Cybersecurity Threats: Types and Prevention Strategies

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Hoax

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan

Answer

Spyware

Question 2

Phishing scams typically aim to:

Accepted Answer

Obtain sensitive information

Answer

Disable security measures

Answer

Damage computer systems

Answer

Spread malicious software

Question 3

Ransomware encrypts a victim's files and demands payment in exchange for:

Accepted Answer

Decrypting the files

Answer

Destroying the files

Answer

Accessing the victim's computer

Answer

Spreading the ransomware to other devices

Question 4

A denial-of-service (DoS) attack aims to:

Accepted Answer

Overwhelm a server with requests

Answer

Steal sensitive information

Answer

Encrypt a victim's files

Answer

Spread malware

Question 5

A firewall is a security device that:

Accepted Answer

Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic

Answer

Detects and removes malware

Answer

Encrypts data

Answer

Backs up important files

Question 6

A denial-of-service (DoS) attack primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Overwhelm a target system with excessive requests, preventing legitimate users from accessing it

Answer

Steal sensitive data from a target system

Answer

Gain unauthorized access to a system's resources

Answer

Encrypt files on a target system and demand a ransom for decryption

Question 7

What is the main purpose of security awareness training programs in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Enhance cybersecurity knowledge and skills

Answer

Increase website traffic

Answer

Replace antivirus software

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a common type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Hardware failure

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Spyware

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of a ransomware attack?

Accepted Answer

Data encryption

Answer

Data deletion

Answer

System shutdown

Answer

Network disruption

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a malware infection on a computer system?

Accepted Answer

Data loss or corruption

Answer

Improved system performance

Answer

Enhanced security

Answer

Increased storage space

Question 11

Which action increases the risk of a ransomware attack?

Accepted Answer

Opening email attachments from unknown senders

Answer

Backing up data regularly

Answer

Using strong passwords

Answer

Installing antivirus software

Question 12

Which of the following is the primary goal of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To steal sensitive information by tricking users into disclosing it

Answer

To infect devices with malware

Answer

To disrupt access to online services

Answer

To extort money from victims

Question 13

What is a key characteristic of a denial-of-service attack?

Accepted Answer

It aims to overwhelm a target system with excessive traffic, disrupting its availability

Answer

It involves the theft of sensitive data from compromised systems

Answer

It encrypts files on infected devices, demanding a ransom for their recovery

Answer

It exploits social engineering techniques to gain unauthorized access to networks

Question 14

What is the main purpose of a firewall in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to networks and systems

Answer

To detect and remove malware from infected devices

Answer

To encrypt sensitive data during transmission

Answer

To recover lost data in the event of a system failure

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a best practice for preventing ransomware attacks?

Accepted Answer

Clicking on email attachments from unknown senders

Answer

Regularly backing up important data

Answer

Installing and updating antivirus software

Answer

Updating operating systems and software regularly

Question 16

What is the primary goal of social engineering in cybersecurity attacks?

Accepted Answer

To manipulate individuals into compromising security measures and disclosing sensitive information

Answer

To exploit software vulnerabilities and gain unauthorized access to systems

Answer

To disrupt network infrastructure and cause widespread outages

Answer

To steal physical devices and access confidential information stored on them

Question 17

Which type of threat actor is primarily motivated by financial gain?

Accepted Answer

Organized crime groups

Answer

Hacktivists

Answer

Nation-states

Answer

Terrorists

Question 18

What is a key benefit of using encryption in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Protects sensitive data from unauthorized access and disclosure

Answer

Detects and removes malware from infected devices

Answer

Improves network performance and speed

Answer

Recovers lost data in the event of a system failure

Question 19

What is the purpose of ethical hacking in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To identify vulnerabilities and improve the security of systems and networks

Answer

To steal sensitive data and disrupt operations

Answer

To extort money from organizations and individuals

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to systems for malicious purposes

Question 20

What is the main purpose of intrusion detection systems (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

To detect and alert to suspicious activity on a network or system

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to networks

Answer

To encrypt data to protect it from unauthorized access

Answer

To perform regular security audits to identify vulnerabilities

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT considered malware?

Accepted Answer

Email

Answer

Virus

Answer

Worm

Answer

Trojan horse

Question 22

What is the primary objective of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To steal personal information

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to a computer system

Answer

To encrypt data

Answer

To disrupt network services

Question 23

What type of cyber threat encrypts data and demands payment to release it?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Hacking

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT an effective measure to mitigate denial-of-service attacks?

Accepted Answer

Regular software updates

Answer

Firewalls

Answer

Intrusion detection systems

Answer

Load balancers

Question 25

What constitutes the most important line of defense against phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

Educated and vigilant users

Answer

Antivirus software

Answer

Firewalls

Answer

Intrusion detection systems

Question 26

What is the primary motivation behind a ransomware attack?

Accepted Answer

Financial gain

Answer

Political disruption

Answer

Espionage

Answer

Revenge

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a type of denial-of-service attack?

Accepted Answer

Man-in-the-middle attack

Answer

HTTP flood attack

Answer

SYN flood attack

Answer

DNS amplification attack

Question 28

Which type of malware encrypts files and demands a ransom to decrypt them?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Adware

Answer

Trojan horse

Question 29

What is the primary objective of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To steal sensitive information

Answer

To disrupt the operation of a network

Answer

To encrypt files and demand a ransom

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to a computer system

Question 30

What is the main purpose of a denial-of-service attack?

Accepted Answer

To disrupt the availability of a service

Answer

To steal data

Answer

To encrypt files

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to a system

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for preventing malware infections?

Accepted Answer

Disabling automatic software updates

Answer

Using antivirus software

Answer

Keeping software up-to-date

Answer

Being cautious when opening emails and attachments

Question 32

What is the most appropriate first step to take if you suspect a cybersecurity threat?

Accepted Answer

Inform your teacher or supervisor

Answer

Ignite it

Answer

Attempt to fix the issue yourself

Answer

Wait and see if the problem resolves itself

Question 33

What is the primary purpose of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To block unauthorized access to a network

Answer

To detect and remove malware

Answer

To encrypt data

Answer

To back up data

Question 34

Which type of cybersecurity threat involves the installation of malicious software on a computer?

Accepted Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Hacking

Answer

Ransomware

Question 35

What is the primary goal of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

Stealing sensitive information

Answer

Disrupting network services

Answer

Encrypting files for ransom

Answer

Gaining unauthorized access to systems

Question 36

Which type of cybersecurity threat aims to prevent legitimate users from accessing a service or resource?

Accepted Answer

Denial-of-service attacks

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Hacking

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of phishing emails?

Accepted Answer

Use of formal language

Answer

Urgent tone

Answer

Request for personal information

Answer

Links to suspicious websites

Question 38

What is a common technique used by hackers to exploit buffer overflow vulnerabilities?

Accepted Answer

Shellcode injection

Answer

Denial-of-service attacks

Answer

Malware propagation

Answer

Phishing

Question 39

Which type of ransomware encrypts data in a way that makes it extremely difficult or impossible to recover without paying a ransom?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetric encryption

Answer

Symmetric encryption

Answer

Hybrid encryption

Answer

Double encryption

Question 40

What is the primary objective of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To obtain personal or financial information

Answer

To disrupt the functionality of a website or network

Answer

To gain illegal access to a computer system

Answer

To encrypt files and demand payment for their release

Question 41

Which cybersecurity threat involves an unauthorized breach of a computer system?

Accepted Answer

Hacking

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

Ransomware

Question 42

What differentiates ransomware from other threats?

Accepted Answer

It encrypts a victim's files and demands payment for their recovery

Answer

It employs social engineering tactics to trick victims into installing malware

Answer

It targets software or system vulnerabilities to gain illegal access

Answer

It overwhelms a service with excessive traffic, disrupting its availability

Question 43

What is the main goal of a denial-of-service (DoS) attack?

Accepted Answer

To disrupt the operation of a website or network

Answer

To steal personal or financial information

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to a computer system

Answer

To encrypt files and demand payment for their release

Question 44

Which of the following is a malicious software that encrypts files and demands a ransom for their release?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Adware

Question 45

What is the primary purpose of a phishing email?

Accepted Answer

To obtain sensitive information such as passwords or credit card numbers.

Answer

To disrupt the operation of a website or service.

Answer

To infect a computer with malware.

Question 46

What is the primary impact of a denial-of-service attack?

Accepted Answer

Making a website or service unavailable to legitimate users.

Answer

Encrypting files and demanding a ransom.

Answer

Stealing sensitive information.

Question 47

Which type of cybersecurity threat typically involves sending emails containing malicious attachments or links to infected websites?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Hacking

Answer

Malware

Answer

Ransomware

Question 48

What is a critical distinction between a virus and a worm?

Accepted Answer

Viruses require a host file to infect, while worms can spread independently.

Answer

Worms only target computers, while viruses can infect both computers and mobile devices.

Answer

Viruses are always malicious, while worms can be harmless.

Question 49

Which type of cybersecurity threat encrypts a victim's data and demands a payment to decrypt it?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Denial-of-service attack

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Question 50

A technique that involves sending fraudulent emails or messages to trick victims into revealing sensitive information is known as:

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Hacking

Answer

Malware

Answer

Spamming

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a common method used by hackers to gain unauthorized access to systems?

Accepted Answer

Brute force attacks

Answer

Password cracking

Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Malware injection

Question 52

A type of cybersecurity threat that aims to overwhelm a system with excessive traffic, causing it to become unavailable, is called:

Accepted Answer

Denial-of-service attack

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Question 53

Which type of malware is designed to spy on users, steal sensitive data, or control their devices remotely?

Accepted Answer

Spyware

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Worm

Answer

Virus

Question 54

A cybersecurity threat that exploits vulnerabilities in software or operating systems to gain unauthorized access or cause damage is known as:

Accepted Answer

Exploit

Answer

Malware

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Phishing

Question 55

Which of the following is a best practice for preventing phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

Be cautious of suspicious emails and links.

Answer

Share personal information freely

Answer

Click on all links in emails

Answer

Ignore security warnings

Question 56

A cybersecurity threat that involves manipulating a user into revealing sensitive information or taking actions that compromise their security is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Spamming

Answer

Hacking

Answer

Malware

Question 57

Which of the following is a type of malware that replicates itself and spreads from one computer to another without human interaction?

Accepted Answer

Worm

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Virus

Question 58

A cybersecurity threat that involves installing malicious software on a victim's device without their knowledge or consent is known as:

Accepted Answer

Malware injection

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Ransomware