Endocrine Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Muscle weakness

Question 2

Which hormone, secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, triggers contractions of the vaginal muscles during childbirth?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Prolactin

Question 3

Which diagnostic test is primarily used to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Fasting blood glucose test

Answer

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Question 4

What is the medical term for the condition that involves excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Answer

Gigantism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 5

Which glands are responsible for regulating the body's stress response and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 6

Which of the following hormones is primarily produced by the thyroid gland and is essential for metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 7

What is a key objective of hormone replacement therapy in the management of endocrine disorders?

Accepted Answer

To supplement or replace hormones that the body is unable to produce adequately

Answer

To stimulate the production of natural hormones

Question 8

Which diagnostic test is specifically used to assess the function of the adrenal glands?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal function test

Answer

Thyroid function test

Answer

Glucose tolerance test

Question 9

What is the most common cause of Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disorder affecting the adrenal glands

Answer

Excessive production of cortisol

Answer

Infection of the pituitary gland

Answer

Tumour of the thyroid gland

Question 10

Which of the following accurately describes the function of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands

Answer

Secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream

Answer

Stores hormones produced by other glands

Answer

Filters hormones from the blood

Question 11

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 12

Hypoglycemia is a condition characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Low blood sugar levels

Answer

High blood sugar levels

Answer

Excessive thyroid hormone production

Answer

Deficiency of cortisol

Question 13

Which dietary approach is generally recommended for managing type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean-style diet

Answer

Low-carb, high-fat diet

Answer

High-protein, low-carb diet

Answer

Vegan diet

Question 14

Which of the following endocrine disorders is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 15

Recognize the typical symptom associated with hypothyroidism:

Accepted Answer

Lethargy and weight gain

Answer

Rapid heart rate and anxiety

Answer

Increased metabolism and weight loss

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Question 16

Identify the most prevalent endocrine disorder globally:

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Thyroid dysfunction

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 17

Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Question 18

Identify the primary indicator of hyperthyroidism:

Accepted Answer

Weight loss and elevated metabolism

Answer

Nausea and diarrhea

Answer

Lethargy and weight gain

Answer

Slowed heart rate and fatigue

Question 19

Which of the following factors contributes to the development of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Excessive secretion of cortisol

Answer

Underactive thyroid gland

Answer

Overactive thyroid gland

Answer

Deficient cortisol secretion

Question 20

What is the recommended treatment for Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Hormone replacement therapy

Answer

Radiation therapy

Answer

Surgical intervention

Answer

Medications that stimulate hormone production

Question 21

Which hormone is responsible for growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 22

What term describes an enlarged thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Goiter

Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Cretinism

Answer

Myxedema

Question 23

Identify the hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands:

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)