Ethical Theories and Frameworks in Healthcare Decision-Making: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which ethical theory focuses on fulfilling moral duties and following established rules?

Accepted Answer

Deontology

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Casuistry

Question 2

Which ethical framework prioritizes maximizing happiness and minimizing harm for the majority?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Casuistry

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of ethical codes in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Providing guidance for ethical decision-making in healthcare

Answer

Safeguarding patients from potential harm

Answer

Ensuring compliance with legal regulations

Answer

Establishing trust between healthcare providers and the public

Question 4

Describe the distinction between an ethical dilemma and an ethical issue:

Accepted Answer

An ethical dilemma involves a choice between two right actions, while an ethical issue involves a choice between right and wrong

Answer

An ethical dilemma involves a choice between two wrong actions, while an ethical issue involves a choice between right and wrong

Answer

An ethical issue involves a choice between two right actions, while an ethical dilemma involves a choice between wrong actions

Answer

There is no distinction between an ethical dilemma and an ethical issue

Question 5

Which ethical theory focuses on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing harm?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 6

Which ethical theory prioritizes maximizing happiness or minimizing suffering for the largest population?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 7

According to virtue ethics, which character trait is crucial for making ethical decisions?

Accepted Answer

Wisdom

Answer

Courage

Answer

Temperance

Question 8

Which ethical principle ensures that patients have the right to make decisions about their healthcare regardless of their age or capacity?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 9

When healthcare resources are limited and patients have competing needs, what ethical issue arises?

Accepted Answer

Resource allocation

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

End-of-life care

Question 10

When a patient declines life-saving treatment despite it being medically beneficial, which ethical principle requires healthcare providers to honor their decision?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 11

Which ethical theory emphasizes the importance of duty and obligation?

Accepted Answer

Deontology

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 12

Which ethical theory prioritizes the maximization of overall benefit for the greatest number of people?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 13

What is the fundamental principle of deontology?

Accepted Answer

The rightness of an action is determined by its conformity to universal moral rules.

Answer

The rightness of an action is determined by its consequences.

Answer

The rightness of an action is determined by the development of good character.

Question 14

Which ethical framework emphasizes the cultivation of virtues such as integrity and compassion?

Accepted Answer

Virtue-based framework

Answer

Utilitarian framework

Answer

Deontological framework

Question 15

The ethical principle of non-maleficence primarily emphasizes the importance of:

Accepted Answer

Avoiding harm

Answer

Doing good

Answer

Respecting autonomy

Answer

Promoting justice

Question 16

In healthcare decision-making, which ethical theory would support allocating scarce resources based on a patient's likelihood of recovery?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 17

The ethical principle of autonomy upholds the patient's:

Accepted Answer

Right to participate in decisions about their healthcare

Answer

Right to receive treatment without their consent

Answer

Right to be treated with dignity and respect

Answer

Right to prioritize their religious beliefs over medical advice

Question 18

The ethical challenge posed by informed consent in healthcare primarily involves:

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the patient fully understands the risks and benefits of treatment.

Answer

Obtaining the patient's signature on a consent form.

Answer

Protecting the patient from making unwise decisions.

Answer

Balancing the patient's right to make decisions with the need for timely intervention.

Question 19

Which ethical framework provides guidance specifically for end-of-life care decisions?

Accepted Answer

Healthcare ethics framework

Answer

Utilitarian framework

Answer

Deontological framework

Answer

Virtue-based framework

Question 20

The ethical duty of healthcare professionals to protect patient confidentiality primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Safeguard patient privacy and trust

Answer

Comply with legal regulations

Answer

Prevent harm to the patient or others

Answer

Maintain the accuracy of patient records

Question 21

Which ethical theory places primary importance on maximizing overall well-being and happiness?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Deontology

Question 22

Which ethical theory emphasizes the paramount importance of duty, rules, and obligations?

Accepted Answer

Deontology

Answer

Casuistry

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 23

Which ethical theory focuses on the cultivation and development of virtuous character traits?

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Natural law

Question 24

Which ethical principle emphasizes the patient's right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Question 25

Which ethical framework is specifically tailored to guide decision-making in healthcare contexts?

Accepted Answer

Beauchamp and Childress's Four Principles

Answer

The Nuremberg Code

Answer

Kant's Categorical Imperative

Question 26

In ethical decision-making for healthcare, which factor should be of utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

The best interests of the patient

Answer

Convenience of healthcare professionals

Answer

Political expediency

Answer

Cost-effectiveness

Question 27

Which ethical dilemma arises when a healthcare professional's personal beliefs conflict with their professional obligations?

Accepted Answer

Value conflict

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Patient autonomy

Answer

Informed consent

Question 28

Which ethical responsibility is paramount for healthcare practitioners?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining patient confidentiality

Answer

Making decisions based solely on personal preferences

Answer

Evading difficult ethical situations

Answer

Prioritizing their own interests

Question 29

Which ethical principle is violated when healthcare professionals provide false or misleading information to patients?

Accepted Answer

Truthfulness and honesty

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Confidentiality