Job Analysis and Design: A Comprehensive Guide for Psychology Students

Question 1

In job analysis, which data collection method employs standardized questions for multiple job holders to ensure consistent and comparable responses?

Accepted Answer

Structured Interviews

Answer

Informal Interviews

Answer

Observation

Answer

Participant Diaries

Question 2

Which step is essential in the job analysis process?

Accepted Answer

Creating a job description

Answer

Hiring for the position

Answer

Evaluating job performance

Answer

Setting compensation and benefits

Question 3

Which of these methods is NOT typically used in job analysis?

Accepted Answer

Performance appraisal

Answer

Observation

Answer

Structured interviews

Answer

Questionnaires

Question 4

What is the main reason for conducting a job analysis?

Accepted Answer

To determine the tasks, duties, and requirements of a job.

Answer

To create training programs for new employees.

Answer

To evaluate the performance of employees in a job.

Answer

To decide on the salary and benefits for a job.

Question 5

What is a key goal of job design?

Accepted Answer

Boosting employee motivation and satisfaction

Answer

Minimizing production expenses

Answer

Making jobs challenging to fill

Question 6

Describe the ethical principles and guidelines that should guide job analysis and design processes to ensure fairness and prevent bias against job candidates.

Accepted Answer

Use job descriptions that are inclusive and avoid gendered language.

Accepted Answer

Involve a diverse range of stakeholders in the job analysis process.

Answer

Rely solely on subjective measures like interviews when collecting job analysis data.

Answer

Design jobs that are tailored to the specific needs of particular individuals.

Question 7

Design a software engineer job that incorporates the principles of job enrichment: variety, autonomy, feedback, and skill development. Explain how these principles enhance employee motivation and satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A software engineer role with diverse programming tasks, freedom in choosing development approaches, regular performance reviews, and opportunities for training to acquire new technologies.

Answer

A software engineer role with repetitive tasks, limited decision-making authority, no formal performance evaluation system, and minimal training opportunities.

Answer

A software engineer role with an excessive workload, constant interruptions, no breaks, and inadequate resources or support.

Answer

A software engineer role solely focused on coding, with no involvement in design, testing, or collaboration.

Question 8

Which job analysis data collection method involves direct observation of workers performing their tasks?

Accepted Answer

Observation

Answer

Questionnaire

Answer

Job diary

Answer

Interview

Question 9

What is the primary goal of job enrichment?

Accepted Answer

To enhance employee motivation and job satisfaction

Answer

To improve product quality

Answer

To reduce employee absenteeism

Question 10

Which performance appraisal method involves comparing an employee's performance to predetermined standards?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)

Answer

MBO

Answer

Ranking

Answer

360-degree feedback

Question 11

What is the key distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation originates from within, while extrinsic motivation is derived from external rewards

Answer

Intrinsic motivation leads to superior performance

Answer

Extrinsic motivation is more effective than intrinsic motivation

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of a job description?

Accepted Answer

To provide a written account of the duties, responsibilities, and qualification requirements of a job

Answer

To develop training and development programs

Answer

To attract and hire new employees

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of job analysis?

Accepted Answer

To punish employees

Answer

To identify job requirements

Answer

To evaluate job performance

Answer

To design training programs

Question 14

Which data collection method is most suited for job analysis when it is important to observe the employee's work behavior directly?

Accepted Answer

Observation

Answer

Questionnaires

Answer

Job diaries

Answer

Interviews

Question 15

What is the key difference between a job description and a job specification?

Accepted Answer

A job description describes the job's duties and responsibilities, while a job specification outlines the qualifications and skills required to perform the job.

Answer

There is no difference between a job description and a job specification.

Question 16

Which job design technique involves combining multiple jobs into a single job?

Accepted Answer

Job enlargement

Answer

Job redesign

Answer

Job rotation

Answer

Job enrichment

Question 17

Which of the following is a technique for job enrichment?

Accepted Answer

Giving employees more responsibility and autonomy

Answer

Providing employees with more training

Answer

Increasing the number of breaks employees are given

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of a job rotation program?

Accepted Answer

To provide employees with experience in different jobs

Answer

To reduce employee turnover

Answer

To increase employee motivation

Question 19

How does technology impact job design?

Accepted Answer

Technology can be used to automate tasks, create new jobs, and change the way jobs are performed.

Answer

Technology can only be used to automate tasks.

Answer

Technology has no role in job design.

Question 20

What is the primary aim of job design?

Accepted Answer

To create jobs that are both efficient and fulfilling for employees.

Answer

To increase customer satisfaction

Answer

To reduce employee turnover

Question 21

How does task analysis differ from job analysis?

Accepted Answer

Task analysis examines specific job tasks, while job analysis focuses on the overall job.

Answer

Job analysis is more subjective than task analysis.

Answer

Task analysis is used for performance appraisal, while job analysis is used for job design.

Question 22

What is the purpose of a job specification?

Accepted Answer

To outline the requirements and qualifications necessary to perform a job effectively.

Answer

To identify potential candidates for a job.

Answer

To describe the tasks and responsibilities of a job.

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a job design technique?

Accepted Answer

Job enlargement

Answer

Performance appraisal

Answer

Workforce scheduling

Answer

Employee training

Question 24

How are job analysis and job evaluation related?

Accepted Answer

Job analysis provides information that is used in job evaluation.

Answer

Job analysis and job evaluation are unrelated processes.

Answer

Job evaluation is a prerequisite for job analysis.

Question 25

Why is job analysis crucial in organizational development?

Accepted Answer

It serves as a foundation for various HR practices, such as recruitment, selection, and training.

Answer

It helps organizations identify potential legal liabilities.

Answer

It improves employee morale and satisfaction.

Question 26

Which of the following is a critical step in job analysis?

Accepted Answer

Collecting comprehensive data about the job's tasks, duties, and responsibilities

Answer

Creating a new job description

Answer

Recruiting and hiring new employees

Answer

Assessing employee performance

Question 27

What is the primary goal of job design?

Accepted Answer

To align jobs with organizational objectives and employee capabilities

Answer

To create a safe and comfortable work environment

Answer

To prevent employee boredom

Question 28

Which of the following factors does NOT influence job analysis and design?

Accepted Answer

Employee age

Answer

Economic conditions

Answer

Technological advancements

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of a job description in job analysis and design?

Accepted Answer

To provide a comprehensive written record of the job's tasks, duties, and responsibilities

Answer

To identify specific skills and qualifications required for the job

Answer

To assess the effectiveness of a job design

Question 30

Which method of job analysis involves direct observation of employees performing their tasks?

Accepted Answer

Observational method

Answer

Interview method

Answer

Questionnaire method

Question 31

What is a key consideration in effective job design?

Accepted Answer

Matching job demands to employee abilities and aspirations

Answer

Creating an aesthetically pleasing workplace

Answer

Eliminating employee stress

Answer

Maximizing employee productivity at all costs

Question 32

Which type of job design allows employees to rotate between different tasks and responsibilities?

Accepted Answer

Job rotation

Answer

Job enlargement

Answer

Job enrichment

Answer

Flexible working

Question 33

What is a potential benefit of job analysis in workforce assessment and selection?

Accepted Answer

It helps organizations identify candidates with the most suitable skills and qualifications for the job

Answer

It guarantees employee satisfaction

Answer

It reduces the time needed to hire new employees

Question 34

Which of the following characteristics indicates a well-designed job?

Accepted Answer

It provides opportunities for continuous learning, skill development, and professional growth

Answer

It is highly repetitive and monotonous

Answer

It requires minimal training and supervision

Question 35

How does job analysis and design contribute to increased workplace productivity and efficiency?

Accepted Answer

It enables organizations to optimize work processes, reduce waste, and increase output

Answer

It primarily reduces employee absenteeism and turnover

Answer

It solely enhances employee motivation and engagement

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a recognized method of job analysis?

Accepted Answer

Subjective opinion

Answer

Work diaries

Answer

Questionnaires

Answer

Interviews

Question 37

What is the central aim of job design?

Accepted Answer

To align job requirements with employee competencies.

Answer

To reduce employee motivation

Answer

To increase employee workload

Question 38

What is the primary advantage of using a job description in job analysis?

Accepted Answer

It provides a comprehensive overview of a job's duties.

Answer

It eliminates the need for observation

Answer

It reduces the need for interviews

Question 39

What is the purpose of a task inventory in job analysis?

Accepted Answer

To list all tasks performed within a job.

Answer

To identify the essential duties of a job

Answer

To evaluate employee performance

Question 40

What is an advantage of using a behavioural event interview in job analysis?

Accepted Answer

It gathers specific examples of job-related behaviours.

Answer

It saves time and resources

Answer

It reduces interviewer bias

Question 41

What is the primary purpose of job analysis?

Accepted Answer

To determine the specific tasks, responsibilities, and qualifications necessary to perform a job

Answer

To determine employee salaries

Answer

To evaluate employee performance

Question 42

What is the term used to describe the specific, observable actions that make up a job?

Accepted Answer

Tasks

Answer

Knowledge

Answer

Competencies

Answer

Skills

Question 43

Which method of job analysis involves gathering information by directly observing the job incumbent performing their tasks?

Accepted Answer

Observation

Answer

Interview

Answer

Questionnaire

Answer

Critical incident

Question 44

What is the process called that involves designing a job to make it satisfying, motivating, and efficient?

Accepted Answer

Job design

Answer

Job enrichment

Answer

Job rotation

Answer

Work simplification

Question 45

Which of the following factors influences job design?

Accepted Answer

Technological advancements, organizational culture, and employee preferences

Answer

None of the above

Answer

Organizational culture only

Answer

Employee preferences only

Question 46

What is the primary role of the job analyst in job design?

Accepted Answer

To gather and provide information about the job and the incumbent's performance

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of job design

Answer

To make all final decisions about job design

Question 47

What is the ultimate goal of job analysis and design?

Accepted Answer

To improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being

Answer

To satisfy employee needs only

Answer

To reduce costs

Answer

To comply with regulations only