Nursing Care for Adults with Medical Conditions: Practice Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in a patient with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Periorbital edema

Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypertension

Question 2

What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing an acute asthma attack?

Accepted Answer

Administer a bronchodilator via a metered-dose inhaler

Answer

Insert a nasogastric tube

Answer

Monitor oxygen saturation

Answer

Elevate the patient's head

Question 3

Which of the following is the most common symptom of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Epigastric pain

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Oliguria

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 5

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?

Accepted Answer

Systemic hypertension

Answer

Anaemia

Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 6

Which of the following is the preferred initial treatment approach for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle modifications including diet and exercise

Answer

Bariatric surgery

Answer

Oral hypoglycaemic medications

Answer

Insulin therapy

Question 7

Which of the following is a potential life-threatening complication of an ischemic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhagic transformation

Answer

Renal failure

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 8

What is the most prevalent etiology of acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Gallstones

Answer

Alcohol abuse

Answer

Trauma

Answer

Viral infection

Question 9

Which of the following is a common early symptom of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath on exertion

Answer

Paralysis

Answer

Confusion

Answer

Jaundice

Question 10

What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a clear and patent airway

Answer

Administering antibiotics solely

Answer

Providing oxygen therapy primarily

Question 11

The primary nursing management priority for a patient with diabetes mellitus is:

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose monitoring and regulation

Answer

Mobility assistance

Answer

Pain management

Answer

Wound care management

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Resting tremors

Answer

Headaches

Answer

Incontinence

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 13

What is a fundamental purpose of a nursing care plan?

Accepted Answer

To outline individualized and holistic patient-centered care

Answer

To exclusively document patient progress

Answer

To solely communicate with other healthcare professionals

Question 14

Which of the following is a key ethical consideration in nursing practice?

Accepted Answer

Respecting patient autonomy

Answer

Maintaining professional status

Answer

Prioritizing convenience

Answer

Considering cost-effectiveness

Question 15

When assessing a patient's pain, the most important aspect to consider is:

Accepted Answer

The patient's own subjective report

Answer

Laboratory test results

Answer

Vital signs

Answer

Physical examination findings

Question 16

Which of the following is a legal obligation for nurses?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining patient confidentiality

Answer

Wearing a specific uniform

Answer

Completing continuing education annually

Answer

Performing all treatments as prescribed

Question 17

What is the primary role of a registered nurse (RN) within the healthcare team?

Accepted Answer

Providing direct patient care and coordinating interdisciplinary healthcare plans

Answer

Conducting independent research

Answer

Supervising healthcare assistants solely

Question 18

Which of the following is a well-established risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Low intake of unsaturated fats

Answer

Regular aerobic exercise

Answer

Maintaining a healthy body weight

Question 19

Which of the following is an early sign of respiratory distress?

Accepted Answer

Use of accessory muscles of respiration

Answer

Bradypnea

Answer

Cyanosis

Answer

Absence of breath sounds

Question 20

Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 21

Which of the following is a common symptom experienced by individuals during a stroke?

Accepted Answer

Sudden onset of weakness or numbness on one side of the body

Answer

Persistent dizziness

Answer

Gradual onset of headache

Question 22

Which of the following is a potential complication of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Gastrointestinal bleeding

Answer

Urinary tract infection

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Constipation

Question 23

Which of the following hormones plays a significant role in regulating calcium metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 24

A common clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism is:

Accepted Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Lethargy

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Cold intolerance

Question 25

For a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the recommended sleeping position is:

Accepted Answer

Elevated head of bed

Answer

Prone position

Answer

Sitting upright

Answer

Lying on left side

Question 26

A well-known risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus is:

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Smoking

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Young age

Question 27

In adults, the most common cause of seizures is:

Accepted Answer

Epilepsy

Answer

Brain tumor

Answer

Meningitis

Answer

Stroke

Question 28

Which of the following classes of medication is commonly used to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Beta-blocker

Answer

Antibiotic

Answer

Anti-inflammatory

Answer

Antidepressant

Question 29

In a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, how often should blood glucose levels be monitored?

Accepted Answer

Four to six times daily

Answer

Twice weekly

Answer

Monthly

Answer

Once daily

Question 30

A potential complication of pneumonia, if left untreated, is:

Accepted Answer

Empyema

Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

Myocardial infarction

Answer

Stroke

Question 31

The primary goal of nursing care for a patient with Parkinson's disease is to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain optimal function and quality of life

Answer

Manage pain

Answer

Prevent falls

Answer

Cure the disease

Question 32

Which of the following is the most common presenting symptom of hypertension in patients?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Blurred vision

Question 33

Which of the following is a potential life-threatening complication of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Perforation

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Question 34

What is the primary nursing goal when caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

To maintain stable blood glucose levels

Answer

To promote wound healing

Answer

To prevent infection

Answer

To manage pain

Question 35

Which of the following is a characteristic motor symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Tremors at rest

Answer

Impaired coordination

Answer

Seizures

Answer

Increased muscle tone

Question 36

What is the nurse's primary role in caring for a patient with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

To monitor symptoms, administer medications, and provide patient education

Answer

To perform surgery

Answer

To prescribe medications

Question 37

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for developing pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Gender

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Age

Question 38

When providing dietary recommendations to a patient with peptic ulcer disease, what type of diet should the nurse suggest?

Accepted Answer

Bland, low-fat diet

Answer

High-protein diet

Answer

High-fiber diet

Answer

Low-carbohydrate diet

Question 39

What is the primary nursing intervention when caring for a patient with Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

To provide a safe and supportive environment

Answer

To provide rehabilitation therapy

Answer

To administer medications

Answer

To manage pain

Question 40

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Glucagon

Question 41

Which ethical principle should guide decision-making when providing care to a patient with a terminal illness?

Accepted Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 42

During the assessment of a patient with type 1 diabetes, which parameter is **essential** to monitor **regularly**?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels

Answer

Respiratory rate

Answer

Apical heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 43

What is the primary function of insulin in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulates blood glucose levels

Answer

Stimulates the immune system

Answer

Controls blood pressure

Answer

Aids in digestion

Question 44

Which condition is characterized by chronic inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Arthritis

Question 45

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse **immediately** take?

Accepted Answer

Administer 15-20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates.

Answer

Administer insulin.

Answer

Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids.

Question 46

Which of the following is **not** a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Family history of heart disease.

Answer

High cholesterol.

Answer

Smoking.

Answer

Physical inactivity.

Question 47

A patient with pneumonia is receiving oxygen therapy. Which of the following nursing interventions is **most** important to monitor?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.

Answer

Blood pressure.

Answer

Pulse rate.

Answer

Temperature.

Question 48

A patient with diabetes is experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse **immediately** take?

Accepted Answer

Administer intravenous fluids and insulin.

Answer

Administer oral medications.

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels every hour.

Answer

Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids.

Question 49

A patient with Parkinson's disease is experiencing tremors. Which nursing intervention is **most** effective in reducing tremors?

Accepted Answer

Administer medications as prescribed.

Answer

Encourage the patient to perform range of motion exercises.

Answer

Provide a safe environment for the patient to ambulate.

Answer

Monitor the patient's blood pressure.

Question 50

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing shortness of breath. What is the MOST appropriate nursing intervention to address this symptom?

Accepted Answer

Administer oxygen therapy as prescribed.

Answer

Encourage the patient to sit upright.

Answer

Restrict fluid intake.

Answer

Administer a bronchodilator medication as prescribed.

Question 51

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Administer insulin as prescribed.

Answer

Encourage the patient to drink fluids.

Answer

Administer oral hypoglycemic medication as prescribed.

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels frequently.

Question 52

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) is experiencing peripheral edema. Which nursing intervention is MOST effective in reducing edema?

Accepted Answer

Elevate the patient's legs.

Answer

Administer diuretic medication as prescribed.

Answer

Apply compression stockings.

Answer

Restrict fluid intake as prescribed.

Question 53

A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is experiencing abdominal pain. Which question should the nurse ask FIRST?

Accepted Answer

When did the pain start?

Answer

What medications are you taking?

Answer

Have you had any blood in your stool?

Answer

What did you eat today?

Question 54

A patient who has had a stroke is experiencing right-sided weakness. What is the MOST important nursing intervention to prevent complications?

Accepted Answer

Position the patient on their left side to prevent aspiration.

Answer

Monitor vital signs closely.

Answer

Encourage the patient to perform passive range of motion exercises.

Question 55

A patient with chronic kidney disease is on a fluid restriction. Which nursing intervention is MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Monitor fluid intake and output accurately.

Answer

Encourage the patient to drink fluids within their prescribed limits.

Answer

Administer diuretic medication as prescribed.

Question 56

A patient with asthma is experiencing an acute asthma attack. What action should the nurse take FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Administer bronchodilator medication as prescribed.

Answer

Place the patient in a high-Fowler's position.

Answer

Assess the patient's respiratory status.

Question 57

A patient with a history of heart failure is experiencing dyspnea and orthopnea. Which nursing intervention is MOST helpful?

Accepted Answer

Elevate the head of the bed.

Answer

Administer oxygen therapy as prescribed.

Answer

Encourage the patient to rest.

Answer

Monitor vital signs closely.

Question 58

A patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is being discharged home. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Teach the patient about blood glucose monitoring and insulin administration.

Answer

Advise the patient to avoid strenuous activity.

Answer

Encourage the patient to eat a healthy diet.

Question 59

A patient with Parkinson's disease is experiencing tremors and rigidity. Which nursing intervention is MOST effective in managing these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Assist the patient with ambulation and activities of daily living (ADLs).

Answer

Encourage the patient to participate in physical therapy.

Answer

Monitor the patient's vital signs closely.

Answer

Administer anti-depressant medication as prescribed.