The Endocrine System: Hormones and Glands Quiz

Question 1

Which gland controls body temperature and speeds up metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 2

Which hormone helps the body grow taller and stronger?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Question 3

Which gland is like the 'boss' of all other hormone glands?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Pancreas

Question 4

Which hormone keeps your blood sugar levels just right?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Question 5

Which gland helps your body fight stress?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thymus

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 6

Which hormone helps boys grow facial hair and a deeper voice?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Cortisol

Question 7

Which gland keeps your bones strong and healthy?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 8

Which hormone helps your body make red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 9

Which glands release hormones that control the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 10

Which hormone helps you sleep at night?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Testosterone

Question 11

Which hormone is essential for controlling the amount of sugar in your blood?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Coordinates responses to external stimuli

Answer

Regulates metabolism

Answer

Controls growth and development

Answer

Maintains homeostasis

Question 13

Identify the endocrine gland known as the "master gland" due to its role in controlling other hormone-producing glands.

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 14

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 15

Name the endocrine gland that secretes hormones essential for calcium metabolism.

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Thymus gland

Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 16

Which hormone is associated with the body's "fight-or-flight" response during stressful situations?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Endorphin

Answer

Progesterone

Question 17

Which disorder is characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production?

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 18

Identify the hormone responsible for promoting the growth and development of bones and muscles.

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 19

Name the hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating the body's sleep-wake cycle.

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Question 20

How does insulin regulate glucose metabolism in target cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin binds to cell surface receptors, triggering a signaling pathway that increases glucose uptake and utilization.

Answer

Insulin enters cells directly and activates gene expression, leading to more glucose transporters.

Answer

Insulin binds to receptors on intracellular organelles, releasing stored glucose into the cytoplasm.

Question 21

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating breast milk production?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Insulin

Question 22

Which gland secretes hormones that are involved in regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 23

Which hormone inhibits the release of ACTH from the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 24

Which hormone increases heart rate and blood pressure in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 25

Which gland produces hormones that regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 26

Which characteristic accurately describes hormone action?

Accepted Answer

Hormones act on specific target cells or tissues.

Answer

Hormones are always produced in large amounts.

Answer

Hormones have only short-term effects.

Answer

Hormones are only produced by endocrine glands.

Question 27

Which hormone plays a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Question 28

Which disorder is caused by excessive growth hormone production in childhood?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Diabetes

Question 29

How do negative feedback loops contribute to regulating hormone synthesis and maintaining hormonal balance?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loops enable hormone levels to inhibit their own production, ensuring hormonal stability.

Answer

Hormone synthesis is solely controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

Answer

Hormone levels have no influence on their own synthesis.

Question 30

Which symptom is not typically associated with Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Normal blood pressure

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Muscle weakness

Question 31

Which of the following is definitively NOT a gland in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 32

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Testosterone

Question 33

Where is the pituitary gland situated?

Accepted Answer

In the brain

Answer

In the neck

Answer

In the chest

Answer

In the abdomen

Question 34

Which of the following is known as a neurohormone?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 35

Which gland is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect the function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Climate

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Age

Answer

Lifestyle

Question 37

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 38

What is the main function of the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Regulates metabolism

Answer

Produces white blood cells

Answer

Stores energy as fat

Answer

Maintains fluid balance

Question 39

What is the primary role of the adrenal glands in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

Release adrenaline and cortisol

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Answer

Stimulate thyroid hormone production

Question 40

Which hormone, released from the pituitary gland, stimulates growth?

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 41

Which type of feedback mechanism commonly occurs in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Answer

Positive feedback loop

Answer

Reflex arc

Answer

Conditioned response

Question 42

Which glands are responsible for producing hormones that regulate sexual characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Gonads

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 43

What is the main effect of increased parathyroid hormone levels on blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Increases blood calcium levels

Answer

Decreases blood calcium levels

Answer

No effect on blood calcium levels

Answer

Increases blood phosphate levels

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system in regulating bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Providing the body with energy

Answer

Controlling metabolism

Answer

Influencing growth and development

Answer

Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

Question 45

Which hormone is responsible for promoting the growth and development of cells in the body?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Question 46

Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Estrogen

Question 47

Which gland releases insulin and glucagon, hormones that regulate blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Question 48

Which hormone triggers the pituitary gland to release growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 49

Which of the following is not primarily regulated by the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Growth

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Metabolism

Question 50

Which glands release hormones that influence blood pressure and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Thymus gland

Answer

Parathyroid glands

Question 51

Which hormone is released during periods of intense physical or emotional stress?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 52

Which glands secrete hormones that regulate calcium levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid glands

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 53

Which of the following cells is a target for insulin?

Accepted Answer

Muscle cells

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

Nerve cells

Question 54

Which hormone triggers the production of milk in mammary glands?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 55

Which gland releases hormones that regulate reproductive functions such as ovulation, menstruation, and sperm production?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thymus gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pancreas

Question 56

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Growth hormone