Cybersecurity Risk Mitigation and Control: Master the Essentials

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common type of access control mechanism used in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Biometric authentication

Answer

Role-based access control (RBAC)

Answer

Attribute-based access control (ABAC)

Answer

Discretionary access control (DAC)

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of encryption in risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

To protect sensitive data from unauthorized access and maintain confidentiality

Answer

To detect and respond to security incidents

Answer

To control access to specific resources

Answer

To prevent data breaches

Question 3

Which of the following is a key benefit of using an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

Real-time monitoring of network traffic for suspicious activities

Answer

Automatic response to security threats

Answer

Prevention of all types of cyberattacks

Answer

Data recovery in the event of a breach

Question 4

What is the primary goal of risk mitigation in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To reduce the likelihood and impact of potential threats

Answer

To completely eliminate all cybersecurity risks

Answer

To ensure that all data is always protected from unauthorized access

Answer

To make it impossible for attackers to compromise systems

Question 5

Which of the following is a widely recognized international standard for information security management systems?

Accepted Answer

ISO 27001

Answer

PCI DSS

Answer

COBIT

Answer

NIST Cybersecurity Framework

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of a hardening checklist?

Accepted Answer

To identify and fix security vulnerabilities in software and systems

Answer

To ensure that security patches are applied regularly

Answer

To provide step-by-step instructions for implementing security controls

Answer

To monitor network traffic for malicious activity

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of least privilege?

Accepted Answer

All users should have the same level of access

Answer

Users should only have the access they need to perform their job

Answer

Privileges should be reviewed and revoked regularly

Answer

Access to sensitive data should be restricted to authorized personnel

Question 8

What is the role of security awareness training in risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

To educate users about cybersecurity threats, best practices, and their responsibilities

Answer

To install antivirus software on all devices

Answer

To implement multi-factor authentication

Answer

To monitor network traffic for suspicious activity

Question 9

What is the purpose of a risk assessment in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To identify, analyze, and evaluate potential cybersecurity risks

Answer

To implement technical controls to mitigate risks

Answer

To train users on cybersecurity best practices

Answer

To recover from a cybersecurity incident

Question 10

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and analysing risks

Accepted Answer

Prioritising risks based on their likelihood and impact

Accepted Answer

Implementing controls to reduce the likelihood and impact of risks

Answer

Ignoring risks that are considered low-priority

Question 11

Which of the following is not a direct method for mitigating cybersecurity risks?

Accepted Answer

Social engineering awareness training

Answer

Access control

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Intrusion detection

Question 12

What is the primary principle of risk mitigation and control in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and managing potential risks to reduce their impact

Answer

Ignoring risks that are unlikely to occur

Answer

Transferring all risks to an external organization

Answer

Accepting all risks without implementing any countermeasures

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of effective risk mitigation and control?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring risks that are unlikely to occur

Answer

Identifying and assessing risks

Answer

Implementing appropriate countermeasures

Answer

Continuously monitoring and reviewing risks

Question 14

Which access control mechanism grants access based on users' functions and responsibilities within an organization?

Accepted Answer

Role-based access control (RBAC)

Answer

Attribute-based access control (ABAC)

Answer

Discretionary access control (DAC)

Answer

Mandatory access control (MAC)

Question 15

What is the primary purpose of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

Detect and alert on suspicious network activity

Answer

Block unauthorized access to a system

Answer

Remediate vulnerabilities within a system

Answer

Respond to and contain security incidents

Question 16

Which of the following is a key benefit of conducting a risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

Improves decision-making and resource allocation

Answer

Complies with regulatory requirements only

Answer

Reduces the possibility of security breaches

Answer

Guarantees elimination of all cybersecurity risks

Question 17

Which risk analysis technique involves quantifying the likelihood and impact of risks numerically?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative risk analysis (QRA)

Answer

SWOT analysis

Answer

Qualitative risk analysis (QRA)

Answer

Threat modeling

Question 18

What is the primary objective of risk mitigation and control in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Minimize the likelihood and impact of cybersecurity risks

Answer

Transfer cybersecurity risks to third parties

Answer

Eliminate all potential cybersecurity risks

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a principle of risk management?

Accepted Answer

Increase risk tolerance without justification

Answer

Monitor and review risks

Answer

Implement countermeasures

Answer

Identify and assess risks

Question 20

What is the primary purpose of access control?

Accepted Answer

Restrict access to authorized users and resources

Answer

Monitor system activity

Answer

Encrypt and decrypt data

Answer

Detect and prevent intrusions

Question 21

Which encryption algorithm is considered the industry standard for securing data in transit and at rest?

Accepted Answer

AES-256

Answer

RSA

Answer

MD5

Answer

DES

Question 22

What is the primary function of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

Detect and alert on suspicious activity in real-time

Answer

Monitor system performance

Answer

Prevent unauthorized access

Answer

Encrypt and decrypt data

Question 23

Which of the following is a recommended best practice for managing cybersecurity risks effectively?

Accepted Answer

Conduct regular risk assessments and prioritize remediation efforts

Answer

Implement countermeasures without evaluating their effectiveness

Answer

Ignore low-level threats

Answer

Rely solely on antivirus software for protection

Question 24

Differentiate between a threat and a vulnerability. Explain how they differ in nature and impact.

Accepted Answer

A threat is an external factor that can exploit a vulnerability, an internal weakness or flaw in a system or its controls.

Answer

A threat is always intentional while a vulnerability is not

Answer

A threat is an action while a vulnerability is a characteristic

Question 25

Which of the following is a commonly used security control to prevent unauthorized access to networks and resources?

Accepted Answer

Firewall

Answer

Intrusion detection system

Answer

Risk assessment

Answer

Encryption

Question 26

State the primary goal of information assurance and explain its significance in protecting information assets.

Accepted Answer

Protect information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, and destruction to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Answer

Detect and respond to cybersecurity incidents

Answer

Provide access to information to all authorized users

Question 27

Identify a type of risk assessment technique and describe its purpose.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative risk analysis: Evaluates and prioritizes risks based on their likelihood and impact using subjective judgments and expert opinions.

Answer

Intrusion detection

Answer

Firewall configuration

Answer

Backup and recovery

Question 28

Explain the significance of incident response planning and its benefits for organizations in managing cybersecurity incidents effectively.

Accepted Answer

Incident response planning enables organizations to respond swiftly and efficiently to cybersecurity incidents, minimizing their impact and facilitating recovery.

Answer

Reduce the likelihood of a cybersecurity incident occurring

Answer

Eliminate the need for security controls

Question 29

Which step is crucial in a risk assessment process?

Accepted Answer

Identifying potential risks

Answer

Monitoring security systems

Answer

Implementing mitigation controls

Question 30

Select the access control model that grants users access to resources based on their functions and responsibilities?

Accepted Answer

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Answer

Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

Answer

Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

Answer

Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

Question 31

Which encryption algorithm provides robust protection against brute-force attacks?

Accepted Answer

AES-256

Answer

SHA-256

Answer

DES

Answer

RSA

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of a firewall in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Preventing unauthorized network access

Answer

Encrypting data traffic

Answer

Performing security audits

Answer

Detecting and blocking malicious software

Question 33

Select the key benefit of implementing a disaster recovery plan?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing downtime during major incidents

Answer

Reducing security expenses

Answer

Eliminating cyberattack risks

Question 34

What is the primary objective of risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

Reducing the likelihood and impact of cybersecurity risks

Answer

Eliminating all cybersecurity risks

Answer

Transferring cybersecurity responsibility to external entities

Question 35

Which access control best practice is considered essential?

Accepted Answer

Applying the principle of least privilege

Answer

Permitting users to share their passwords

Answer

Granting users administrative rights by default

Answer

Disabling access control measures for convenience

Question 36

Identify the type of security incident typically involving unauthorized data or system access?

Accepted Answer

Breach

Answer

Attack

Answer

Vulnerability

Answer

Threat

Question 37

Select the primary responsibility of an Information Security Officer (ISO)?

Accepted Answer

Developing and implementing security policies

Answer

Installing security software updates

Answer

Performing penetration testing

Answer

Monitoring network activity for suspicious traffic

Question 38

What is a key principle of risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing the likelihood or impact of a risk

Answer

Transferring all risks to external parties

Answer

Ignoring risks until they materialize

Question 39

Which of the following is an instance of an access control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Biometric authentication

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Firewalls

Answer

Intrusion detection systems

Question 40

What is the primary purpose of encryption?

Accepted Answer

Protecting data confidentiality

Answer

Ensuring data integrity

Answer

Detecting unauthorized access attempts

Answer

Enhancing system performance

Question 41

What is a key benefit of intrusion detection systems (IDSs)?

Accepted Answer

Early detection of malicious activity

Answer

Absolute prevention of cyber attacks

Answer

Elimination of the need for other security controls

Question 42

What is the primary role of risk assessment in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and prioritizing cyber risks

Answer

Implementing and developing security controls

Answer

Predicting future security threats

Answer

Monitoring and evaluating security effectiveness

Question 43

Which of the following is a best practice for risk management?

Accepted Answer

Regular review and updating of risk assessments

Answer

Implementing security controls only for high-impact risks

Answer

Ignoring risks that are unlikely to occur

Answer

Assigning all risk management responsibilities to a third party

Question 44

What is the purpose of a disaster recovery plan?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring business continuity despite a disaster

Answer

Minimizing financial losses caused by disasters

Answer

Preventing disasters from happening

Question 45

Which of the following is a critical component of a security policy?

Accepted Answer

Acceptable use of information systems

Answer

Hardware specifications

Answer

Software licensing information

Answer

Network topology

Question 46

Which of the following is a physical access control measure?

Accepted Answer

Biometric access control system

Answer

Intrusion detection system

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Encryption

Question 47

What is the primary purpose of encryption in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To protect the confidentiality of data by making it unreadable without authorization

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to information systems

Answer

To control user permissions to specific resources

Question 48

Which type of intrusion detection system monitors network traffic for suspicious activity?

Accepted Answer

Network intrusion detection system (NIDS)

Answer

Anomaly-based intrusion detection system

Answer

Host-based intrusion detection system

Answer

Signature-based intrusion detection system

Question 49

What is the main objective of risk assessment in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To identify, analyze, and prioritize cybersecurity risks

Answer

To implement security controls

Answer

To respond to security incidents

Question 50

Which of the following is a primary benefit of multi-factor authentication?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced security by requiring multiple forms of identification

Answer

Improved user convenience

Answer

Reduced risk of phishing attacks

Question 51

What is the role of security patching in risk mitigation?

Accepted Answer

To address vulnerabilities in software and operating systems

Answer

To identify unauthorized access to systems

Answer

To encrypt sensitive data

Question 52

What is the primary function of a firewall in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules

Answer

To encrypt data transmitted over the network

Answer

To scan and quarantine malware

Question 53

What is the main purpose of a security incident response plan?

Accepted Answer

To guide the coordinated response to cybersecurity incidents

Answer

To assign blame for cybersecurity incidents

Answer

To prevent cybersecurity incidents from occurring