Nursing Care of the Child with Medical Conditions: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following conditions in children is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to repeated episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing?

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 2

In pediatric nursing, which principle is fundamental to family-centered care?

Accepted Answer

Involving the child and family in decision-making and care planning

Answer

Prioritizing the child's medical needs over their emotional well-being

Answer

Disregarding cultural and religious factors that may impact care preferences

Answer

Treating the child separately from their family, as an independent patient

Question 3

In nursing care for children with cystic fibrosis, which intervention is deemed most crucial?

Accepted Answer

Providing pancreatic enzyme supplements with meals

Answer

Administering oxygen therapy as prescribed

Answer

Observing the child for signs of infection

Answer

Promoting regular physical activity

Question 4

In a child with cystic fibrosis, which finding is a concerning sign of advanced disease?

Accepted Answer

Digital clubbing and barrel-shaped chest

Answer

Thick, yellow sputum

Answer

Wheezing and shortness of breath

Answer

Normal lung sounds

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a key sign or symptom of sepsis in children?

Accepted Answer

Normal capillary refill time (>2 seconds)

Answer

Altered mental status (lethargy, confusion, irritability)

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Pyrexia (fever) or hypothermia

Question 6

When administering an intramuscular injection to a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which nursing intervention is crucial for effective medication delivery?

Accepted Answer

Using a calm and reassuring tone, explaining the procedure, and involving the child in decision-making

Answer

Restraining the child to prevent movement and ensure accuracy

Answer

Administering the injection swiftly to minimize discomfort

Question 7

What is the primary nursing intervention for a child with acute gastroenteritis experiencing dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Oral or intravenous fluid replacement

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Anti-emetics

Answer

Bowel rest

Question 8

What is the main objective of nursing care for a child with cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Promoting optimal function and development

Answer

Preventing deformities

Answer

Providing respiratory support

Answer

Managing seizures

Question 9

What is the primary nursing responsibility in caring for a child with a tracheostomy?

Accepted Answer

Suctioning and airway management

Answer

Medication administration

Answer

Feeding

Answer

Wound care

Question 10

When assessing a child with epilepsy, which of the following is most important to document?

Accepted Answer

Duration, frequency, and characteristics of seizures

Answer

Social support

Answer

Medications

Answer

Family history of epilepsy

Question 11

What is the most common aetiology of congenital heart defects?

Accepted Answer

Unknown

Answer

Maternal infections during pregnancy

Answer

Environmental toxins

Answer

Genetic factors

Question 12

The most important assessment in monitoring a child with respiratory distress is:

Accepted Answer

Respiratory rate and effort

Answer

Skin color

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 13

The primary goal of nursing care for a child with gastroenteritis is to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain hydration and electrolyte balance

Answer

Prevent infection

Answer

Promote rest

Answer

Control pain

Question 14

A common neurological complication of meningitis in children is:

Accepted Answer

Seizures

Answer

Respiratory failure

Answer

Kidney failure

Answer

Heart failure

Question 15

The nursing intervention that is crucial for a child with cystic fibrosis is:

Accepted Answer

Chest physiotherapy and mucolytics

Answer

Nutritional support

Answer

Intravenous antibiotics

Answer

Oxygen therapy

Question 16

The medication most commonly used to treat seizures in children is:

Accepted Answer

Phenytoin

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Codeine

Answer

Ibuprofen

Question 17

The role of a nasogastric tube in the management of a child with pyloric stenosis is to provide:

Accepted Answer

Decompression and feeding

Answer

Medication administration

Answer

Suctioning

Answer

Oxygen delivery

Question 18

An assessment finding that indicates dehydration in a child is:

Accepted Answer

Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes

Answer

Increased urine output

Answer

Rapid pulse

Answer

Normal blood pressure

Question 19

What is the characteristic vomiting seen in pyloric stenosis?

Accepted Answer

Non-bilious projectile vomiting

Answer

Coffee-ground vomiting

Answer

Bilious vomiting

Answer

Diarrheic vomiting

Question 20

Which type of precautions are required for a child with chickenpox?

Accepted Answer

Airborne and contact precautions

Answer

Standard precautions

Answer

Droplet precautions

Answer

Contact precautions only

Question 21

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a child with cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Impaired physical mobility

Answer

Altered communication

Answer

Ineffective airway clearance

Answer

Risk for falls

Question 22

When positioning a child for a lumbar puncture, which of the following is the correct position?

Accepted Answer

Lateral recumbent, with the knees flexed to the chest and the chin tucked in

Answer

Supine, with the head elevated

Answer

Prone, with a pillow under the abdomen

Question 23

Which medication is commonly used to treat asthma exacerbations in children?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol (bronchodilator)

Answer

Acetaminophen (analgesic)

Answer

Amoxicillin (antibiotic)

Question 24

What is the most prevalent type of seizures in infants and toddlers?

Accepted Answer

Febrile seizures

Answer

Epileptic seizures

Answer

Hypoglycemic seizures

Question 25

Which physical sign is indicative of dehydration in a child?

Accepted Answer

Tenting of the skin when pinched

Answer

Pale skin

Answer

Increased urine output

Question 26

How often should a child with eczema be bathed?

Accepted Answer

2-3 times per week with lukewarm water and mild soap

Answer

Once a month with medicated soap

Answer

Daily with hot water and antiseptic soap

Question 27

When teaching a child with diabetes about their condition, which approach is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Actively involving the child in their own care

Answer

Providing all information at once

Answer

Using exclusively medical terminology

Question 28

Which of the following nursing interventions is NOT appropriate for a child with asthma?

Accepted Answer

Administering steroids intramuscularly

Answer

Providing oxygen therapy

Answer

Monitoring respiratory status

Answer

Encouraging deep breathing exercises

Question 29

During the initial assessment of a child with gastroenteritis, which of the following is a high priority?

Accepted Answer

Assessing for signs of dehydration

Answer

Monitoring the child's temperature

Answer

Assessing the child's nutritional status

Answer

Examining the abdomen for tenderness

Question 30

What is the primary nursing goal when caring for a child with epilepsy?

Accepted Answer

Preventing seizures or minimizing their impact

Answer

Promoting cognitive development

Answer

Enhancing social skills

Question 31

What is the primary nursing responsibility when caring for a child with cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

Managing airway secretions

Answer

Administering medications

Answer

Providing nutritional support

Answer

Monitoring growth and development

Question 32

When administering oxygen to a child with respiratory distress, it is crucial to:

Accepted Answer

Humidify the oxygen source to prevent airway dehydration.

Answer

Administer oxygen via a nasal cannula, regardless of the child's age or condition.

Answer

Provide oxygen at a high flow rate, even if it causes discomfort.

Answer

Monitor oxygen saturation levels once an hour, as excessive monitoring can increase anxiety.

Question 33

In a child with acute gastroenteritis experiencing dehydration, the appropriate intervention is to:

Accepted Answer

Administer oral rehydration solution (ORS) to replenish fluids and electrolytes.

Answer

Provide intravenous fluids only if the child is unable to tolerate oral intake.

Answer

Withhold all fluids, including ORS, until the diarrhea subsides.

Answer

Restrict the child's physical activity to minimize energy expenditure.

Question 34

A common manifestation of hypoglycemia in children is:

Accepted Answer

Irritability, as the brain is not receiving sufficient glucose.

Answer

Nausea, which is more commonly seen in children with gastroenteritis.

Answer

Blurred vision, which is not typically a symptom of hypoglycemia in children.

Answer

Headache, which is typically associated with dehydration or caffeine withdrawal.

Question 35

When assessing a child experiencing a seizure, the nurse's primary concern should be:

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the child's safety by preventing injury and maintaining airway patency.

Answer

Administering anticonvulsant medication, as this is the first-line treatment for seizures.

Answer

Calling the doctor immediately, as medical intervention may be necessary.

Answer

Recording the seizure activity in detail, including its duration and characteristics.

Question 36

A contraindication for administering a suppository to a child is:

Accepted Answer

Diarrhea, as the suppository may not be retained and could worsen the diarrhea.

Answer

Constipation, as a suppository can help soften the stool and promote bowel movements.

Answer

Nausea, as this may cause the child to vomit and expel the suppository.

Answer

Fever, as this may increase the child's metabolic rate and absorption of the medication.

Question 37

An important nursing intervention for a child with a tracheostomy is:

Accepted Answer

Suctioning the tracheostomy tube regularly to remove secretions and maintain airway patency.

Answer

Feeding the child through the tracheostomy tube, as this is the safest method for children with tracheostomies.

Answer

Monitoring the child's oxygen saturation levels once a day, as frequent monitoring is unnecessary.

Answer

Changing the tracheostomy tube every 8 hours, as this is the standard protocol.

Question 38

The priority nursing intervention for a child with sickle cell disease experiencing a pain crisis is:

Accepted Answer

Providing pain medication to alleviate discomfort and improve the child's well-being.

Answer

Educating the child about the disease, as this is important for self-management in the long term.

Answer

Monitoring vital signs every 15 minutes, as this is essential for assessing the child's condition.

Answer

Encouraging increased fluid intake, as this is essential for preventing dehydration.

Question 39

A characteristic of atopic dermatitis in children is:

Accepted Answer

Dry, itchy skin, often accompanied by redness and inflammation.

Answer

Blistering skin that can rupture and become infected.

Answer

Painful skin lesions that may ooze or crust.

Question 40

Which of the following is the most common respiratory condition in children?

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

Bronchitis

Answer

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 41

Which of the following is a classic symptom triad of meningitis in children?

Accepted Answer

Fever, headache, and stiff neck

Answer

Skin rash, fever, and vomiting

Answer

Cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing

Answer

Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and lethargy

Question 42

What is the primary goal of nursing care for a child with a gastrointestinal condition?

Accepted Answer

Maintain nutritional status and prevent complications

Answer

Control pain

Answer

Prevent infection

Answer

Promote sleep

Question 43

Which of the following is a key nursing intervention for a child with meningitis?

Accepted Answer

Administering antibiotics as prescribed

Answer

Performing endotracheal suctioning

Answer

Providing wound care

Answer

Giving anticonvulsants

Question 44

What is the priority nursing assessment for a child experiencing a seizure?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining airway patency and protecting the child from injury

Answer

Assessing level of consciousness

Answer

Monitoring vital signs

Answer

Checking blood glucose levels

Question 45

Which of the following is a potential complication of a respiratory condition in children?

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Kidney failure

Answer

Stroke

Question 46

What is the primary nursing intervention for a child experiencing dehydration due to acute gastroenteritis?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous or oral rehydration therapy, depending on the severity of dehydration.

Answer

Nasogastric tube insertion (only if oral rehydration is not possible)

Answer

Antibiotic administration (unless a bacterial infection is confirmed)

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 47

Which of the following is a potential sign of infection in a child?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

Answer

Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Answer

Hypotension (low blood pressure)

Answer

Hypertension (high blood pressure) - less common in infection

Question 48

A child with celiac disease is admitted for dehydration. Which food item should the nurse remove from the child's meal tray to avoid triggering their condition?

Accepted Answer

Wheat bread.

Answer

Chicken breast.

Answer

Rice noodles.

Answer

Potato wedges.

Question 49

A child with asthma is experiencing an acute exacerbation. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering first to alleviate symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol (a short-acting bronchodilator).

Answer

Fluticasone (an inhaled corticosteroid).

Answer

Theophylline (a long-acting bronchodilator).

Answer

Montelukast (a leukotriene modifier).

Question 50

A child with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which symptom would the nurse most likely observe?

Accepted Answer

Increased thirst (polydipsia).

Answer

Muscle cramps.

Answer

Hypothermia (low body temperature).

Answer

Bradycardia (slow heart rate).

Question 51

A child with a heart defect is receiving digoxin. Which nursing action is crucial before administering this medication?

Accepted Answer

Checking the child's apical pulse for one full minute to assess heart rate and rhythm.

Answer

Assessing the child's respiratory rate.

Answer

Monitoring blood glucose levels.

Question 52

A child with autism spectrum disorder is admitted to the hospital. Which approach should the nurse prioritize in caring for this child?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a structured routine and predictable environment to minimize sensory overload and anxiety.

Answer

Using a variety of toys and activities to stimulate the child (may be overwhelming for the child with sensory sensitivities).

Answer

Encouraging social interaction with other children (may be overwhelming for the child).

Question 53

A child with chronic kidney disease is admitted for a hemodialysis treatment. Which nursing action is essential during the procedure?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring for signs of hypotension (low blood pressure) and fluid overload, which are common complications of hemodialysis.

Answer

Administering intravenous antibiotics (unless a specific infection is present).

Answer

Encouraging the child to eat a high-protein diet (not typically recommended during hemodialysis).