Geomorphology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Landforms and Processes

Question 1

Which of the following is a major type of erosional landform resulting from the selective erosion of weaker rock layers?

Accepted Answer

Cuesta

Answer

Mesa

Answer

Esker

Answer

Moraine

Question 2

What is the term for a flat, low-lying area of land built up by sediment deposited by a river as it overflows its banks during floods?

Accepted Answer

Floodplain

Answer

Delta

Answer

Levee

Answer

Meander

Question 3

Which of the following is a type of mass movement characterized by the slow, downslope movement of loose rock and soil?

Accepted Answer

Creep

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Slump

Answer

Rockfall

Question 4

What type of weathering process involves the breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions with substances such as water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Mechanical weathering

Question 5

Which of the following is not a primary type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Question 6

Which of the following is a type of mass movement characterized by rapid, downslope movement of soil and rock?

Accepted Answer

Landslide

Answer

Creep

Answer

Solifluction

Answer

Areal erosion

Question 7

The process of water seeping into cracks in rocks and freezing, leading to weathering, is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Frost shattering

Answer

Honeycomb weathering

Answer

Salt weathering

Answer

Thermal expansion

Question 8

Which of the following is a type of coastal landform formed by wave erosion?

Accepted Answer

Cliff

Answer

Headland

Answer

Bay

Answer

Dune

Question 9

The study of landforms and the processes that shape them is known as:

Accepted Answer

Geomorphology

Answer

Geology

Answer

Geography

Answer

Oceanography

Question 10

The process of sediment transport by water due to its erosive force is known as:

Accepted Answer

Corrasion

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Attrition

Answer

Hydraulic action

Question 11

The formation of karst landscapes is primarily caused by the dissolution of:

Accepted Answer

Limestone

Answer

Sandstone

Answer

Granite

Answer

Basalt

Question 12

Fold mountains are a result of:

Accepted Answer

Compression of the Earth's crust

Answer

Faulting

Answer

Volcanic activity

Answer

Glacial erosion

Question 13

The study of the impact of human activities on landforms is called:

Accepted Answer

Anthropogenic geomorphology

Answer

Environmental geography

Answer

Physical geography

Answer

Landscape ecology

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a process involved in river erosion and deposition?

Accepted Answer

Folding

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Deposition

Question 15

What is the name of the landform created by the accumulation of glacial debris?

Accepted Answer

Moraine

Answer

Drumlin

Answer

Esker

Answer

Outwash plain

Question 16

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the speed of rock weathering?

Accepted Answer

Plate tectonics

Answer

Rock type

Answer

Climate

Answer

Plants and animals

Question 17

What is the process by which wind wears away rock surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Attrition

Answer

Deflation

Answer

Transportation

Question 18

Which of the following is a process that occurs along coastlines?

Accepted Answer

Wave erosion

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Glaciation

Question 19

What is the theory that explains the formation of extensive, folded mountain ranges?

Accepted Answer

Plate tectonics

Answer

Folding

Answer

Faulting

Answer

Metamorphism

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a type of mass movement?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Avalanche

Answer

Mudflow

Question 21

What is the name of the vast, slowly moving body of ice?

Accepted Answer

Glacier

Answer

Ice sheet

Answer

Iceberg

Answer

Ice wedge

Question 22

Which of the following is a type of plate boundary where two plates move away from each other?

Accepted Answer

Divergent

Answer

Convergent

Answer

Transform

Answer

Subduction

Question 23

Which type of landform is characterized by a steep, sloping face and is often formed by erosion?

Accepted Answer

Escarpment

Answer

Dune

Answer

Plateau

Answer

Valley

Question 24

What is the name of the process by which sediment is transported by water, ice, or wind?

Accepted Answer

Transportation

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 25

Which of the following is a type of fault that occurs when rocks are pulled apart?

Accepted Answer

Normal fault

Answer

Reverse fault

Answer

Strike-slip fault

Answer

Thrust fault

Question 26

Which of the following factors does not influence the distribution of landforms on Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

Extraterrestrial events

Answer

Climate

Answer

Geology

Answer

Human activity

Question 27

Which theory explains the movement of lithospheric plates and the formation of different landforms?

Accepted Answer

Plate tectonics

Answer

Continental drift

Answer

Seafloor spreading

Answer

Subduction

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the distribution of landforms?

Accepted Answer

Availability of building materials

Answer

Climate

Answer

Tectonic activity

Answer

Human activity

Question 29

What type of landform is formed by the deposition of sediment by a river at its mouth?

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Mountain

Answer

Fault scarp

Answer

Glacial moraine

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of a glacial moraine?

Accepted Answer

Large, rounded boulders

Answer

Steep slopes

Answer

Dense vegetation

Answer

Dry, arid conditions

Question 31

What is the main mechanism of erosion in desert environments?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Water flow

Answer

Ice

Answer

Biological activity

Question 32

Which of the following is a type of fault that occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other?

Accepted Answer

Strike-slip fault

Answer

Dip-slip fault

Answer

Normal fault

Answer

Reverse fault

Question 33

How do human activities like mining and urbanization impact landforms?

Accepted Answer

Mining creates open pits and spoil heaps, while urbanization leads to built-up areas and infrastructure.

Answer

Mining and urbanization only destroy landforms, not create new ones.

Answer

Human activities have no effect on landforms.

Answer

Mining and urbanization always have positive effects on landforms.

Question 34

Which fluvial process is primarily responsible for the formation of meanders?

Accepted Answer

Lateral erosion and deposition

Answer

Headward erosion

Answer

Vertical erosion

Answer

Abrasion

Question 35

Which type of fault occurs when two blocks of rock move horizontally past each other?

Accepted Answer

Strike-slip fault

Answer

Reverse fault

Answer

Thrust fault

Answer

Normal fault

Question 36

Which of the following landforms is primarily formed by glacial erosion?

Accepted Answer

U-shaped valley

Answer

Volcano

Answer

Meander

Answer

Sand dune

Question 37

Which type of landform is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown sediment?

Accepted Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Esker

Answer

Delta

Answer

Moraine

Question 38

Which of the following is a potential consequence of coastal erosion?

Accepted Answer

Loss of land

Answer

Increased biodiversity

Answer

Enhanced economic activity

Answer

Improved water quality

Question 39

What geological process involves the breakdown of rocks through physical and chemical means?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Question 40

Which of the following is a process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Lithification

Answer

Deposition

Question 41

Which of the following landforms is primarily formed by glacial deposition?

Accepted Answer

Moraine

Answer

Cirques

Answer

Sand dunes

Question 42

What is the process by which sediment accumulates in layers?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 43

Which of the following types of faults occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other?

Accepted Answer

Strike-slip fault

Answer

Normal fault

Answer

Oblique-slip fault

Answer

Reverse fault

Question 44

What is the term for the process by which rocks are folded and bent?

Accepted Answer

Folding

Answer

Faulting

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Weathering

Question 45

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the formation of mountains?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Faulting

Answer

Volcanism

Answer

Folding

Question 46

What is the name of the large land mass that existed millions of years ago and is thought to have broken up to form the continents?

Accepted Answer

Pangea

Answer

Gondwana

Answer

Laurasia

Answer

Rodinia

Question 47

Which of the following is a type of rapid mass movement that involves the sliding of a large mass of rock or debris?

Accepted Answer

Landslide

Answer

Solifluction

Answer

Creep

Answer

Mudflow

Question 48

What is the name of the device that is used to detect and record ground shaking during an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

Seismograph

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Anemometer