Rivers: Flow, Erosion, Deposition, and Landforms

Question 1

What is river erosion?

Accepted Answer

The wearing away and removal of rock and soil by the river's flow

Answer

The movement of water within a river channel

Answer

The dropping of sediment by a river as it slows down

Question 2

What is a meander in a river?

Accepted Answer

A bend in a river's course

Answer

A narrow, steep-sided valley carved by a river

Answer

A flat area next to a river that floods easily

Answer

A fan-shaped deposit of sediment at a river's mouth

Question 3

Which factor has the LEAST impact on a river's ability to erode?

Accepted Answer

The air temperature around the river

Answer

The amount of water flowing in the river

Answer

The steepness of the river channel

Answer

The type and hardness of the rock the river flows over

Question 4

A river with a lot of water flowing quickly downhill is likely to be:

Accepted Answer

Highly erosive with a lot of energy

Answer

Wide and shallow with meandering patterns

Answer

Slow flowing with lots of sediment deposition

Question 5

Which landform is created by a river depositing sediment?

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Interlocking spur

Answer

Waterfall

Answer

Gorge

Question 6

Where in a river's course are you most likely to find waterfalls and rapids?

Accepted Answer

Upper course

Answer

Middle course

Answer

Near the river's starting point

Answer

Lower course

Question 7

What is the main cause of flooding in a river valley?

Accepted Answer

Heavy rain or melting snow causing the river to overflow

Answer

Dams breaking upstream, releasing a sudden surge of water

Answer

High tides pushing back into a river's mouth

Question 8

How does abrasion erode a river?

Accepted Answer

Rock fragments carried by the river scrape and wear away the riverbed and banks.

Answer

The force of the water dissolves minerals in the surrounding rock.

Answer

Air bubbles in the water weaken the rock by expanding and contracting.

Question 9

Oxbow lakes form when a:

Accepted Answer

Meander gets cut off from the main river channel

Answer

Two rivers join together

Answer

River is rejuvenated with increased energy

Answer

River erodes backwards at its source

Question 10

What is the MOST LIKELY reason a river starts to meander?

Accepted Answer

Erosion on the outer bank and deposition on the inner bank

Answer

The presence of a large waterfall

Answer

The steepness of the river's slope

Question 11

Identify the key difference between a river's upper course and its lower course.

Accepted Answer

Gradient and flow rate

Answer

Presence of tributaries

Answer

Volume of water carried

Question 12

Which of the following landforms is NOT created by river erosion?

Accepted Answer

Levees

Answer

Gorges

Answer

Waterfalls

Answer

Canyons

Question 13

How is a river delta formed?

Accepted Answer

Deposition of sediment at the river's mouth

Answer

Formation of a waterfall

Answer

Erosion of the river's banks

Answer

Impact of human activities

Question 14

How does a river's load influence the erosion process?

Accepted Answer

Sediment carried by the river acts as an abrasive tool, eroding the riverbed and banks.

Answer

It increases the river's speed, leading to faster erosion.

Answer

It reduces the river's energy, slowing down erosion.

Question 15

Describe the relationship between a river's discharge and its erosive power.

Accepted Answer

Higher discharge leads to greater erosive power.

Answer

Lower discharge leads to greater erosive power.

Answer

Discharge has no impact on erosive power.

Question 16

Explain how oxbow lakes form.

Accepted Answer

Meandering rivers erode their outer banks, eventually cutting off a loop of the channel.

Answer

They are formed by the erosion of the riverbed.

Answer

They are formed by the deposition of sediment at the river's mouth.

Question 17

Identify the various ways in which human activities can impact river systems.

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Polluting rivers, which harms aquatic life

Answer

Diverting river water for irrigation, which reduces flow

Answer

Building dams, which alter flow patterns

Question 18

Provide an example of a landform created through deposition.

Accepted Answer

River delta

Answer

Gorge

Answer

Canyon

Answer

Waterfall

Question 19

Which characteristic is NOT associated with a meander?

Accepted Answer

Straight channel

Answer

Cut bank

Answer

Horseshoe-shaped bend

Question 20

When a river enters a large body of water, what type of deposition feature is formed due to loss of energy?

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Meander

Answer

Oxbow lake

Answer

Floodplain

Question 21

Which of the following human activities can have a negative impact on rivers?

Accepted Answer

Dam construction

Answer

Wetland restoration

Answer

Sustainable farming practices

Answer

Afforestation

Question 22

What is the term used to describe the area of land that is regularly flooded by a river?

Accepted Answer

Floodplain

Answer

Meander

Answer

Catchment area

Answer

Estuary

Question 23

Which of the following is a benefit of river management schemes?

Accepted Answer

Flood prevention

Answer

Reduced water quality

Answer

Loss of habitat

Answer

Increased erosion

Question 24

What is the name of the process by which a river transports eroded material?

Accepted Answer

Transportation

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Hydration

Question 25

What is the name of the point where a river meets the sea?

Accepted Answer

Estuary

Answer

Floodplain

Answer

Meander

Answer

Delta