

Answer

490 J

Question 28

A force of 10 N is applied to a 2 kg object for 3 seconds. What is the object's change in momentum?

Accepted Answer

30 kg m/s

Answer

15 kg m/s

Answer

6 kg m/s

Answer

20 kg m/s

Question 29

A 5 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides head-on with a stationary 2 kg object. After the collision, the 5 kg object moves at 5 m/s. What is the velocity of the 2 kg object after the collision?

Accepted Answer

12.5 m/s

Answer

5 m/s

Answer

2.5 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Question 30

A 10 kg object is lifted vertically upwards at a constant speed of 2 m/s. What is the power required to lift the object?

Accepted Answer

196 W

Answer

100 W

Answer

98 W

Answer

20 W

Question 31

A car is traveling at a constant speed of 20 m/s around a circular track. What is true about the car's acceleration?

Accepted Answer

It is constant in magnitude and directed towards the center of the circle.

Answer

It is constant in magnitude and directed tangentially to the circle.

Answer

It is zero.