Weathering and Erosion: Interactive Quizzes and Learning Resources

Question 1

What is the process by which water seeps into cracks in rocks, freezes, expands, and breaks the rock apart?

Accepted Answer

Frost wedging

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Carbonation

Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering that occurs when rocks react with water and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Carbonation

Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Exfoliation

Question 3

What is the term for the loose material that accumulates at the base of a cliff or slope due to erosion?

Accepted Answer

Talus

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Till

Answer

Loess

Question 4

Which of the following is a type of erosional feature created by a river as it bends and curves?

Accepted Answer

Meander

Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Esker

Answer

Drumlin

Question 5

What is the primary cause of coastal erosion along the shores of the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Wave action

Answer

Wind

Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Glaciers

Question 6

What are the three main types of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Physical, chemical, and biological

Answer

Magnetic, thermal, and gravitational

Answer

Acidic, basic, and neutral

Answer

Structural, erosional, and depositional

Question 7

Which of the following agents of erosion is responsible for carving out deep, narrow valleys?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 8

What is the term for the gradual wearing away of land by the action of wind?

Accepted Answer

Deflation

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Attrition

Answer

Corrosion

Question 9

What is the term for the process by which weathered material is deposited in a new location?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Compaction

Question 10

Physical weathering breaks down rocks without changing their chemical makeup. Which of these is an example of physical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Joint formation

Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Mineral dissolving

Question 11

Which of the following is **not** a type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of physical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Water seeping into cracks and freezing

Answer

Plants growing in cracks and splitting rocks

Answer

Oxygen reacting with iron in rocks

Answer

Animals burrowing in the ground

Question 13

What is the process of rock fragments being transported by wind or water called?

Accepted Answer

Transportation

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 14

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion transports the fragments

Answer

Erosion breaks down rocks, while weathering transports the fragments

Answer

Weathering and erosion are the same process

Answer

Erosion occurs only in water, while weathering occurs only on land

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Electrical weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 16

What is the process called when rocks are broken down by plants and animals?

Accepted Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Frost shattering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Exfoliation

Question 17

Which of these agents of erosion is responsible for the formation of sand dunes?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Waves

Answer

Glaciers

Answer

Rivers

Question 18

Which of the following landforms is an example of erosion resulting from the movement of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Moraine

Answer

Tarn

Answer

Karst landscape

Answer

Canyon

Question 19

What is the appropriate term describing the movement of rock fragments carried by flowing water?

Accepted Answer

Transportation

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Attrition

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a type of mass movement?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Rockfall

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Slump

Question 21

What is the fundamental difference between weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion transports them.

Answer

Erosion breaks down rocks, while weathering transports them.

Answer

Weathering and erosion are essentially the same process.

Answer

Weathering is a chemical process, while erosion is a physical process.

Question 22

Erosion involves the:

Accepted Answer

Transport and deposition of broken-down rock

Answer

Breakage of solid rock into smaller particles

Answer

Creation of new rocks from existing ones

Answer

Alteration of rocks by chemical reactions

Question 23

Which of these agents of erosion forms sand dunes?

Accepted Answer

Strong wind

Answer

Running water

Answer

Ice movement

Answer

Ocean waves

Question 24

Which of these is NOT a type of erosion caused by water?

Accepted Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Splash erosion

Answer

Rill erosion

Answer

Gully erosion

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a type of weathering that breaks down rocks?

Accepted Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 26

What is the primary cause of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Water interacting with minerals

Answer

Temperature changes

Answer

Plant roots

Answer

Wind

Question 27

Which form of erosion is caused by the flow of water over land surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Water erosion

Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Ice erosion

Answer

Gravitational erosion

Question 28

How does vegetation primarily help reduce erosion?

Accepted Answer

It holds soil in place with its roots

Answer

It absorbs rainwater

Answer

It breaks up rocks

Answer

It creates wind barriers

Question 29

What is the key difference between weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion transports the broken-down materials

Answer

Erosion breaks down rocks, while weathering transports the broken-down materials

Answer

Weathering and erosion are the same process

Answer

Erosion occurs before weathering

Question 30

How do plants contribute to chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

They release acids from their roots that dissolve rocks.

Answer

They burrow underground, creating cracks in rocks.

Answer

They graze on plants, reducing their ability to release acids.

Answer

They provide shade for rocks, protecting them from chemical reactions.

Question 31

What type of rock is most resistant to mechanical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Limestone

Question 32

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the rate of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Surface area

Answer

Mineral composition

Question 33

What is the main agent of erosion in coastal environments?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Ice

Question 34

What is the difference between weathering and mass movement?

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rocks, while mass movement transports them.

Answer

Weathering occurs over long timescales, while mass movement occurs over short timescales.

Answer

Weathering is constructive, while mass movement is destructive.

Answer

Weathering occurs on all surfaces, while mass movement only occurs on slopes.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a type of soil creep?

Accepted Answer

Rotational slide

Answer

Granular creep

Answer

Cryoturbation

Answer

Solifluction

Question 36

What is the primary cause of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Mineral reactions

Answer

Temperature fluctuations

Answer

Water penetration

Answer

Abrasion

Question 37

Which of the following is the primary mode of material transport during fluvial erosion?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 38

In desert environments, which agent is primarily responsible for the physical weathering of rocks?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Rain

Answer

Ice

Answer

Sunlight

Question 39

Which of the following landscapes is primarily shaped by erosion caused by the flow of water?

Accepted Answer

Canyons

Answer

Sand dunes

Answer

Glaciers

Answer

Volcanoes

Question 40

What is the term that describes the process by which wind removes and carries away loose materials?

Accepted Answer

Deflation

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Corrasion

Answer

Erosion

Question 41

Which of the following is not considered a type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Astronomic weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 42

Which process involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces due to changes in temperature, such as freezing and thawing?

Accepted Answer

Frost shattering

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Carbonation

Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 43

What is the term for the process by which soil is transported from one place to another by the movement of water?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Abrasion

Question 44

Which type of rock is generally considered the most resistant to weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Limestone

Question 45

What is the name of the landform created as a result of the erosion of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Moraine

Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Delta

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic weathering

Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 47

Identify an example of chemical weathering:

Accepted Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Frost shattering

Answer

Plant root growth

Answer

Wind erosion

Question 48

How does biological weathering contribute to the development of soil?

Accepted Answer

By facilitating the decomposition of organic matter

Answer

By causing cracks in rocks

Answer

By releasing acids that dissolve minerals

Answer

By transporting soil particles

Question 49

What is the process by which weathered material is displaced from one location to another?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Subduction

Question 50

Which type of erosion occurs as a result of flowing water?

Accepted Answer

Stream erosion

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Karst erosion

Question 51

What is the primary distinction between weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Weathering involves breaking down rocks, whereas erosion involves transporting them.

Answer

Erosion involves breaking down rocks, whereas weathering involves transporting them.

Answer

Weathering is a gradual process, whereas erosion is a rapid process.

Answer

Weathering occurs on the surface, whereas erosion occurs beneath the surface.

Question 52

What is the process called when rocks break down into smaller pieces due to factors like freezing and thawing?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Sedimentation

Answer

Metamorphism

Question 53

Which agent of erosion is mainly responsible for moving sediments along riverbeds?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 54

What type of erosion causes the formation of sand dunes?

Accepted Answer

Aeolian erosion

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Fluvial erosion

Answer

Coastal erosion

Question 55

How does the steepness of a slope affect erosion?

Accepted Answer

Steeper slopes lead to higher erosion rates

Answer

Steeper slopes lead to lower erosion rates

Answer

The steepness of the slope does not affect erosion

Answer

Erosion rates are only affected by the type of soil

Question 56

In which climate zone would you most likely find very fast rates of weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Hot and humid climates

Answer

Cold and dry climates

Answer

Temperate climates with four seasons

Answer

Very cold polar climates

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of a landform created by the erosion of rocks?

Accepted Answer

Caves

Answer

Sand dunes

Answer

Mountains

Answer

Volcanoes

Question 58

What is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by the action of water, ice, and wind?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 59

What is the name of the process by which rocks are worn away by the movement of water, ice, or wind?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 60

What is the name of the process by which eroded material is deposited in a new location?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Compaction

Question 61

What is the name of the theory that explains how the Earth's surface is constantly changing through the processes of weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

The weathering and erosion cycle

Answer

Plate tectonics

Answer

The rock cycle

Answer

The hydrological cycle