Bones: Structure and Function - Anatomy and Physiology Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones?

Accepted Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Provide support and protection

Answer

Facilitate movement

Answer

Store minerals and fat

Question 2

What is the main mineral component of bones?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Magnesium

Question 3

Which of the following cells is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Answer

Osteoblasts

Answer

Osteocytes

Answer

Chondrocytes

Question 4

What is the tough, fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of bones called?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Endosteum

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Synovium

Question 5

What is the cavity within the long bones called?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Answer

Cancellous cavity

Answer

Haversian canal

Answer

Lacuna

Question 6

Which hormone is crucial for bone growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 7

Which of the following is a common bone disease characterized by decreased bone density?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Arthritis

Answer

Osteoarthritis

Answer

Gout

Question 8

How do bones protect our bodies and help us move?

Accepted Answer

Bones shield vital organs and provide anchor points for muscles.

Answer

Bones create red blood cells and store fat.

Answer

Bones control body temperature and release hormones.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones

Answer

Providing support

Answer

Protecting organs

Answer

Facilitating movement

Question 10

Which type of bone is characterized by its elongated shape, a wide diameter, and a hollow center?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Answer

Flat bone

Answer

Irregular bone

Answer

Short bone

Question 11

The hard and mineralized matrix of bone is primarily composed of:

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite crystals

Answer

Collagen fibers

Answer

Osteoblast cells

Answer

Osteocyte cells

Question 12

Which cell type is responsible for building new bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Answer

Osteocytes

Answer

Osteoclasts

Answer

Chondrocytes

Question 13

Which type of joint permits the greatest range of movement?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 14

The process of breaking down bone tissue is primarily carried out by:

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Answer

Osteoblasts

Answer

Osteocytes

Answer

Chondrocytes

Question 15

Which hormone is essential for the mineralization of bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 16

The epiphyseal plate is a region of the bone found at:

Accepted Answer

Ends of long bones, responsible for growth

Answer

Center of bones, responsible for remodeling

Answer

Surfaces of bones, responsible for lubrication

Answer

Joints, responsible for flexibility

Question 17

Which type of bone marrow is primarily found in the spaces within the shafts of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Yellow marrow

Answer

Red marrow

Answer

Gray marrow

Answer

White marrow

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption is stimulated by calcitonin.

Answer

Bone remodeling involves the removal of old bone and the formation of new bone.

Answer

Bone remodeling is stimulated by parathyroid hormone.

Answer

Bone remodeling is essential for bone growth and repair.

Question 19

Which cell type is NOT found in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocyte

Answer

Osteoblast

Answer

Osteocyte

Answer

Osteoclast

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells

Answer

Enabling movement

Answer

Protecting vital organs

Answer

Supporting the body

Question 21

Which type of bone cell is responsible for breaking down and removing old bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Answer

Osteoblast

Answer

Adipocyte

Question 22

Which of the following is a structural unit of compact bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Haversian system

Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Answer

Trabecula

Question 23

Which membrane covers and protects the outer surface of bones?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Articular cartilage

Answer

Endosteum

Answer

Synovial membrane

Question 24

Which type of joint allows for the widest range of movement, including rotation?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Gliding joint

Question 25

Which mineral is primarily responsible for the rigidity and strength of bones?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Answer

Calcium carbonate

Answer

Sodium chloride

Answer

Magnesium phosphate

Question 26

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels and stimulating bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 27

Which bone forms the chin?

Accepted Answer

Mandible

Answer

Zygomatic

Answer

Frontal

Answer

Maxilla