Cardiovascular System: Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Exercise Impact

Question 1

Which factor **lowers** cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Greater peripheral resistance

Answer

Higher heart rate

Answer

Larger stroke volume

Answer

Increased blood volume

Question 2

What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Millimetres of mercury (mmHg)

Answer

Beats per minute

Answer

Litres per minute

Answer

Millilitres per second

Question 3

What is the purpose of a coronary angiogram?

Accepted Answer

To diagnose blockages or narrowing in the coronary arteries

Answer

To measure blood flow in the heart

Answer

To repair a damaged heart valve

Answer

To monitor heart rhythm

Question 4

What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Cardiac reserve

Question 5

Which describes a benefit of regular physical activity on the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Decreased stroke volume

Answer

Increased peripheral resistance

Question 6

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymphatics

Question 7

Which organ is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Liver

Answer

Kidney

Question 8

What is the mathematical relationship between cardiac output, stroke volume, and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output = Stroke volume x Heart rate

Answer

Cardiac output = Stroke volume + Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume = Cardiac output + Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume = Cardiac output x Heart rate

Question 9

What is the term for the force exerted by circulating blood on the inner walls of blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Question 10

Which structure in the heart initiates the electrical impulse that triggers the heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

Answer

Atrioventricular node (AV node)

Answer

Bundle of His

Answer

Purkinje fibers

Question 11

Which of the following behaviors can contribute to the development of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Maintaining a healthy weight

Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity

Answer

Reducing salt intake

Question 12

What is the process by which nutrients, waste products, and gases are exchanged between the blood and body tissues?

Accepted Answer

Capillary exchange

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Question 13

Calculate cardiac output using the correct formula.

Accepted Answer

Heart rate × Stroke volume

Answer

Stroke volume × Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate × Blood pressure

Answer

Stroke volume × Heart rate

Question 14

Which term describes the volume of blood pumped out by the heart per contraction?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 15

What is the typical resting heart rate range for a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

60-70 bpm

Answer

50-60 bpm

Answer

70-80 bpm

Answer

80-90 bpm

Question 16

Which blood vessels transport oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymphatics

Question 17

Which term measures the force exerted by blood against blood vessel walls?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Question 18

Which heart chamber receives blood from the body?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

Left atrium

Answer

Right ventricle

Answer

Left ventricle

Question 19

Which type of exercise is most beneficial for cardiovascular health?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise

Answer

Anaerobic exercise

Answer

Resistance training

Answer

Flexibility exercises

Question 20

What is the appropriate action if you experience signs of cardiovascular distress during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Stop exercising and seek immediate medical attention.

Answer

Rest and gradually resume activity if symptoms subside.

Answer

Ignore the symptoms and continue exercising.

Answer

Increase exercise intensity to challenge yourself.

Question 21

What is the term for the amount of blood pumped out of the heart per beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Question 22

What is the relationship between cardiac output and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

They are directly proportional.

Answer

They are inversely proportional.

Answer

There is no relationship between them.

Answer

The relationship depends on the individual.

Question 23

Which hormone triggers an increase in heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 24

What is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Systolic pressure is measured during the contraction phase, while diastolic pressure is measured during the relaxation phase of the heart.

Answer

Diastolic pressure is measured during the contraction phase, while systolic pressure is measured during the relaxation phase of the heart.

Answer

Systolic and diastolic pressures are measured during the same phase of the cardiac cycle.

Answer

Systolic pressure is always lower than diastolic pressure.

Question 25

Which factor that influences cardiovascular health cannot be changed?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Level of physical activity

Answer

Smoking習慣

Answer

Dietary choices

Question 26

What is the term for the volume of blood ejected from the heart with each beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a component that contributes to cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Venous return

Question 28

Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart to the body?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymph vessels

Question 29

How does regular physical activity impact blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Lowers both systolic and diastolic pressure

Answer

Increases systolic pressure only

Answer

Decreases diastolic pressure only

Answer

Raises both systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a benefit associated with cardiovascular exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increases blood pressure

Answer

Reduces the likelihood of developing heart disease

Answer

Improves the quality of sleep

Answer

Enhances mood

Question 31

What is the term for the electrical impulse that triggers a heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial node

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Atrioventricular node

Answer

Purkinje fibers

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a type of blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Platelets

Question 33

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

To carry oxygen

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To fight infection

Answer

To clot blood

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Lungs

Answer

Heart

Answer

Blood vessels

Answer

Blood

Question 35

Which of the following factors can increase stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

Increased myocardial contractility

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Decreased preload

Answer

Increased peripheral resistance

Question 36

What is the term for the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation to regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Decreased stroke volume

Answer

Increased heart chamber size

Answer

Increased capillary density

Answer

Enhanced oxygen delivery

Question 38

Which of the following factors can decrease blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Increased blood volume

Answer

Increased peripheral resistance

Question 39

Which organ is responsible for pumping blood around the body?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Liver

Answer

Brain

Question 40

What term describes the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Heart rate

Question 41

Which physiological changes contribute to increased cardiac output during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate and stroke volume

Answer

Decreased heart rate

Answer

Narrowing of blood vessels

Answer

Decreased stroke volume

Question 42

What is the primary function of red blood cells within the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Carry oxygen

Answer

Transport waste products

Answer

Produce antibodies

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Question 43

What is the term for the force exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Heart rate

Question 44

Which of the following is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Healthy diet

Answer

Low stress levels

Question 45

What is the name of the electrical signal responsible for initiating the contraction of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Action potential

Answer

Hormone

Answer

Reflex arc

Answer

Neurotransmitter

Question 46

Which symptom is commonly associated with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Higher energy levels

Answer

Improved sleep quality

Answer

Increased appetite