Theories of Welfare: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Sociology Students

Question 1

Which of these principles is NOT a core belief of liberalism in welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Welfare programs should be available to everyone.

Answer

The government should protect its citizens' well-being.

Answer

Individuals should be free to pursue their own economic goals.

Answer

The state should aim for equal opportunities for all citizens.

Question 2

In liberalism, what entity holds the primary responsibility for providing welfare?

Accepted Answer

Individuals themselves

Answer

The government

Answer

The free market

Answer

All citizens, regardless of need

Question 3

How do universal and selective welfare systems differ?

Accepted Answer

Universal welfare is available to all citizens, while selective welfare is only for those in need.

Answer

Universal welfare is only for those in need, while selective welfare is available to all citizens.

Answer

Universal welfare is provided to all citizens regardless of age, while selective welfare is only for those of working age.

Answer

Universal welfare is only for those of working age, while selective welfare is provided to all citizens regardless of age.

Question 4

What is the primary objective of anti-poverty policies?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the number of individuals living in poverty

Answer

Enhancing the quality of life for individuals living in poverty

Answer

Eliminating poverty altogether

Answer

Punishing individuals living in poverty

Question 5

How do social security and social assistance differ?

Accepted Answer

Social security is for those who have contributed to the system, while social assistance is for those who have not.

Answer

Social assistance is for those who have contributed to the system, while social security is for those who have not.

Answer

Social security is for those unable to work, while social assistance is for those who are able to work.

Answer

Social assistance is for those unable to work, while social security is for those who are able to work.

Question 6

What is the National Health Service's (NHS) primary purpose in the UK?

Accepted Answer

Providing free healthcare to all UK residents

Answer

Providing healthcare to those who cannot afford it

Answer

Providing healthcare to those who are sick or injured

Answer

Providing healthcare to those who are elderly or disabled

Question 7

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of liberalism regarding welfare?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on individual freedom

Answer

Advocacy for a comprehensive welfare system

Answer

Support for government intervention to address economic disparities

Answer

Belief in the significance of social equity and unity

Question 8

Which principle is a core belief of liberalism in welfare provision?

Accepted Answer

The government should provide essential welfare services available to everyone.

Answer

Welfare should be solely provided by private charities.

Answer

The state should control all welfare distribution.

Answer

Welfare should only be given to those who meet specific requirements.

Question 9

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of liberalism in relation to welfare provision?

Accepted Answer

The state has a responsibility to provide a safety net for those who are vulnerable and unable to support themselves.

Answer

The state should extensively intervene in the economy to ensure equality of outcomes.

Answer

Individuals should bear the sole responsibility for their own well-being, with minimal state intervention.

Question 10

According to conservative welfare theory, a primary cause of poverty is:

Accepted Answer

Individual moral failings and lack of personal responsibility.

Answer

Structural inequalities and systemic barriers in society.

Answer

Natural disasters and unforeseen circumstances.

Answer

Insufficient government spending on social programs.

Question 11

The 'Beveridge Report' (1942) is widely recognized as a significant text in the development of which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Socialism

Question 12

Which of the following policies is an example of residual welfare provision?

Accepted Answer

Benefits that are only available to individuals who meet specific eligibility criteria, such as low income or disability.

Answer

Minimum wage legislation that sets a legal floor for wages paid to workers.

Answer

Healthcare services that are available to all citizens, regardless of their income or background.

Answer

Social insurance schemes that provide benefits to workers who contribute through payroll taxes.

Question 13

The 'feminist critique' of welfare theory argues that:

Accepted Answer

Welfare systems often perpetuate gender inequality by reinforcing traditional gender roles and failing to address the specific needs of women.

Answer

Welfare systems are inherently paternalistic and disempower individuals.

Answer

Welfare provision should be based solely on income, regardless of other factors.

Question 14

The concept of 'social investment' in welfare refers to:

Accepted Answer

Investing in preventive measures, early intervention services, and education to reduce welfare dependency and improve long-term life outcomes.

Answer

Investing in social infrastructure, such as housing and transportation.

Answer

Investing in social programs to stimulate economic growth.

Question 15

Which of the following factors has been a major influence in the rise of neoliberalism in welfare policy?

Accepted Answer

Globalization and the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy.

Answer

Technological advancements and automation.

Answer

Environmental concerns and the need for sustainable development.

Answer

Demographic changes and population aging.

Question 16

The 'workfare' approach to welfare:

Accepted Answer

Requires welfare recipients to participate in work-related activities, such as job training or community service, as a condition of receiving benefits.

Answer

Provides cash benefits to individuals without any work requirements.

Question 17

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of liberalism in its approach to welfare?

Accepted Answer

Individual responsibility and limited state intervention

Answer

Government provision of all essential services

Answer

Priority to collective interests

Answer

Universal entitlement to welfare

Question 18

Who is widely recognized for developing the concept of the 'welfare state'?

Accepted Answer

T.H. Marshall

Answer

John Rawls

Answer

Friedrich Hayek

Answer

Karl Marx

Question 19

According to Marxist theory, what is the root cause of poverty and inequality in society?

Accepted Answer

Capitalist exploitation and the unequal distribution of wealth

Answer

Inadequate education and job opportunities

Answer

State intervention and excessive welfare provision

Answer

Personal irresponsibility and lack of effort

Question 20

What is the central aim of the 'new right' approach to welfare?

Accepted Answer

Reducing the role of the state in providing welfare services

Answer

Raising taxes to fund increased social spending

Answer

Addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality

Answer

Expanding the scope of state-funded welfare programs

Question 21

What is a key distinction between 'social insurance' and 'social assistance' welfare programs?

Accepted Answer

Social insurance is funded through contributions from workers and employers, while social assistance is funded through general taxation

Answer

Social insurance provides higher benefits than social assistance

Answer

Social insurance is conditional on meeting specific criteria, while social assistance is not

Question 22

What is a potential advantage of using qualitative research methods to study the experiences of welfare recipients?

Accepted Answer

It allows researchers to gain a deeper understanding of individual perspectives and experiences

Answer

It is the most cost-effective research method

Answer

It can provide statistically generalizable results

Question 23

A welfare system that provides comprehensive benefits to all citizens, regardless of their income or circumstances, aligns with which theoretical perspective?

Accepted Answer

Universalism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Social democracy

Answer

Liberalism

Question 24

The principle that welfare benefits should be limited to those who are unable to work or support themselves is a central tenet of:

Accepted Answer

Residualism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Universalism

Answer

Social liberalism

Question 25

Which theory of welfare advocates for a fundamental restructuring of society to eliminate economic inequality and exploitation?

Accepted Answer

Marxism

Answer

Postmodernism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 26

Basic income, a regular cash payment given to all citizens regardless of their employment status, is a policy associated with which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Universalism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 27

Which theory of welfare emphasizes the promotion of social justice, equality, and the role of the state in reducing social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Socialism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Feminist theory

Answer

Marxism

Question 28

The idea that poverty is primarily caused by individual shortcomings and a lack of personal responsibility is a central theme of:

Accepted Answer

New Right

Answer

Social democracy

Answer

Neo-Marxism

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 29

Which theory of welfare underscores the need for an active welfare state to protect citizens from the risks and uncertainties of life?

Accepted Answer

Keynesianism

Answer

Feminist theory

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Liberalism

Question 30

According to which welfare theory is the primary responsibility of welfare provision placed on individuals, with limited government intervention?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Communitarianism

Answer

Socialism

Question 31

Which welfare theory advocates for the state to play a central role in providing comprehensive welfare services?

Accepted Answer

Socialism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Feminism

Answer

Conservatism

Question 32

Which welfare theory prioritizes traditional values, such as family and social order, and advocates for a limited role of the state?

Accepted Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Libertarianism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Socialism

Question 33

The idea that welfare benefits should be conditional on certain behaviors or actions falls under which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Conservative Welfare Theory

Answer

Socialist Welfare Theory

Answer

Marxist Welfare Theory

Answer

Liberal Welfare Theory

Question 34

The 'Beveridge Report' was a pivotal document in the development of welfare policy in which country?

Accepted Answer

United Kingdom

Answer

Germany

Answer

France

Answer

United States

Question 35

Which principle is NOT fundamental to liberalism in relation to welfare?

Accepted Answer

The state should assume primary responsibility for providing welfare

Answer

Individuals should bear primary responsibility for their well-being

Answer

Welfare programs should be targeted to those who genuinely need assistance

Question 36

Which theory of welfare emphasizes the significance of collective provision and social solidarity?

Accepted Answer

Socialism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Question 37

Which welfare theory places a strong emphasis on traditional values, family, and community?

Accepted Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Socialism

Question 38

Which welfare theory emphasizes providing welfare based on need rather than merit?

Accepted Answer

Universalism

Answer

Selectivity

Answer

Means-testing

Answer

Equity

Question 39

Which theory of welfare highlights the importance of social investment and human capital development?

Accepted Answer

Human capital theory

Answer

Social rights theory

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Social capital theory

Question 40

Which feature is a key aspect of the Beveridge Report (1942)?

Accepted Answer

It proposed a comprehensive system of social security benefits

Answer

It emphasized the role of voluntary organizations in welfare provision

Answer

It advocated for a privatized welfare system

Question 41

Which contemporary welfare theory emphasizes empowering welfare recipients and encouraging their participation?

Accepted Answer

Social empowerment theory

Answer

Social rights theory

Answer

Human capital theory

Answer

Neo-conservatism

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of a conservative approach to welfare?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on social equality and redistribution of wealth

Answer

Strong belief in individual responsibility and self-reliance

Answer

Preference for traditional family structures

Answer

Focus on maintaining social order and traditional values

Question 43

The concept of 'universal benefits', where everyone in society is eligible for certain social programs, is most closely associated with which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Social Democracy

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Question 44

Which statement best describes the historical development of welfare theories?

Accepted Answer

Welfare theories have evolved over time, influenced by changing social and economic conditions.

Answer

Socialism is the only welfare theory that has remained consistently relevant throughout history.

Answer

Welfare theories have remained largely unchanged since their inception.

Answer

Welfare theories are static and do not adapt to changing societal needs.

Question 45

The idea that welfare should focus on empowering individuals to become self-sufficient is central to which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Socialism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Social Democratic

Question 46

A policy aimed at providing subsidized childcare for working parents would likely be most consistent with which welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Social Democracy

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Liberalism

Question 47

Which welfare theory prioritizes collective responsibility and the creation of a more equitable society through social programs?

Accepted Answer

Socialism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Question 48

A welfare policy that emphasizes workfare, requiring individuals to participate in employment programs in exchange for benefits, aligns most closely with which theoretical perspective?

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Socialism

Answer

Social Democracy

Answer

Liberalism

Question 49

Which welfare theory advocates for the provision of basic welfare support by the state?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Socialism

Question 50

According to conservative welfare theory, which entity is primarily responsible for providing welfare support?

Accepted Answer

Families and individuals

Answer

Non-profit organizations

Answer

Corporations

Answer

The government

Question 51

Which welfare theory supports public ownership and democratic control of the means of production?

Accepted Answer

Socialism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Conservatism

Answer

Neo-liberalism

Question 52

Which characteristic is distinctive to neo-liberal welfare theory?

Accepted Answer

Limited government intervention in welfare provision

Answer

Increased government spending on welfare

Answer

Emphasis on social solidarity

Question 53

What term describes a welfare state where the government offers a comprehensive range of welfare services to all citizens?

Accepted Answer

Universalist

Answer

Selective

Answer

Residualist

Answer

Occupational

Question 54

Define the term 'social citizenship'.

Accepted Answer

Rights and obligations associated with being a member of society

Answer

The right to vote and participate in political processes

Answer

The obligation to work and contribute to society

Question 55

What term refers to the shift of welfare responsibilities from government to private entities?

Accepted Answer

Privatization

Answer

Nationalization

Answer

Devolution