Programming Concepts: Master the Fundamentals of Coding

Question 1

How can you check if a number is greater than 10 and less than 20 using logical operators in Python?

Accepted Answer

if num > 10 and num < 20:

Answer

if num > 10 & num < 20:

Answer

if num > 10 || num < 20:

Answer

if 10 < num and num < 20:

Question 2

In Python, encapsulation is the process of bundling data and the methods that operate on that data into classes and objects. How does encapsulation improve code organization and security?

Accepted Answer

It protects data from unauthorized access by bundling it with methods that operate on it.

Answer

It organizes related functions and data using modules.

Answer

It makes the code more complex and disorganized.

Question 3

Which Python operator is used for modular arithmetic, often employed to determine remainders?

Accepted Answer

%

Answer

+

Answer

-

Answer

*

Question 4

In Python, what does mutability refer to?

Accepted Answer

The ability to modify a data structure after it's created

Answer

The inability to change a data structure once it's created

Answer

A property that applies to both lists and tuples in Python

Answer

A concept that doesn't affect the efficiency of Python programs

Question 5

When would Quick Sort be a better choice than Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

Sorting a large dataset that is randomly ordered

Answer

Sorting a small dataset that is nearly sorted

Answer

Sorting a dataset with many duplicate elements

Answer

Sorting a dataset stored in a linked list

Question 6

Which data type should be used to store numerical values representing a person's age?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Float

Answer

Double

Question 7

Which operator is used to check if two values are equal?

Accepted Answer

==

Answer

+

Answer

-

Answer

*

Question 8

What is the main purpose of a variable in programming?

Accepted Answer

To store data

Answer

To perform calculations

Answer

To control the flow of the program

Answer

To define functions

Question 9

Which control structure repeatedly executes a block of code while a specified condition remains true?

Accepted Answer

While loop

Answer

If-else

Answer

Switch

Answer

For loop

Question 10

Which option is NOT a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 11

What is the primary use of a variable in programming?

Accepted Answer

Storing values

Answer

Executing commands

Answer

Defining functions

Answer

Creating objects

Question 12

Which of the following operators is used for division in Python?

Accepted Answer

/

Answer

+

Answer

-

Answer

*

Question 13

What will be the output of the following Python code: print(not True and False)?

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Error

Answer

None

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct syntax for a Python function definition?

Accepted Answer

def function_name(parameters):

Answer

function_name(parameters):

Answer

def function_name()

Answer

function_name()

Question 15

What is the purpose of the __init__() method in a Python class?

Accepted Answer

To initialize the object

Answer

To define the behavior of the object

Answer

To create the object

Answer

To destroy the object

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a basic data type in programming?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of an operator in programming?

Accepted Answer

To compare values

Answer

To store data

Answer

To control program flow

Answer

To create variables

Question 18

How do variables differ from constants in programming?

Accepted Answer

Variables can be modified during program execution, while constants cannot

Answer

Constants can be assigned any value, while variables cannot

Answer

Variables store data, while constants store instructions

Answer

There is no difference between variables and constants

Question 19

Which of the following is a valid identifier in Java?

Accepted Answer

my_variable

Answer

123

Answer

my variable

Answer

$myVariable

Question 20

What is the purpose of the semicolon (;) in programming?

Accepted Answer

To separate statements

Answer

To terminate a program

Answer

To create a comment

Answer

To declare a variable

Question 21

What is the purpose of the main() method in Java?

Accepted Answer

To define the entry point of the program

Answer

To handle user input

Answer

To output data to the console

Answer

To declare all the variables used in the program

Question 22

What is the purpose of a variable in programming?

Accepted Answer

To store a value in memory

Answer

To perform a calculation

Answer

To control the flow of a program

Answer

To define a function

Question 23

Which of the following operators is used in Python to concatenate two strings?

Accepted Answer

+

Answer

*

Answer

/

Answer

%

Question 24

What is the result of the following expression in Python: 10 % 3

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

0

Answer

3

Answer

10

Question 25

Which of the following control structures is used in Python to repeat a block of code a fixed number of times?

Accepted Answer

for

Answer

while

Answer

if

Answer

else

Question 26

What is the key difference between a local and a global variable in Python?

Accepted Answer

Local variables can only be accessed within the function they are defined in, while global variables can be accessed anywhere in the program.

Answer

Global variables can only be accessed outside of functions, while local variables can be accessed anywhere in the program.

Answer

Local variables are stored in memory, while global variables are not.

Answer

There is no difference between local and global variables.

Question 27

Which Python function is used to find the absolute value of a number?

Accepted Answer

abs()

Answer

round()

Answer

math.floor()

Answer

math.ceil()

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental data type in programming?

Accepted Answer

Object

Answer

String

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Question 29

What is the purpose of the equality comparison operator '==' in programming?

Accepted Answer

To compare two values for equality

Answer

To assign a value to a variable

Answer

To compare two values for inequality

Answer

To perform a logical AND operation

Question 30

Which control structure allows a program to repeatedly execute a set of statements until a condition is met?

Accepted Answer

While loop

Answer

If-else statement

Answer

For loop

Answer

Switch statement

Question 31

What is the primary purpose of a variable in programming?

Accepted Answer

To temporarily store data

Answer

To permanently store data

Answer

To perform calculations

Answer

To control the flow of a program

Question 32

Which of the following is a valid identifier name in Python according to naming conventions?

Accepted Answer

_my_variable

Answer

123abc

Answer

my-variable

Answer

my variable

Question 33

What is the main distinction between a method and a function in object-oriented programming?

Accepted Answer

Methods are specific to objects, while functions are not

Answer

Functions are specific to objects, while methods are not

Answer

They are essentially the same thing

Answer

Methods are always void, while functions are not

Question 34

In programming, what does CRUD stand for?

Accepted Answer

Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete

Answer

Copy, Read, Update, Delete

Answer

Create, Read, Update, Drop

Answer

Create, Retrieve, Upsert, Delete

Question 35

What is the primary purpose of a debugger in programming?

Accepted Answer

Finding and fixing errors in code

Answer

Optimizing code performance

Answer

Generating test cases automatically

Answer

Documenting and explaining code

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a recognized data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

Character

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

List

Question 37

What is the purpose of an assignment operator in programming?

Accepted Answer

Storing a value in a variable

Answer

Comparing two values

Answer

Performing arithmetic operations

Answer

Iterating over a sequence

Question 38

Which control structure in programming is used to repeat a block of code while a certain condition remains true?

Accepted Answer

while-loop

Answer

if-else

Answer

for-loop

Answer

switch-case

Question 39

What is the effect of a break statement inside a loop in programming?

Accepted Answer

Stops the loop immediately

Answer

Continues to the next iteration

Answer

Skips the current iteration

Answer

Pauses the loop temporarily

Question 40

In Python, where can local variables be accessed?

Accepted Answer

Only within the function they're defined in

Answer

Throughout the program

Question 41

Which of these Python functions is used to display output?

Accepted Answer

print()

Answer

input()

Question 42

What is the main purpose of the main() function in a Python program?

Accepted Answer

Program entry point

Answer

Variable storage

Answer

Error handling

Question 43

Which data type is appropriate for representing the number of attendees at an event?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Float

Question 44

What operator is used to check if two values are equal?

Accepted Answer

==

Answer

=

Question 45

Which control structure allows repeated execution of a block of code until a condition is met?

Accepted Answer

While loop

Answer

If-else statement

Answer

For loop

Question 46

What is the primary purpose of variables in programming?

Accepted Answer

Data storage

Answer

To execute code

Question 47

Which of the following is a valid variable name in Python?

Accepted Answer

_my_variable

Answer

123abc

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

String

Question 49

In Python, the correct syntax to define a function named 'calculateArea' is:

Accepted Answer

def calculateArea(length, width):

Answer

function calculateArea(length, width):

Answer

public calculateArea(length, width):

Answer

calculateArea = function(length, width):

Question 50

What is the main purpose of the 'pass' statement in Python?

Accepted Answer

To indicate that a code block is intentionally left empty

Answer

To prevent errors when code is not yet complete

Answer

To skip execution of a code block

Answer

To define a new variable

Question 51

Explain the concepts of variable scope and variable lifetime in Python.

Accepted Answer

Variable scope determines where a variable can be accessed, while variable lifetime determines how long it exists in memory.

Accepted Answer

Global variables exist for the entire duration of the program's execution, while local variables only exist within the function they are created.

Answer

Local variables are stored in a separate memory location from global variables.

Answer

Local variables have a longer lifetime than global variables.

Question 52

Which data type in Python is used to represent text?

Accepted Answer

String

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Float

Question 53

The primary purpose of an 'if' statement in programming is to:

Accepted Answer

Compare conditions and execute code based on the result

Answer

Repeat a block of code multiple times

Answer

Store data in a variable

Answer

Perform mathematical operations

Question 54

Which operator in Python is used to assign a value to a variable?

Accepted Answer

=

Answer

==

Answer

+=

Answer

>=

Question 55

In Python, what is the difference between a local and a global variable?

Accepted Answer

Local variables are accessible only within the function they are defined, while global variables can be accessed throughout the program

Answer

Local variables are accessible throughout the program, while global variables are accessible only within the function they are defined

Answer

Local variables are stored in memory, while global variables are stored on the hard drive

Answer

There is no difference between local and global variables in Python

Question 56

Which of the following Python functions correctly calculates the sum of two numbers?

Accepted Answer

def sum(a, b) -> int: return a + b

Answer

def sum: (a, b): return a + b

Answer

function sum(a, b) -> int: return a + b

Answer

def sum(a, b): print(a + b)

Question 57

What is the main reason for using loops in programming?

Accepted Answer

To execute a set of instructions multiple times

Answer

To store data efficiently

Answer

To make comparisons between values

Answer

To perform complex calculations

Question 58

Which of the following is **not** a type of loop in Python?

Accepted Answer

Until loop

Answer

For loop

Answer

While loop

Answer

Do-while loop

Question 59

What is the difference between a **break** and a **continue** statement in a loop?

Accepted Answer

A **break** statement exits the loop immediately, while a **continue** statement skips the current iteration and continues with the next one.

Answer

A **break** statement skips the current iteration and continues with the next one, while a **continue** statement exits the loop immediately.

Answer

There is no difference between a **break** and a **continue** statement.

Answer

A **break** statement exits the function, while a **continue** statement exits the program.

Question 60

What's the main purpose of a decorator in Python?

Accepted Answer

Adds new features to a function without changing its code

Answer

Creates a new function with a different name

Answer

Defines a class and its methods

Answer

Handles errors and exceptions

Question 61

What is the primary advantage of dynamic typing in Python?

Accepted Answer

Variables can change their data type during the program.

Answer

It automatically converts data types to avoid errors.

Answer

It simplifies debugging by identifying type issues.

Question 62

In Python, what is the purpose of using *args and **kwargs in functions?

Accepted Answer

To pass a variable number of positional arguments

Accepted Answer

To pass a variable number of keyword arguments

Answer

To define a function with default argument values

Answer

To return multiple values from a function

Question 63

Which Python library is specifically designed for creating data visualizations, such as scatter plots?

Accepted Answer

Matplotlib

Answer

NumPy

Answer

Pandas

Answer

Scikit-learn

Question 64

Which programming structure is used to store a unique collection of items, making sure there are no repeats?

Accepted Answer

Set

Answer

List

Answer

Dictionary

Answer

Tuple