What is Science? - Definition, Nature, and Importance

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science?

Accepted Answer

Influenced by personal beliefs

Answer

Systematic and methodical

Answer

Based on evidence and observation

Answer

Testable and falsifiable

Question 2

Science is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Exclusive reliance on intuition

Answer

Reliance on evidence

Answer

Openness to revision

Answer

Systematic approach

Question 3

In the scientific method, the initial step involves:

Accepted Answer

Gathering observations

Answer

Formulating a hypothesis

Answer

Conducting an experiment

Answer

Drawing conclusions

Question 4

An example of a scientific theory is:

Accepted Answer

Theory of Evolution

Answer

Law of Gravity

Answer

Hooke's Law

Answer

A hypothesis that the sun is a star

Question 5

The distinction between a hypothesis and a theory lies in the level of:

Accepted Answer

Confirmation and support

Answer

Predictability and observability

Answer

Testability and falsifiability

Answer

Novelty and originality

Question 6

Peer review in science primarily serves to:

Accepted Answer

Ensure accuracy and credibility of scientific research

Answer

Suppress controversial or unconventional findings

Answer

Promote competition among scientists

Answer

Celebrate and reward scientific achievements

Question 7

Which characteristic is NOT associated with science?

Accepted Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Verifiability

Answer

Systematicity

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic that does NOT belong to science?

Accepted Answer

Relies heavily on personal beliefs and traditions

Answer

Emphasizes systematic observation and experimentation

Answer

Aims for objectivity and impartiality

Answer

Undergoes continuous revision and refinement of theories

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science?

Accepted Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Falsifiability

Answer

Reliability

Answer

Objectivity

Question 10

Which primary step of the scientific method involves creating a testable hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis formulation

Answer

Observation

Answer

Data analysis

Answer

Theory evaluation

Question 11

Which type of reasoning involves utilizing specific instances to make broader inferences about a population or phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Inductive

Answer

Deductive

Answer

Analogical

Answer

Abductive

Question 12

Who is credited with developing the concept of falsifiability in science?

Accepted Answer

Karl Popper

Answer

Immanuel Kant

Answer

Thomas Kuhn

Answer

David Hume

Question 13

Which concept acknowledges the evolving and subject-to-change nature of scientific knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Tentativeness

Answer

Precision

Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Certainty

Question 14

Which of the following best exemplifies a scientific law?

Accepted Answer

The law of universal gravitation

Answer

The model of atomic structure

Answer

The hypothesis of continental drift

Answer

The theory of evolution

Question 15

Which process entails a rigorous approach to data collection and analysis to test a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Experimentation

Answer

Observation

Answer

Simulation

Answer

Modeling

Question 16

Which concept emphasizes the incremental progression and dependence of scientific knowledge on prior discoveries?

Accepted Answer

Cumulative nature

Answer

Reliability

Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Tentativeness

Question 17

What is a primary aim of science?

Accepted Answer

Explanation

Answer

Entertainment

Answer

Persuasion

Answer

Advocacy

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science?

Accepted Answer

Relies on faith

Answer

Testable

Answer

Objective

Answer

Empirical

Question 19

The systematic process involving observation, hypothesis formation, and testing is known as:

Accepted Answer

Scientific method

Answer

Deductive reasoning

Answer

Philosophical inquiry

Answer

Inductive reasoning

Question 20

According to falsificationism, which of the following is true about scientific theories?

Accepted Answer

They can only be disproven, not definitively proven.

Answer

They should be accepted until a better one comes along.

Answer

They must be based on a priori knowledge.

Answer

They are always objective and unbiased.

Question 21

The primary aim of scientific research is to:

Accepted Answer

Develop and test theories

Answer

Provide definitive answers to every question

Answer

Simply gather and catalog facts

Answer

Establish a single, universally accepted theory

Question 22

Which of the following is a limitation of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

It cannot provide answers to all types of questions.

Answer

It is always completely reliable.

Answer

It can only lead to technological advancements.

Answer

It always provides objective knowledge.

Question 23

In scientific inquiry, induction is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Draw general conclusions from observations.

Answer

Deduce logical conclusions

Answer

Formulate theories

Answer

Test hypotheses

Question 24

A key strength of scientific knowledge lies in its:

Accepted Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Absoluteness

Question 25

What is the primary distinction between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law describes a regularity in nature, while a theory explains the underlying mechanisms.

Answer

Laws are more general than theories

Answer

Theories are more testable than laws

Question 26

Science contributes to our understanding of the natural world by:

Accepted Answer

Providing evidence-based explanations and predictions

Answer

Offering absolute certainty about all phenomena

Answer

Providing a complete and unchanging worldview

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a scientific explanation?

Accepted Answer

A mechanistic explanation

Answer

A normative explanation

Answer

An aesthetic explanation

Answer

A teleological explanation