Franco Dictatorship Opposition: Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which group actively opposed Franco's dictatorship primarily within Spain?

Accepted Answer

The Basque Nationalist Party (PNV)

Answer

The United Nations

Answer

The Soviet Union

Answer

The United States

Question 2

Internal opposition to the Franco Dictatorship mainly took the form of:

Accepted Answer

Underground resistance by political parties, unions, and student movements

Answer

Peaceful public demonstrations

Answer

International military intervention

Question 3

Which Spanish Communist Party (PCE)-led resistance group fought against the Franco regime through guerrilla warfare?

Accepted Answer

Maquis

Answer

Grupos de Acción Revolucionaria Ibérica (GARI)

Answer

Movimiento Ibérico de Liberación (MIL)

Question 4

Which international organization played a crucial role in condemning the human rights abuses and authoritarian nature of the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

United Nations

Answer

Organization of American States (OAS)

Answer

European Union (EU)

Answer

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Question 5

Identify the key event that significantly weakened the Franco regime and hastened its decline:

Accepted Answer

Assassination of Prime Minister Luis Carrero Blanco in 1973

Answer

Emergence of the Basque separatist movement

Answer

Referendum on Catalan independence

Answer

Outbreak of the Spanish Sahara War

Question 6

Who assumed the role of head of state after Francisco Franco's death in 1975?

Accepted Answer

King Juan Carlos I

Answer

Santiago Carrillo

Answer

Manuel Fraga Iribarne

Answer

Adolfo Suarez

Question 7

Which factor contributed significantly to the eventual downfall of the Franco Dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Economic modernization, urbanization, and the emergence of a middle class demanding political liberalization

Answer

Referendum on the monarchy

Answer

Successful armed uprising by opposition groups

Answer

Military defeat in international conflicts

Question 8

Which law played a pivotal role in the transition to democracy in Spain?

Accepted Answer

Ley para la Reforma Política (1976), legalizing political parties and establishing democratic elections

Answer

Law abolishing the monarchy and establishing a republic

Answer

Amnesty law, pardoning political prisoners and ex-Franco officials

Question 9

Who led the Unión de Centro Democrático (UCD), a major political party during the Spanish transition to democracy?

Accepted Answer

Adolfo Suarez

Answer

Santiago Carrillo

Answer

Felipe González

Answer

Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo

Question 10

Which event posed a major challenge to the stability of democracy in Spain during the transition period?

Accepted Answer

Attempted military coup d'état in 1981

Answer

Basque terrorist attacks by ETA

Answer

Economic crisis in the early 1980s

Answer

Catalan separatist movement

Question 11

What was a key feature of the Spanish Constitution of 1978?

Accepted Answer

Established a constitutional monarchy, fundamental rights and freedoms, and devolved power to autonomous regions

Answer

Abolished the death penalty and granted amnesty to political prisoners

Question 12

Which of the following was a major form of armed resistance against the Franco dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Guerrilla warfare

Answer

Passive resistance

Answer

Political campaigning

Answer

Trade union strikes

Question 13

What was the primary objective of the Spanish Communist Party (PCE) during the Franco era?

Accepted Answer

To overthrow the dictatorship and establish a communist state

Answer

To negotiate a peaceful transition to democracy

Answer

To support regional autonomy movements

Question 14

Which of the following was a significant factor in the collapse of the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

Economic stagnation and social unrest

Answer

Assassination of a key opposition figure

Answer

Military defeat in a foreign war

Question 15

Which Basque separatist organization fought against Franco's forces?

Accepted Answer

ETA

Answer

UDAE

Answer

IRAK

Answer

GRAPO

Question 16

Which event is considered the turning point in Franco's decline from power?

Accepted Answer

Assassination of Admiral Carrero Blanco

Answer

Establishment of the Cortes

Answer

Death of General Franco

Answer

Referendum on the monarchy

Question 17

What was the Pact of Formentor's significance in the opposition to Franco?

Accepted Answer

It unified various opposition groups

Answer

It led to the establishment of the Second Republic

Answer

It secured international recognition for Franco's regime

Answer

It ended the Basque separatist movement

Question 18

Which of the following was NOT a method of censorship employed by the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

Freedom of the press

Answer

Imprisonment of journalists

Answer

Control over radio and television

Answer

Book banning

Question 19

What was the primary function of the Cortes during Franco's rule?

Accepted Answer

To endorse Franco's decisions without debate

Answer

To provide a platform for open political discourse

Answer

To represent the interests of opposition groups

Answer

To enact legislation independent of Franco's approval

Question 20

Which factor contributed to the growth of internal opposition against Franco's dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Economic hardship and social inequality

Answer

Successful military campaigns

Answer

Positive international image

Answer

Support from neighboring countries

Question 21

Which Basque separatist organization carried out the assassination of Admiral Carrero Blanco, a key figure in the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

ETA

Answer

GRAPO

Answer

FRAP

Answer

PCE

Question 22

What was the name of the agreement signed in 1953 between the Franco regime and the United States, which allowed the latter to establish military bases in Spain?

Accepted Answer

Pacts of Madrid

Answer

Concordat of Rome

Answer

Agreements of Lisbon

Answer

Treaties of Seville

Question 23

Which form of opposition to the Franco dictatorship involved non-violent actions such as public gatherings and protests?

Accepted Answer

Peaceful demonstrations

Answer

Armed resistance

Answer

Strikes and boycotts

Answer

Clandestine political organizations

Question 24

What was a significant impact of the student protests that erupted in Spain in 1968?

Accepted Answer

They marked the beginning of widespread and organized opposition to the dictatorship.

Answer

They were primarily supported by Spain's rural population.

Answer

They directly led to the overthrow of Franco's regime.

Question 25

Which political party advocated for the establishment of a socialist republic in Spain?

Accepted Answer

Spanish Communist Party (PCE)

Answer

Restoration of the monarchy

Answer

Liberalization of the economy

Answer

Independence for Catalonia

Question 26

Which of the following was NOT a negative consequence of the Franco regime's repressive policies?

Accepted Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Social polarization

Answer

Emigration and exile

Answer

Political instability

Question 27

What was the general stance of the Catholic Church in relation to the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

Supported the regime and disseminated its ideology

Answer

Actively resisted the regime and aided opposition groups

Answer

Strongly opposed the regime and advocated for democracy

Answer

Remained neutral and refrained from political involvement

Question 28

Which characteristic best describes Franco's economic policies?

Accepted Answer

State intervention and protectionism

Answer

Monetary expansion and inflation

Answer

Free market principles and privatization

Answer

Keynesian demand-side economics

Question 29

What was the significance of the assassination of Admiral Carrero Blanco in 1973?

Accepted Answer

Weakened Franco's regime and paved the way for its eventual collapse

Answer

Led to a military coup against Franco

Answer

Triggered a civil war in Spain

Question 30

Which international organization was influential in criticizing the Franco regime and advocating for its isolation?

Accepted Answer

United Nations

Answer

Organization of American States

Answer

European Union

Answer

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 31

Which specific event is widely regarded as a turning point in the weakening of the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

Assassination of Carrero Blanco

Answer

Labor strikes in the Basque Country

Answer

Declaration of a state of emergency

Answer

Student protests in Barcelona

Question 32

What was the primary goal of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) in opposing the Franco dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Advocacy for regional autonomy and cultural preservation

Answer

Support for a communist revolution

Answer

Collaboration with the Nazis during World War II

Question 33

Identify the main objective of the clandestine Communist Party of Spain (PCE).

Accepted Answer

Establishment of a socialist republic

Answer

Restoration of the monarchy

Answer

Creation of a federalist state

Answer

Promotion of a democratic transition

Question 34

What was the primary rationale for the Franco regime's suppression of political freedoms and enforcement of strict censorship?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining control and preventing dissent

Answer

Promotion of economic growth

Answer

Protection from foreign influence

Answer

Preservation of traditional Spanish culture

Question 35

Through what means did the Spanish people express their opposition to the dictatorship during the 1960s and 1970s?

Accepted Answer

Underground publications, labor strikes, and cultural resistance

Answer

By forming a united political front against the regime

Answer

Exclusively through armed guerrilla warfare

Question 36

What was the significance of the "20th of November Movement" in facilitating the transition to democracy in Spain?

Accepted Answer

Mobilization of diverse opposition groups and demands for political reforms

Answer

Assassination of Franco

Answer

Referendum on the monarchy

Question 37

Which factor contributed significantly to the international isolation of the Franco regime?

Accepted Answer

Condemnation of human rights violations and lack of democratic freedoms

Answer

Economic sanctions by the European Community

Answer

Spain's membership in NATO

Question 38

What was the primary outcome of Franco's death in relation to Spain's political future?

Accepted Answer

Peaceful transition to democracy

Answer

Military coup and establishment of a new dictatorship

Answer

Civil war between supporters and opponents of the regime

Answer

No significant impact on Spain's political system

Question 39

Which of the following was NOT a major form of opposition to the Franco Dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Political Assassinations

Answer

Student Protests

Answer

Trade Unions

Answer

Armed Guerrillas

Question 40

What was the primary goal of the Basque separatist organization ETA?

Accepted Answer

Independence for the Basque Country

Answer

Restoration of the Republic

Answer

End to Censorship

Answer

Economic Reforms

Question 41

What was the key significance of the Pacts of Madrid (1953)?

Accepted Answer

Spain signed military agreements with the United States.

Answer

Franco abdicated in favor of his son.

Answer

The monarchy was restored.

Question 42

What was the primary reason for the United States' support for Franco's regime?

Accepted Answer

Anti-communist stance

Answer

Military superiority

Answer

Cultural similarities

Answer

Economic benefits

Question 43

On what date did General Franco pass away?

Accepted Answer

20 November 1975

Answer

1 April 1939

Answer

18 July 1936

Answer

15 June 1977

Question 44

The Basque Country and Catalonia were regions that experienced strong opposition to Franco's regime. What was a common factor contributing to this resistance?

Accepted Answer

Historically strong regional identities

Answer

Presence of exile communities

Answer

Proximity to France

Answer

High levels of industrialization

Question 45

Which of the following contributed to the weakening of Franco's regime in the later years of his rule?

Accepted Answer

Economic decline and social unrest

Answer

Strong international support

Answer

Successful guerrilla campaigns

Answer

Increased military spending

Question 46

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) played a crucial role in the transition to democracy after Franco. What was one of its key strategies?

Accepted Answer

Collaboration with other opposition groups

Answer

Armed uprising

Answer

Boycott of elections

Answer

Negotiations with Franco

Question 47

Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Franco regime's ideology?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Nationalism

Answer

Authoritarianism

Answer

Traditionalism

Question 48

How did the death of Franco in 1975 affect the future of Spain?

Accepted Answer

It led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy

Answer

It brought an end to the economic crisis

Answer

It sparked a renewed wave of political violence

Question 49

Which of the following is a característica of Franco's propaganda?

Accepted Answer

Glorification of the regime and its leader

Answer

Promotion of democratic values

Answer

Objective reporting of events

Answer

Criticism of the opposition

Question 50

What was the role of the Catholic Church in the Franco dictatorship?

Accepted Answer

Strong supporter of the regime

Answer

Neutral observer of political events

Answer

Critic of the regime's human rights abuses

Answer

Active opponent of the regime

Question 51

What were the consequences of Franco's repression of dissent?

Accepted Answer

Political prisoners, executions, and exile

Answer

Weakening of the regime

Answer

Economic sanctions

Answer

International condemnation

Question 52

How did the Franco regime maintain its power and control over Spain?

Accepted Answer

Political repression, censorship, and control of the media

Answer

Economic prosperity

Answer

International support