Embryonic Development: A Comprehensive Guide for Psychology Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a stage of embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Fetus

Answer

Zygote

Answer

Morula

Answer

Blastocyst

Question 2

When does the process of gastrulation occur in embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Third to fourth week

Answer

First two weeks

Answer

Fifth to eighth week

Answer

Ninth to twelfth week

Question 3

Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system in embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the neural tube in embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

It gives rise to the digestive system

Answer

It forms the central nervous system

Answer

It develops from the ectoderm

Answer

It completely closes by the end of the fourth week

Question 5

Which of the following is the initial stage of embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Zygote formation

Answer

Embryoblast formation

Answer

Blastocyst formation

Answer

Morula formation

Question 6

What is the process by which the zygote divides into multiple cells called?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Neurulation

Answer

Differentiation

Question 7

Which embryonic layer gives rise to the nervous system and skin?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Answer

Neural tube

Question 8

When does gastrulation typically occur in human embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Third week of gestation

Answer

First week of gestation

Answer

Second week of gestation

Answer

Fourth week of gestation

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the embryonic period?

Accepted Answer

Completion of gestation

Answer

Rapid cell division and growth

Answer

Formation of major organ systems

Answer

Development of external features

Question 10

Approximately how long does the human embryonic period last?

Accepted Answer

8 weeks

Answer

4 weeks

Answer

12 weeks

Answer

16 weeks

Question 11

Which of the following events typically occurs during the third week of embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Formation of the neural tube

Answer

Development of the heart

Answer

Appearance of limb buds

Answer

Differentiation of major organs

Question 12

What is the process by which cells in the embryo become specialized to perform specific functions called?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Neurulation

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a stage of embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Fetal development

Answer

Zygote formation

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis

Question 14

When does the embryo enter the gastrula stage, forming three distinct germ layers?

Accepted Answer

Gastrula stage

Answer

2-cell stage

Answer

Blastocyst stage

Question 15

Which of the following correctly describes the first stage of embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Zygote formation

Answer

Embryonic disc formation occurs after the zygote stage.

Answer

Gastrulation, where the three primary germ layers are formed, occurs after blastocyst formation.

Answer

Blastocyst formation is a later stage in embryonic development.

Question 16

The critical process that establishes the body's basic structural framework is:

Accepted Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis involves the formation of specific organs, which happens after germ layer formation.

Answer

Segmentation occurs during later embryonic development.

Answer

Differentiation leads to specialized cell types, not the formation of germ layers.

Question 17

A key characteristic of the embryonic period is:

Accepted Answer

Rapid cell division and differentiation

Answer

Formation of major organ systems primarily occurs during the fetal period.

Answer

Growth and maturation of organs is more characteristic of the fetal period.

Question 18

During which period of embryonic development does the crucial formation of the neural tube occur?

Accepted Answer

Third week

Answer

The second week focuses on the formation of the embryonic disc.

Answer

The fourth week is when the major organ systems start to form.

Answer

The first week mainly involves zygote formation and cleavage.

Question 19

Which of the following is a known teratogen, a substance that can harm embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol

Answer

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that supports healthy development.

Answer

Calcium is crucial for bone development.

Answer

Folic acid is essential for proper neural tube development.

Question 20

The entire period from fertilization to birth, encompassing all stages of development, is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Gestation

Answer

The embryonic period only covers the first eight weeks of development.

Answer

The perinatal period is around the time of birth.

Answer

The fetal period is from the ninth week of development until birth.

Question 21

The outermost layer of the embryo, which later forms part of the placenta, is called:

Accepted Answer

Trophoblast

Answer

Ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers, not the outermost.

Answer

Mesoderm is the middle germ layer, not the outermost.

Answer

Endoderm is one of the three primary germ layers, not the outermost.

Question 22

The process by which cells develop specialized structures and functions during embryonic development is:

Accepted Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Proliferation is the rapid cell division that occurs during embryonic development.

Answer

Migration is the movement of cells to their final destinations in the developing embryo.

Answer

Apoptosis is the programmed cell death that helps shape developing structures.

Question 23

During gastrulation, the embryo undergoes a process of rearrangement to form three distinct germ layers. Which of the following is NOT a germ layer?

Accepted Answer

Placenta

Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Question 24

Which stage of embryonic development is characterized by the formation of the zygote?

Accepted Answer

Zygote

Answer

Blastula

Answer

Gastrula

Answer

Embryo

Question 25

The inner cell mass of a blastocyst will eventually give rise to:

Accepted Answer

The embryo

Answer

The umbilical cord

Answer

The placenta

Question 26

Which of the following processes occurs during gastrulation?

Accepted Answer

Formation of the three germ layers

Answer

Neural tube formation

Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Implantation

Question 27

The period of embryonic development that spans from weeks 3 to 8 is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Embryonic period

Answer

Gestational period

Answer

Fetal period

Answer

Zygote period

Question 28

The notochord is a transient structure that plays a critical role in:

Accepted Answer

Neural tube formation

Answer

Heart development

Answer

Respiratory system development

Answer

Limb development

Question 29

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are the three primary germ layers that give rise to:

Accepted Answer

All tissues and organs in the body

Answer

Only the nervous system

Answer

Only the skin and digestive system

Answer

Only the muscles and bones

Question 30

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of the fetal period?

Accepted Answer

Rapid growth and significant organ development

Answer

Differentiation of cells

Answer

Formation of the placenta

Question 31

The process by which a blastocyst implants into the wall of the uterus is known as:

Accepted Answer

Implantation

Answer

Embryogenesis

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis

Question 32

Which structure within the embryo provides nourishment?

Accepted Answer

Yolk sac

Answer

Amniotic sac

Answer

Chorion

Answer

Allantois

Question 33

The process that leads to the formation of the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) is called:

Accepted Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Neurulation

Question 34

Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Chorion

Answer

Endoderm

Question 35

The initial eight-week period of embryonic development is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Embryonic period

Answer

Fetal period

Answer

Blastocyst stage

Answer

Zygote stage

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a function of the amnion?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient exchange

Answer

Waste elimination

Answer

Fluid-filled cushion

Answer

Protection

Question 37

The attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall is termed:

Accepted Answer

Implantation

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Gastrulation

Question 38

Which process describes the formation of specific organs and tissues during embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Implantation

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Neurulation

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a stage in embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Fetal period

Answer

Implantation

Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Gastrulation

Question 40

What is the process by which the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) form during gastrulation?

Accepted Answer

Cell movement and differentiation

Answer

Gene expression

Answer

Fusion of germ cells

Answer

Cleavage

Question 41

Which of the following structures develops from the ectoderm?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Answer

Muscles

Answer

Bones

Question 42

What is the name of the temporary connection between the embryo and the uterine wall, allowing for nutrient exchange?

Accepted Answer

Placenta

Answer

Chorion

Answer

Yolk sac

Answer

Amniotic sac

Question 43

During which week of gestation does the heart begin to beat?

Accepted Answer

4th week

Answer

8th week

Answer

2nd week

Answer

6th week

Question 44

What is the term for the process by which the embryo implants into the uterine wall?

Accepted Answer

Nidation

Answer

Gestation

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Parturition

Question 45

What is the name of the fluid-filled cavity that surrounds the developing embryo?

Accepted Answer

Amniotic sac

Answer

Chorion

Answer

Yolk sac

Answer

Placenta

Question 46

What is the approximate length of the embryonic period?

Accepted Answer

8 weeks

Answer

12 weeks

Answer

16 weeks

Answer

4 weeks

Question 47

Which of the following processes begins the embryonic period?

Accepted Answer

Implantation of the blastocyst in the uterine lining

Answer

Cleavage of the zygote

Answer

Formation of the zygote

Question 48

The development of the embryo's organs and tissues from the three primary germ layers is known as:

Accepted Answer

Organogenesis

Answer

Neurulation

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Cleavage

Question 49

Which germ layer gives rise to the skin, hair, and nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Question 50

The formation of the neural tube, which will become the brain and spinal cord, occurs during:

Accepted Answer

Neurulation

Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Gastrulation

Answer

Organogenesis

Question 51

Which process eliminates unneeded cells during embryonic development, shaping structures like fingers and toes?

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis

Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Mitosis

Question 52

Exposure to harmful agents during the embryonic period can lead primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Structural birth defects

Answer

Behavioral problems

Answer

Minor physical abnormalities

Answer

Low birth weight

Question 53

Why is the embryonic period considered a critical stage in development?

Accepted Answer

Major organ systems are forming and are highly susceptible to damage.

Answer

The embryo's sex is determined.

Answer

The embryo is highly resilient to environmental factors.

Question 54

A common ethical concern raised regarding research on embryonic development centers on:

Accepted Answer

The moral status of the embryo and potential for harm.

Answer

The lack of funding for such research.

Answer

The limited availability of human embryos for study.