Theories of Work Motivation: Multiple Choice Quiz

Question 1

Which theory of work motivation posits that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs, with lower-level needs taking precedence over higher-level needs?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer

Herzberg's two-factor theory

Answer

Equity theory

Answer

Expectancy theory

Question 2

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which factors are considered 'motivators'?

Accepted Answer

Factors that lead to job satisfaction (e.g., recognition, achievement)

Answer

Factors that contribute to both job satisfaction and dissatisfaction

Answer

Factors that prevent job dissatisfaction (e.g., working conditions, company policies)

Question 3

Which theory of work motivation emphasizes that individuals are motivated when they believe that their efforts will lead to desired outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy theory

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer

Reinforcement theory

Answer

Equity theory

Question 4

Which criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory suggests that it oversimplifies the complexity of human motivation?

Accepted Answer

It is too simplistic

Answer

It is hierarchical

Answer

It is difficult to operationalize

Question 5

Which type of motivation is derived from internal factors, such as personal growth or satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation

Answer

Achievement motivation

Answer

Social motivation

Answer

Extrinsic motivation

Question 6

Which theory of work motivation suggests that individuals are motivated to maintain fairness and equity in their work environment?

Accepted Answer

Equity theory

Answer

Herzberg's two-factor theory

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer

Expectancy theory

Question 7

According to expectancy theory, which three components influence an employee's motivation?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy, instrumentality, valence

Answer

Equity, fairness, justice

Answer

Hygiene factors, motivators

Answer

Needs, goals, values

Question 8

How can Herzberg's two-factor theory be applied to enhance employee motivation?

Accepted Answer

By prioritizing the fulfillment of motivators (e.g., providing recognition and growth opportunities)

Answer

By providing general training and development

Answer

By eliminating hygiene factors (e.g., improving working conditions)

Question 9

Which limitation should be considered when using work motivation theories to predict employee behavior?

Accepted Answer

Theories may not fully capture the complexity and variability of individual motivations

Answer

Theories are only applicable to specific work settings

Answer

Theories are based on outdated research and evidence

Question 10

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory proposes that:

Accepted Answer

Motivators contribute to job satisfaction, while hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction

Answer

Both motivators and hygiene factors contribute to job satisfaction

Answer

Hygiene factors contribute to job satisfaction, while motivators prevent dissatisfaction

Question 11

Expectancy theory suggests that motivation is determined by:

Accepted Answer

Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

Answer

Needs, drives, and aspirations

Answer

Intrinsic, extrinsic, and social factors

Answer

Equity, comparison, and self-efficacy

Question 12

In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, an example of a motivator is:

Accepted Answer

Recognition

Answer

Supervision

Answer

Working conditions

Answer

Company policies

Question 13

According to expectancy theory:

Accepted Answer

Individuals are more likely to engage in behaviors when they expect positive outcomes

Answer

Individuals are more likely to engage in behaviors when they receive extrinsic rewards

Answer

Individuals are more likely to engage in behaviors when they have high self-efficacy

Question 14

A limitation of expectancy theory is that:

Accepted Answer

Measuring expectancy, instrumentality, and valence can be challenging

Answer

It does not consider contextual factors

Answer

It is only relevant to individual employees

Question 15

Which of Maslow's needs is considered the most fundamental and essential for survival?

Accepted Answer

Physiological needs

Answer

Love and belonging needs

Answer

Safety needs

Answer

Self-actualization needs

Question 16

Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that which of the following factors are motivators?

Accepted Answer

Achievement, recognition, growth

Answer

Job security, interpersonal relationships, working conditions

Answer

Company policies, supervision, salary

Question 17

According to expectancy theory, an individual's motivation to perform a task is determined by their:

Accepted Answer

Perceived effort, probability of success, value of the outcome

Answer

Attitudes, beliefs, and values

Answer

Needs, drives, and incentives

Question 18

Which theory suggests that individuals are driven to reduce tension caused by unmet needs?

Accepted Answer

Drive theory

Answer

Expectancy theory

Answer

Goal-setting theory

Answer

Equity theory

Question 19

Reinforcement theory states that behaviors that are rewarded are:

Accepted Answer

More likely to be repeated

Answer

Less likely to be repeated

Answer

Not affected by rewards

Answer

Sometimes repeated, sometimes not

Question 20

A significant limitation of theories of work motivation is that:

Accepted Answer

They may not be applicable to all individuals or situations

Answer

They are based solely on research conducted in Western cultures

Answer

They are overly complex and difficult to understand

Question 21

An employee who is motivated primarily by extrinsic factors is likely to be driven by:

Accepted Answer

Financial rewards, recognition, and status

Answer

Social relationships and a sense of belonging

Answer

Intrinsic satisfaction, personal growth, and autonomy

Question 22

Goal-setting theory proposes that:

Accepted Answer

Specific, challenging goals enhance motivation

Answer

Goals should be easily achievable to avoid frustration

Answer

Goals should only be set for long-term projects

Question 23

Equity theory suggests that employees are motivated when they perceive their rewards:

Accepted Answer

Are fair in relation to their inputs and others' rewards

Answer

Are greater than those of their peers

Answer

Are guaranteed regardless of their performance

Question 24

Which of the following is considered a best practice for motivating employees?

Accepted Answer

Tailoring motivation strategies to individual needs and preferences

Answer

Focusing solely on extrinsic rewards

Answer

Applying a one-size-fits-all approach to motivation

Question 25

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is the highest-level need, representing a person's desire for personal growth and fulfillment?

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization

Answer

Safety and security

Answer

Love and belonging

Answer

Physiological needs

Question 26

Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that factors that lead to job satisfaction and motivation are known as:

Accepted Answer

Motivators

Answer

Extrinsic factors

Answer

Hygiene factors

Question 27

Expectancy theory considers the relationship between:

Accepted Answer

Effort, performance, and rewards

Answer

Needs, goals, and motivation

Answer

Motives, incentives, and reinforcement

Question 28

Herzberg's two-factor theory can be utilized for:

Accepted Answer

Improving job design by identifying motivators and hygiene factors that influence employee satisfaction

Answer

Evaluating employee compensation and benefits packages

Answer

Assessing individual motivation levels and predicting employee performance

Question 29

Which of the following is a limitation of using theories of work motivation to improve employee performance?

Accepted Answer

They may not fully account for individual differences, cultural factors, and situational constraints

Answer

They rely on outdated research and do not reflect current understanding of motivation

Answer

They are too complex and difficult to implement in real-world settings

Question 30

The concept of psychological empowerment, characterized by feelings of competence, autonomy, and self-determination, is associated with which theory of work motivation?

Accepted Answer

Self-Determination Theory

Answer

Expectancy Theory

Answer

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Answer

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the strength of an individual's work motivation?

Accepted Answer

The color of their workspace

Answer

The perceived value of rewards and recognition

Answer

The level of task challenge and autonomy

Question 32

Contemporary theories of work motivation emphasize the importance of:

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation, self-determination, and the fulfillment of psychological needs

Answer

Job security and stability as key factors in employee satisfaction

Answer

Close supervision and control as essential for maintaining high levels of motivation

Answer

External rewards and punishments as the primary drivers of motivation

Question 33

Which theory of work motivation posits that employees are driven by their expectations of attaining desired outcomes from their actions?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy theory

Answer

Reinforcement theory

Answer

Equity theory

Answer

Goal-setting theory

Question 34

A manager seeks to enhance employee motivation by assigning challenging tasks and providing opportunities for professional growth. Which theory of work motivation aligns best with this approach?

Accepted Answer

Achievement motivation theory

Answer

Need theory

Answer

Equity theory

Question 35

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is a key motivational factor?

Accepted Answer

Recognition

Answer

Working conditions

Answer

Company policies

Question 36

In expectancy theory, which component refers to an employee's belief that their performance will lead to desired rewards?

Accepted Answer

Instrumentality

Answer

Valence

Answer

Expectancy

Answer

Equity

Question 37

Which of the following is a practical application of the reinforcement theory of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Implementing rewards to reinforce desired behaviors

Answer

Creating a positive work environment

Answer

Performance appraisal

Answer

Goal setting

Question 38

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which requirement takes precedence over all others?

Accepted Answer

Physiological needs

Answer

Safety and security

Answer

Social interaction and love

Answer

Recognition and esteem

Question 39

Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishes between elements that:

Accepted Answer

Motivate and demotivate

Answer

Fulfill lower and higher needs

Answer

Are intrinsic and extrinsic

Answer

Increase and decrease performance

Question 40

Expectancy theory suggests that motivation is influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

Answer

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors

Answer

Needs, rewards, and incentives

Answer

Equity and reinforcement

Question 41

Which critique of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

It is universally applicable to all individuals

Answer

It does not account for cultural variations

Answer

It lacks empirical support

Answer

It oversimplifies human motivation

Question 42

Which theory assumes that individuals are rational and driven by self-interest?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy theory

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer

Equity theory

Answer

Herzberg's two-factor theory

Question 43

Maslow's theory posits that needs lower in the hierarchy must be satisfied before:

Accepted Answer

Higher needs become relevant

Answer

Lower needs can be fully met

Answer

Lower needs become less significant

Answer

Higher needs become more pressing

Question 44

According to Herzberg's theory, hygiene factors primarily aim to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent dissatisfaction

Answer

Fulfill higher-level needs

Answer

Drive high performance

Answer

Create intrinsic satisfaction

Question 45

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following factors are related to job dissatisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Hygiene factors

Answer

Social factors

Answer

Biological factors

Answer

Motivators

Question 46

Expectancy theory predicts that motivation is determined by:

Accepted Answer

Expectancy, valence, and instrumentality

Answer

Needs, goals, and values

Answer

Drive, reinforcement, and punishment

Answer

Hierarchy, esteem, and safety

Question 47

Which type of motivation is driven by internal rewards or personal interest?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation

Answer

Extrinsic motivation

Answer

Social motivation

Answer

Arousal motivation

Question 48

Equity theory suggests that employees strive to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain a fair balance between their contributions and rewards

Answer

Avoid punishments at all costs

Answer

Seek the highest possible rewards

Question 49

Which of the following is a key characteristic of goal-setting theory?

Accepted Answer

Goals are more likely to be achieved if they are specific, challenging, and achievable

Answer

Goals should be set by management

Answer

Goals should be revised frequently

Question 50

Which theory of work motivation focuses on the importance of competence and self-growth?

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory

Answer

Cognitive evaluation theory

Answer

Social identity theory

Answer

Drive theory

Question 51

One potential limitation of work motivation theories is that:

Accepted Answer

They may not be equally applicable to all individuals or situations

Answer

They provide a comprehensive explanation of motivation

Answer

They are always accurate in predicting motivation levels

Question 52

How can understanding work motivation theories be beneficial in the workplace?

Accepted Answer

It can help managers create more motivating work environments and increase productivity

Answer

It eliminates the need for performance management

Answer

It guarantees employee satisfaction