Nervous System Structure and Function: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

What is the main function of the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Controls voluntary muscle movements, such as running or jumping.

Answer

Coordinates involuntary actions like breathing and heartbeat.

Answer

Processes sensory information from the external world.

Answer

Maintains a stable internal environment in the body.

Question 2

Which type of neuron carries signals away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Glial cell

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter plays a key role in transmitting pain signals?

Accepted Answer

Substance P

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 4

Which brain region is primarily responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Brainstem

Question 5

Which of the following is an effect of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Increases heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer

Promotes rest and digestion.

Answer

Decreases respiratory rate.

Answer

Relaxes smooth muscles.

Question 6

What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Connects the brain to the rest of the body, transmitting signals.

Answer

Processes sensory information from the skin.

Answer

Initiates and controls voluntary muscle movements.

Answer

Produces and releases hormones.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Control of heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer

Coordination and fine-tuning of movement.

Answer

Regulation of balance and equilibrium.

Answer

Processing and interpretation of visual information.

Question 8

Which neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by tremors, impaired balance, and muscle rigidity?

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Dementia

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter released at a synapse?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a component of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nerves

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Brainstem

Question 11

What is the primary role of neurons in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Transmit electrical signals

Answer

Receive sensory information from the environment

Answer

Control muscle contractions

Answer

Secrete hormones

Question 12

Which type of neuron transmits signals away from the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Efferent neuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Question 13

What is the purpose of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

To protect the brain from potentially harmful substances in the blood

Answer

To regulate the flow of nutrients into the brain

Answer

To transmit signals between the brain and other parts of the body

Answer

To produce hormones that control brain function

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulates involuntary bodily functions (e.g., heart rate, digestion)

Answer

Controls voluntary muscle movement

Answer

Processes incoming sensory information

Answer

Mediates conscious thought and decision-making

Question 15

What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

To connect the brain to the peripheral nervous system

Answer

To control voluntary movement

Answer

To process incoming sensory information

Answer

To produce hormones that regulate growth and metabolism

Question 16

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 17

What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Controls balance, coordination, and fine motor skills

Answer

Processes sensory information from touch, taste, and smell

Answer

Regulates body temperature and fluid balance

Answer

Produces hormones that control sleep-wake cycles

Question 18

What is the function of the myelin sheath that surrounds some neurons?

Accepted Answer

Insulates the neuron, increasing the speed of signal transmission

Answer

Protects the neuron from physical damage

Answer

Controls the release of neurotransmitters

Answer

Produces hormones that regulate neuron function

Question 19

What are the primary functions of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in complex cognitive functions

Answer

Controlling basic bodily functions

Answer

Processing sensory information

Answer

Regulating sleep-wake cycles

Question 20

Which level of the nervous system's organization encompasses all other levels?

Accepted Answer

Nervous System

Answer

Neurons

Answer

Organs (e.g., brain, spinal cord)

Answer

Tissues (e.g., nervous tissue)

Question 21

Which of the following is **not** a function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Sensory reception

Answer

Cognitive processing

Answer

Motor control

Question 22

The division of the nervous system that primarily controls voluntary movements is the:

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 23

The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the:

Accepted Answer

Neuron

Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Synapse

Question 24

Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Serotonin

Question 25

The part of the neuron that receives impulses from other neurons is the:

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Soma

Answer

Synapse

Answer

Axon

Question 26

Which of the following is a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Answer

Astrocyte

Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Answer

Neuron

Question 27

The process by which nerve impulses are transmitted across a synapse is called:

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmission

Answer

Neurogenesis

Answer

Myelination

Answer

Synaptogenesis

Question 28

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing language?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Occipital lobe

Answer

Frontal lobe

Question 29

The spinal cord is part of which division of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system