Social Determinants of Health: Impact on Health Outcomes

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a social factor that influences health?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Income and wealth

Answer

Education

Answer

Social support networks

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Income

Answer

Education

Answer

Social support

Question 3

When allocating healthcare resources using Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) data, which ethical considerations are crucial?

Accepted Answer

Ethical considerations include biases, privacy, and long-term societal impacts.

Answer

SDOH data should never be used in resource allocation.

Answer

Using SDOH data without ethical considerations is morally acceptable.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT considered a core social determinant of health, as identified by the World Health Organization?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Social support

Answer

Income

Answer

Education

Question 5

How does socioeconomic status primarily impact health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

It influences access to essential resources, such as healthcare, housing, and nutritious food.

Answer

It solely affects mental health.

Answer

It has no significant direct impact on health outcomes.

Question 6

What is the fundamental role of education in promoting health?

Accepted Answer

It empowers individuals with knowledge and skills to make informed health decisions.

Answer

It directly treats health conditions.

Answer

It guarantees direct access to healthcare services.

Question 7

How does social support contribute to positive health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

It reduces stress levels, encourages healthy behaviors, and provides emotional resilience.

Answer

It exclusively determines an individual's overall physical health.

Answer

It solely benefits individuals with specific chronic illnesses.

Question 8

Which approach is considered essential in addressing health inequalities related to social determinants?

Accepted Answer

Intersectional approach

Answer

Individual responsibility model

Answer

Biomedical model

Question 9

How can public health policies effectively address the social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

By implementing measures to improve access to education, adequate housing, and equitable income distribution.

Answer

By solely concentrating on increasing healthcare expenditure.

Answer

By exclusively promoting individual lifestyle modifications.

Question 10

What is the ethical imperative for addressing the social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

It promotes social justice and reduces health disparities.

Answer

It enhances the quality of life for all citizens.

Answer

It ensures economic productivity.

Question 11

How does research contribute to advancing our understanding of the social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

By establishing causal relationships, evaluating interventions, and informing policy decisions.

Answer

By relying solely on qualitative research methods.

Answer

By exclusively focusing on correlational studies.

Question 12

How can individuals contribute to reducing health inequalities related to social determinants?

Accepted Answer

By advocating for equitable policies, volunteering in their communities, and actively promoting health equity.

Answer

By solely changing their own lifestyles.

Answer

By blaming individuals for their poor health outcomes.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a recognized social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Cultural background

Answer

Education

Answer

Income

Question 14

Which social determinant consistently has the most significant impact on overall health?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic status

Answer

Race/ethnicity

Answer

Gender

Answer

Access to healthcare

Question 15

How do low levels of education contribute to worse health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Limited health literacy, reduced access to information and services, fewer job opportunities, and increased stress.

Answer

Poor nutrition and lack of exercise

Answer

Increased exposure to environmental hazards

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a health disparity?

Accepted Answer

Higher rates of infant mortality in marginalized neighborhoods

Answer

Increased access to healthcare for individuals with disabilities

Answer

Improved life expectancy for women compared to men

Question 17

What is a primary role of public policy in addressing social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

To create and implement policies that reduce poverty, improve education, and increase access to social support

Answer

To provide direct medical care to individuals with poor health

Answer

To regulate the healthcare industry and ensure quality of care

Question 18

Which of the following social support networks is most strongly associated with improved health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Strong family and community ties

Answer

Participation in online support groups

Answer

Membership in a religious organization

Answer

Having a large number of friends on social media

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Unchangeable over time

Answer

Influences health outcomes

Answer

Inequitable distribution across society

Answer

Can be addressed through policy interventions

Question 20

How does education impact health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Higher education levels are linked to better health literacy, healthier behaviors, and access to healthcare.

Answer

Education has minimal impact on health.

Answer

Lower education levels are always associated with poorer health.

Question 21

Which of the following is a key factor in understanding health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Unequal distribution of social determinants of health across different population groups.

Answer

Individual choices and behaviors in isolation

Answer

Access to healthcare services alone

Question 22

How does social support contribute to health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Provides emotional, physical, and informational assistance, reducing stress and promoting positive coping mechanisms.

Answer

Social support is only beneficial for mental health.

Answer

Social support has a negative impact on health outcomes.

Question 23

Which of the following policies aims to address social determinants of health and reduce health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Universal healthcare coverage that ensures equitable access to healthcare services.

Answer

Tax cuts that primarily benefit wealthy individuals, exacerbating socioeconomic inequalities.

Answer

Privatization of healthcare, leading to increased costs and barriers to access.

Answer

Increased military spending, which diverts resources away from social programs.

Question 24

What is the relationship between socioeconomic status and health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Inverse relationship, where higher socioeconomic status is generally associated with better health outcomes.

Answer

No relationship between socioeconomic status and health.

Answer

Positive relationship, where higher socioeconomic status is associated with poorer health.

Question 25

How does racism contribute to health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Creates systemic barriers in healthcare, education, employment, and housing, leading to unequal access to resources and opportunities that impact health.

Answer

Racism only affects the health of racialized populations directly.

Question 26

Which of the following is a limitation of using social determinants of health to explain health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

It can oversimplify the complex interplay of factors influencing health, such as genetics and individual behaviors.

Answer

Social determinants of health are not relevant in developed countries.

Answer

Social determinants of health only affect certain health conditions.

Question 27

How can social determinants of health be used to inform health policy and practice?

Accepted Answer

Identifying vulnerable populations and developing targeted interventions to address their specific health needs and improve health equity.

Answer

Social determinants of health are not relevant to policymakers.

Question 28

What is the ethical imperative for addressing the social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

Health inequalities are unjust and violate fundamental human rights, creating a moral obligation to address them.

Answer

Addressing social determinants of health is too expensive.

Answer

It is not the responsibility of society to ensure everyone has good health.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a major social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Social support networks

Answer

Socioeconomic status

Answer

Education level

Question 30

The 'social gradient in health' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A consistent pattern where those with lower socioeconomic positions tend to have poorer health outcomes compared to those with higher positions.

Answer

The unequal distribution of healthcare resources based on geographical location.

Answer

Differences in health outcomes due to genetic variations.

Question 31

How can education influence health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Higher education levels are often associated with greater knowledge about healthy lifestyles, better access to healthcare, and improved job opportunities.

Answer

Education mainly affects individual's income, not their health.

Answer

Education is primarily focused on academic skills and has little impact on health.

Question 32

A community with strong social cohesion is likely to experience:

Accepted Answer

Improved health outcomes due to increased social support, a sense of belonging, and collective action for health promotion.

Answer

Limited access to healthcare due to lack of resources.

Answer

Higher rates of chronic disease due to close social interactions.

Question 33

The term 'health inequalities' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Systematic and avoidable differences in health status between different population groups, often linked to social factors.

Answer

The natural variation in health status among individuals.

Answer

The lack of access to healthcare services for certain groups.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a common policy intervention aimed at reducing health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Privatizing healthcare services to increase competition and efficiency.

Answer

Promoting healthy lifestyles through education and public health initiatives.

Answer

Investing in early childhood development programs.

Answer

Addressing housing and employment conditions.

Question 35

The 'upstream' approach to addressing health inequalities focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Tackling the root causes of health inequalities, such as poverty, discrimination, and lack of access to education and employment.

Answer

Focusing on treating illnesses after they occur.

Answer

Providing individual-level interventions to improve health behaviors.

Question 36

The Whitehall study demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

Even within a relatively privileged group, like British civil servants, social status and job control have a significant impact on health outcomes.

Answer

Health outcomes are primarily influenced by individual lifestyle choices.

Answer

The impact of social determinants on health is limited compared to genetic factors.

Question 37

How can the built environment influence health?

Accepted Answer

Lack of safe and accessible green spaces in urban areas can contribute to physical inactivity and obesity, while walkable neighborhoods can promote physical activity.

Answer

The built environment primarily affects mental health, not physical health.

Answer

The built environment has no impact on health outcomes.

Question 38

Understanding the social determinants of health helps inform public health interventions by:

Accepted Answer

Targeting interventions at the root causes of health inequalities, addressing factors like poverty, education, and social support, rather than just treating symptoms.

Answer

Primarily targeting interventions at the healthcare system to improve access to services.

Answer

Focusing solely on individual-level interventions to promote healthy behaviors.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT considered a major social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Education level

Answer

Socioeconomic status

Answer

Social support networks

Question 40

The concept of the 'inverse care law' suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Health services are more readily available to those who need them least.

Answer

Health outcomes are inversely related to socioeconomic status.

Answer

The most disadvantaged groups receive the best quality healthcare.

Question 41

Which of the following best describes the 'fundamental cause theory' of health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Social factors, such as socioeconomic status, shape access to resources that promote health.

Answer

Individual lifestyle choices are the main driver of health disparities.

Answer

Health inequalities are primarily due to genetic differences.

Question 42

A study finds a strong correlation between low income and higher rates of chronic illness. This suggests:

Accepted Answer

Low income may be a risk factor for chronic illness, but further research is needed to establish causation.

Answer

Low income directly causes chronic illness.

Question 43

Which of the following is an example of how the built environment can impact health?

Accepted Answer

Lack of access to safe green spaces can contribute to higher rates of obesity.

Answer

Poor education leads to limited job opportunities.

Answer

Increased use of social media leads to social isolation.

Question 44

The 'health gradient' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A continuous relationship between socioeconomic status and health, where higher status is associated with better health.

Answer

A sharp division between the health of the wealthy and the poor.

Question 45

A community health initiative aims to improve access to fresh produce in low-income neighborhoods. This initiative addresses which social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Food security

Answer

Healthcare access

Answer

Social support networks

Answer

Education level

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of social isolation on health?

Accepted Answer

Increased physical activity levels

Answer

Weakened immune system

Answer

Higher rates of depression and anxiety

Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases

Question 47

A government policy aiming to improve access to affordable housing would be considered an intervention targeting which social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Housing conditions

Answer

Social support networks

Answer

Healthcare access

Answer

Education level

Question 48

Which of the following best reflects the concept of 'upstream' interventions in addressing health inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Addressing the root causes of health disparities through social and economic changes.

Answer

Focusing solely on improving access to healthcare services.

Answer

Providing individual-level lifestyle advice.

Question 49

Which of the following best describes the concept of the 'social gradient in health'?

Accepted Answer

A consistent pattern where those with higher socioeconomic status have better health outcomes compared to those with lower socioeconomic status.

Answer

The unequal distribution of health resources based on social class.

Question 50

A study finds that children from low-income families are more likely to have asthma than children from high-income families. Which social determinant of health is most likely influencing this outcome?

Accepted Answer

Living conditions and environmental factors.

Answer

Cultural beliefs and practices.

Answer

Access to healthcare services.

Answer

Social support networks.

Question 51

The Whitehall Study, which examined British civil servants, provided evidence for which social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

The impact of work stress and control on health.

Answer

The influence of social support on mental health.

Answer

The role of education in health outcomes.

Answer

The relationship between income and life expectancy.

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT considered a key social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Genetics.

Answer

Education.

Answer

Access to healthcare.

Answer

Social support.

Question 53

The concept of 'health inequality' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The avoidable and unfair differences in health between groups of people.

Answer

The unequal distribution of healthcare resources.

Answer

The variation in health outcomes within a population.

Question 54

A person with limited literacy skills is more likely to experience:

Accepted Answer

Difficulty navigating the healthcare system and understanding health information.

Answer

Higher levels of social support.

Answer

Improved access to employment opportunities.

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of a policy intervention aimed at addressing social determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

Providing free school meals to children from low-income families.

Answer

Increasing the number of doctors in a region.

Answer

Developing a new drug for a specific illness.

Question 56

The 'upstream' approach to addressing health inequalities focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Tackling the root causes of health problems by addressing social determinants.

Answer

Providing individual-level interventions to improve health behaviors.

Answer

Investing in medical research to develop new treatments.

Question 57

How can social support networks contribute to better health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

By providing emotional support, practical assistance, and access to resources.

Answer

By increasing access to healthcare services.

Answer

By promoting conformity to social norms.

Question 58

Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between social determinants of health and health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Social determinants shape health outcomes by influencing individual experiences, opportunities, and resources.

Answer

Social determinants are solely responsible for health outcomes.