Ethics 101: Delve into the Fundamentals of Right and Wrong

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ethics?

Accepted Answer

It is relative and varies from person to person.

Answer

It is concerned with human flourishing.

Answer

It is concerned with right and wrong conduct.

Answer

It is based on reason.

Question 2

Which of the following is a key principle of utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

An action is right if it maximizes happiness or pleasure.

Answer

An action is right if it follows universal moral laws.

Answer

An action is right if it develops good character traits.

Answer

An action is right if it is motivated by pure intentions.

Question 3

Which of the following is a virtue according to Aristotle?

Accepted Answer

Courage

Answer

Envy

Answer

Pride

Answer

Selfishness

Question 4

Which characteristic is central to virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Cultivating positive character traits

Answer

Prioritizing positive outcomes

Answer

Following rules strictly

Answer

Categorizing actions as right or wrong

Question 5

Which characteristic is NOT a feature of ethical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing self-interest

Answer

Considering the consequences

Answer

Being impartial

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a key component of ethics?

Accepted Answer

Personal biases

Answer

Principles

Answer

Reasoning

Answer

Values

Question 7

According to Aristotle, the ultimate goal of human life is to achieve:

Accepted Answer

Eudaimonia (flourishing)

Answer

Power

Answer

Pleasure

Answer

Wealth

Question 8

Which ethical theory emphasizes the consequences of actions rather than the intentions behind them?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Existentialism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 9

According to Kantian ethics, an action is morally right if it:

Accepted Answer

Conforms to the categorical imperative (universal moral law).

Answer

Promotes virtue

Answer

Produces good consequences

Answer

Is consistent with social norms

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

It focuses on developing virtuous character traits.

Answer

It ignores the role of reason in moral decision-making.

Answer

It is based on maximizing happiness.

Answer

It relies solely on abstract moral principles.

Question 11

According to existentialism, humans are ultimately responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Creating their own meaning and purpose in life.

Answer

Following religious commandments.

Answer

Seeking external validation.

Answer

Conforming to societal expectations.

Question 12

Which of the following is a central principle of ethical relativism?

Accepted Answer

Moral values and truths are relative to different cultures and societies

Answer

Moral judgments are derived solely from personal preferences

Answer

There is an unchanging, universally applicable moral code

Question 13

According to natural law theory, moral laws originate from:

Accepted Answer

The inherent nature and characteristics of human beings

Answer

Cultural norms and traditions

Answer

Subjective interpretations of right and wrong

Answer

Divine revelation or religious authority

Question 14

A common criticism of utilitarianism is that it:

Accepted Answer

May justify sacrificing the well-being of individuals for the greater happiness of the majority

Answer

Is overly idealistic and impractical

Answer

Relies too heavily on subjective emotional responses

Question 15

Which of these is NOT considered a main type of ethical theory?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology

Answer

Consequentialism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 16

The most accurate definition of ethics is:

Accepted Answer

The study of the nature of right and wrong conduct

Answer

The study of religious beliefs

Answer

The study of the natural world

Answer

The study of human behavior

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of ethical theories?

Accepted Answer

To provide frameworks for understanding and evaluating moral judgments

Answer

To prescribe specific rules for behavior

Answer

To promote happiness and well-being

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of virtue?

Accepted Answer

It is a natural, innate quality possessed by all individuals

Answer

It is a disposition to act in accordance with moral principles

Answer

It is a state of moral excellence

Answer

It is a positive quality of character

Question 19

Which element is central to ethical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Examining the potential consequences of different actions

Answer

Relying solely on emotional responses

Answer

Appealing to external authorities for guidance

Answer

Adhering strictly to established rules

Question 20

Why is the study of ethics valuable?

Accepted Answer

To develop critical thinking skills and moral reasoning abilities

Answer

Solely to become morally superior to others

Answer

To guarantee immunity from making mistakes

Answer

Primarily to pass examinations

Question 21

What is the basis of utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

The greatest happiness for the greatest number

Answer

The golden rule

Answer

The social contract

Answer

The categorical imperative

Question 22

What is the main principle of deontology?

Accepted Answer

Actions are right or wrong in themselves

Answer

The greatest happiness for the greatest number

Answer

The greatest good for the greatest number

Answer

The ends justify the means