Endocrine System Structure and Function: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which hormone regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 2

Identify the primary hormone produced by the pancreas.

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatostatin

Answer

Gastrin

Question 3

Which endocrine gland located in the neck produces hormones that regulate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 4

Identify the hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Oxytocin

Question 5

What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Answer

Produces hormones directly

Answer

Stores and releases hormones

Answer

Receives signals from the nervous system

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 7

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 8

Which gland secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 9

Which glands secrete hormones that regulate metabolism and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Thyroid glands

Answer

Pituitary glands

Answer

Gonads

Question 10

Which hormone plays a significant role in regulating calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 11

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it:

Accepted Answer

Controls the secretion of hormones by other glands

Answer

Produces hormones directly affecting target organs

Answer

Stores and releases all hormones in the body

Answer

Transmits nervous system signals to endocrine glands

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT considered a major endocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

Kidney

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 13

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 14

Which endocrine gland is known as the 'master gland' and controls the activity of other endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 15

Which hormone is essential for the growth and development of children?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels by insulin and glucagon

Answer

Regulation of body temperature by the hypothalamus

Answer

Regulation of blood pressure by the adrenal glands

Answer

Regulation of calcium levels by parathyroid hormone

Question 17

Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and prepares the body for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 18

Which disorder is characterized by excessive production of growth hormone, leading to abnormal bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 19

Which gland is responsible for producing the sex hormone testosterone in males?

Accepted Answer

Testes

Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Supporting immune response

Answer

Controlling metabolism

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Answer

Maintaining homeostasis

Question 21

Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland and is crucial for brain development, especially in children?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Insulin

Question 22

Which hormone is responsible for raising blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to release glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 23

Which gland secretes the hormone melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Pineal

Answer

Pituitary

Answer

Adrenal

Answer

Pancreas

Question 24

Which hormone is commonly referred to as the 'fight or flight' hormone due to its role in preparing the body for emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Testosterone

Question 25

Which gland produces the hormone prolactin, which stimulates the production of breast milk?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid

Answer

Adrenal

Question 26

Which hormone plays a crucial role in regulating calcium metabolism by controlling calcium levels in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Oestrogen

Question 27

Which gland secretes the hormone cortisol, which is involved in stress response and energy regulation?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal

Answer

Thyroid

Answer

Pituitary

Question 28

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the production of breast milk in lactating females?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Oestrogen

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Testosterone

Question 29

Which gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' due to its role in regulating the activity of other endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary

Answer

Adrenal

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid

Question 30

Which hormone is essential for regulating body temperature, metabolism, and growth?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 31

Which hormone is responsible for the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair and increased muscle mass?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Oestrogen

Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Thyroid hormone