Social Mobility: Movement Between Social Classes

Question 1

What are two factors that influence social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Education

Accepted Answer

Income

Answer

Gender

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a type of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Geographic mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Vertical mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 3

Which of the following is a key factor that positively influences social mobility in contemporary societies?

Accepted Answer

Access to high-quality education

Answer

Female gender identity

Answer

Minority ethnic background

Answer

Advanced age

Question 4

The term 'structural mobility' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Changes in the social structure that create new opportunities and barriers to mobility.

Answer

Mobility based solely on individual effort and merit.

Answer

Movement of individuals between different social classes or strata.

Question 5

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of socialization and cultural transmission in maintaining social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Conflict Theory

Answer

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer

Feminist Theory

Question 6

Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of high levels of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Weakened social cohesion

Answer

Reduced income inequality

Answer

Improved educational attainment

Answer

Greater job opportunities

Question 7

The 'glass ceiling' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Barriers that prevent certain groups, such as women and ethnic minorities, from advancing to higher-level positions.

Answer

The belief that individuals can achieve any social status they desire if they work hard enough.

Answer

The tendency for social mobility to slow down as individuals age.

Question 8

Which of the following is a limitation of using occupational status as a measure of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

It does not fully capture differences in job quality, earnings, and job security.

Answer

It is difficult to collect data on occupational status.

Answer

It assumes that all occupations have equal prestige.

Question 9

The concept of 'intergenerational mobility' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The movement of individuals in relation to their parents' or guardians' social positions.

Answer

The movement of individuals across national borders.

Answer

The movement of individuals within their own social class.

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential benefit of social mobility for society?

Accepted Answer

Increased social diversity and inclusion

Answer

Loss of traditional values

Answer

Reduced job satisfaction

Answer

Increased social isolation

Question 11

Social mobility is often measured using:

Accepted Answer

Index of Intergenerational Occupational Status (IIOS)

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Answer

Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer

Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Question 12

Which of the following is not a type of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Geographic mobility

Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Downward mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a key factor affecting social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Income

Answer

Education

Answer

Occupation

Question 14

According to sociological literature, which type of mobility involves a change in social status within a single generation?

Accepted Answer

Intragenerational Mobility

Answer

Intergenerational Mobility

Answer

Absolute Mobility

Answer

Relative Mobility

Question 15

Which renowned sociologist is known for developing the concept of 'cultural capital' in relation to social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Pierre Bourdieu

Answer

Emile Durkheim

Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Max Weber

Question 16

The concept of 'relative deprivation' in social mobility refers to:

Accepted Answer

Feeling disadvantaged or deprived compared to others in society

Answer

Contentment and satisfaction with one's social position

Answer

Experiencing downward mobility due to job loss

Answer

Lack of opportunities for upward mobility

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of upward absolute social mobility?

Accepted Answer

An individual transitioning from a low-paying job to a higher-paying management position

Answer

A person experiencing job loss and becoming unemployed

Answer

A teacher holding the same position and responsibilities over an extended period

Question 18

According to the influential 'Coleman Report' published in 1966, what factor was identified as having the most significant influence on educational achievement?

Accepted Answer

Family background and socio-economic status

Answer

School funding and resource availability

Answer

Peer group influences and peer dynamics

Answer

Teacher quality and pedagogical approaches

Question 19

Social mobility can have various consequences for individuals and society. Which of the following is a potential positive outcome of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Increased social diversity and reduction of social inequalities

Answer

Diminished opportunities for upward mobility for future generations

Answer

Weakening of traditional social networks and community ties

Answer

Exacerbation of social divisions and conflicts within society

Question 20

Which factor plays a substantial role in facilitating upward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Education

Answer

Inheritance of wealth

Answer

Family's social connections

Answer

Place of residence

Question 21

Which circumstance is most closely associated with downward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Loss of employment

Answer

Acquisition of a higher educational degree

Answer

Marriage into a higher social class

Question 22

Which indicator of social mobility measures the shift in social class between parents and their children?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Structural mobility

Answer

Intragenerational mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Question 23

Which government strategy is primarily designed to enhance social mobility opportunities?

Accepted Answer

Educational reforms

Answer

Immigration control

Answer

Welfare programs

Answer

Tax regulations

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a primary factor that influences social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Education

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Income

Question 25

Which type of social mobility refers to movement within the same social class?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal

Answer

Vertical

Answer

Structural

Question 26

According to the Functionalist theory, what is the primary purpose of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that society has the essential skills and talent distribution for its functioning.

Answer

Reducing social inequality

Answer

Promoting social change

Question 27

How can social mobility impact economic inequality?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility can contribute to reducing economic inequality by providing equal opportunities for upward mobility, allowing individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to improve their economic status.

Answer

Social mobility has no impact on economic inequality

Question 28

What is a potential negative consequence of limited social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Increased poverty and social exclusion, as individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds may face barriers to upward mobility, leading to persistent economic and social marginalization.

Answer

Reduced crime rates

Answer

Greater social cohesion

Answer

Improved educational opportunities

Question 29

How does education contribute to promoting social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Education can provide individuals with the skills, knowledge, and qualifications they need to access better-paying jobs and advance their careers, facilitating upward mobility.

Answer

Education has no significant impact on social mobility

Answer

Education only benefits those from privileged backgrounds

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of a policy measure that could potentially promote social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Investing in early childhood education to provide all children with a strong foundation for future learning and development, regardless of their socioeconomic background.

Answer

Reducing taxes on high-income earners

Answer

Introducing a flat tax system

Answer

Deregulating the labor market

Question 31

What is a key ethical consideration that should be taken into account when discussing social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their social background or other factors, to promote fairness and social justice.

Answer

Promoting upward mobility at any cost, even if it means sacrificing other social values

Answer

Preserving traditional social hierarchies and maintaining the status quo

Question 32

Which of the following factors does NOT directly influence an individual's social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Educational attainment

Answer

Income

Answer

Parents' social status

Question 33

Which of the following is the most widely used measure of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational occupational mobility

Answer

Income mobility

Answer

Intragenerational status mobility

Answer

Educational attainment

Question 34

Which of the following is a potential consequence of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Increased social cohesion

Answer

Political stability

Answer

Environmental sustainability

Question 35

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of education in promoting social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Human capital theory

Answer

Structural functionalism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Conflict theory

Question 36

Which of the following is a method used to visualize the distribution of individuals and groups within a social stratification system?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility matrix

Answer

Regression analysis

Answer

Discriminant analysis

Answer

Factor analysis

Question 37

Which of the following is a type of social mobility, specifically referring to the movement of individuals across generations?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Educational mobility

Answer

Occupational mobility

Answer

Geographical mobility

Question 38

Which sociological theory places emphasis on the role of class in shaping individual life prospects?

Accepted Answer

Marxism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Feminism

Question 39

What is the term used to describe the extent to which individuals can move between different social classes?

Accepted Answer

Social fluidity

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Social differentiation

Question 40

What is the term used for a society in which social mobility is restricted and individuals tend to remain within their social class of birth?

Accepted Answer

Closed society

Answer

Mobile society

Answer

Open society

Answer

Stratified society

Question 41

What is the term for the movement of individuals within the social hierarchy during their own lifetime?

Accepted Answer

Intra-generational mobility

Answer

Inter-generational mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Vertical mobility

Question 42

Which of the following is a potential consequence of social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Reduced social cohesion

Answer

Increased economic growth

Answer

Greater social mobility

Answer

Improved health outcomes

Question 43

What is the term used for a society in which individuals have the freedom to move between different social classes?

Accepted Answer

Open society

Answer

Closed society

Answer

Stratified society

Answer

Mobile society

Question 44

The movement of individuals from one social class to another is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Social inequality

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Social change

Question 45

Which of the following is a type of social mobility that involves movement within the same social class?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Vertical mobility

Question 46

Which of the following is a factor that can hinder social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Education

Answer

Income

Question 47

Which of the following measures social mobility by comparing the social class of individuals to that of their parents?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Occupational mobility

Answer

Income mobility

Answer

Intragenerational mobility

Question 48

Which of the following is a potential benefit of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Increased social equality

Answer

Decreased social cohesion

Answer

Increased social conflict

Answer

Decreased economic growth

Question 49

Which of the following is a contemporary challenge to social mobility in the UK?

Accepted Answer

Rising inequality

Answer

Increasing social cohesion

Answer

Falling unemployment

Answer

Expanding access to education

Question 50

Which of the following policies could governments implement to promote social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Expanding access to education

Answer

Restricting immigration

Answer

Reducing government spending

Answer

Increasing income taxes