Nutrition and Diet: Master Healthy Eating Principles

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered an essential nutrient for humans?

Accepted Answer

Fiber

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Minerals

Question 2

How can nutrition be used to prevent and manage common chronic diseases like obesity, heart disease, and diabetes? Provide specific examples.

Accepted Answer

Eating fruits and vegetables to reduce the risk of heart disease

Accepted Answer

Including whole grains in the diet to lower cholesterol

Accepted Answer

Limiting sugar intake to prevent type 2 diabetes

Answer

Increasing salt intake to control blood pressure

Question 3

How are portion sizes adjusted to meet a person's individual needs?

Accepted Answer

Portion sizes are adjusted based on things like age, height, how active someone is, and their health.

Answer

Portion sizes are the same for everyone to make meal planning easier.

Answer

Portion sizes depend only on cultural preferences and what foods are available.

Answer

Portion sizes are not adjusted for individual needs and should be the same for everyone.

Question 4

How does a balanced diet contribute to overall health?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a balanced diet can help prevent and manage certain diseases.

Answer

Nutrition has no impact on health.

Answer

Nutrition is the sole determinant of health.

Answer

Poor nutrition always leads to poor health.

Question 5

Which food group is the main source of carbohydrates, providing energy and fiber for the body?

Accepted Answer

Grains

Answer

Dairy

Answer

Fruits and Vegetables

Answer

Protein

Question 6

Which food group is the main source of protein?

Accepted Answer

Meat, fish, and eggs

Answer

Fruits and vegetables

Answer

Grains and cereals

Answer

Dairy products

Question 7

Which vitamin is crucial for proper blood coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 8

What is the medical term for a condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation within the liver?

Accepted Answer

Fatty liver disease

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Diabetes

Question 9

Which of the following food items is a good source of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Whole-wheat bread

Answer

White bread

Answer

Chocolate

Answer

Crisps

Question 10

What is the main purpose of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Aiding in digestion

Question 11

Which potential health concern is associated with consuming a diet high in sodium?

Accepted Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Kidney problems

Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 12

What is meant by a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

A diet that incorporates a range of foods from all food groups

Answer

A diet low in fat and sugar

Answer

A diet high in protein and low in carbohydrates

Answer

A diet that excludes specific food groups

Question 13

In the Eatwell Guide, which of the following is NOT classified as a food group?

Accepted Answer

Sugary drinks

Answer

Fruit and vegetables

Answer

Wholegrains

Answer

Meat and poultry

Question 14

According to UK dietary guidelines, what is the recommended daily intake of fruit and vegetables for adults?

Accepted Answer

5-7 portions

Answer

3-5 portions

Answer

7-9 portions

Answer

9-11 portions

Question 15

Which food is a good source of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Pasta

Answer

Sweets

Question 16

What is the primary function of protein in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Transporting oxygen

Question 17

Which essential nutrient is vital for strong bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Iron

Answer

Potassium

Question 18

What is the main role of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building muscle

Answer

Regulating digestion

Answer

Supporting the immune system

Question 19

Which nutrient is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 20

Which food is a good source of soluble dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Pasta

Answer

Potatoes

Question 21

What is considered to be the primary factor contributing to obesity?

Accepted Answer

A combination of the above

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Excessive calorie consumption

Answer

Lack of physical activity

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 23

According to UK dietary guidelines, adults should consume how many portions of fruit and vegetables daily?

Accepted Answer

5 portions

Answer

3 portions

Answer

7 portions

Answer

9 portions

Question 24

Which of the following is a commonly experienced symptom of iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Palpitations

Answer

Bruising

Answer

Diarrhoea

Question 25

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Transporting oxygen

Question 26

Explain the key distinction between saturated and unsaturated fats.

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid.

Answer

Saturated fats are predominantly found in plant-based foods, while unsaturated fats are found in animal-based foods.

Answer

Saturated fats are considered healthier than unsaturated fats.

Answer

There is no meaningful difference between saturated and unsaturated fats.

Question 27

Identify a potential risk factor for developing obesity.

Accepted Answer

Having a family history of obesity

Answer

Maintaining a balanced diet

Answer

Engaging in regular exercise

Answer

Maintaining a healthy weight

Question 28

What is the recommended daily water intake for adults?

Accepted Answer

2 litres

Answer

1.5 litres

Answer

2.5 litres

Answer

3 litres

Question 29

Which approach to weight loss is considered healthy and sustainable?

Accepted Answer

Increasing physical activity and reducing calorie intake

Answer

Crash dieting

Answer

Using weight loss supplements

Answer

Skipping meals to reduce calorie consumption

Question 30

Which of the following food groups is NOT included in the Eatwell Guide?

Accepted Answer

Sugary snacks and drinks

Answer

Fruit and vegetables

Answer

Starchy carbohydrates

Answer

Dairy

Question 31

Which food is a good source of both protein and fibre?

Accepted Answer

Beans

Answer

Chicken

Answer

Eggs

Answer

Fish

Question 32

What is the health condition known as a deficiency of vitamin D called?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Answer

Anaemia

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Beriberi

Question 33

Which of the following is an essential fatty acid that cannot be produced by the body?

Accepted Answer

Linoleic acid

Answer

Oleic acid

Answer

Palmitic acid

Answer

Stearic acid

Question 34

What is the formula to calculate body mass index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2

Answer

Height (m) / Weight (kg)

Answer

Weight (kg) * Height (m)

Answer

Height (m)^2 / Weight (kg)

Question 35

What is a potential health risk associated with fad diets?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient deficiencies

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Improved immune function

Question 36

Which of the following lists includes only unprocessed foods?

Accepted Answer

Fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, nuts, seeds, legumes

Answer

Canned fruits, frozen vegetables, white bread, processed cheese, deli meats

Answer

Fruit juice, oatmeal, yogurt, cooked chicken, smoothies

Answer

Soda, candy, chips, cookies, sugary cereals

Question 37

Which of the following is not considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 38

Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 39

Which of the following is a potential consequence of an iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Anaemia

Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Goitre

Question 40

The glycemic index (GI) measures the:

Accepted Answer

Speed at which carbohydrates in food are broken down and absorbed into the bloodstream

Answer

Amount of sugar in a food

Answer

Calorie content of a food

Answer

Protein content of a food

Question 41

A balanced diet should provide a variety of foods from all the following food groups, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Sugary drinks and sweets

Answer

Fruits and vegetables

Answer

Meat and fish

Answer

Dairy products

Question 42

A food label will typically provide information on all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Cooking instructions and serving suggestions

Answer

Nutritional content

Answer

Ingredients

Answer

Allergen information

Question 43

When dining out, which strategy is most effective for maintaining a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

Sharing entrees and side dishes with dining companions to control portion sizes and promote variety.

Answer

Choosing dishes primarily from one food group, such as ordering only vegetables or only protein.

Answer

Selecting the largest portion sizes available for each dish to ensure satisfaction.

Answer

Relying solely on appetizer options to limit calorie intake.

Question 44

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Support immune function

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Transport oxygen

Question 45

Which of the following vitamins is essential for healthy bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Question 46

What is a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

A diet that provides the right amounts of nutrients from all food groups in recommended proportions

Answer

A diet that excludes certain food groups

Answer

A diet that emphasizes supplements

Question 47

Which of the following is a recommended daily portion size for fruits and vegetables for adults?

Accepted Answer

5 portions

Answer

9 portions

Answer

3 portions

Answer

7 portions

Question 48

What is the main health concern associated with excessive consumption of saturated fat?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of heart disease

Answer

Increased risk of cancer

Answer

Increased risk of kidney disease

Answer

Increased risk of stroke

Question 49

What is the role of fiber in the diet?

Accepted Answer

Promotes digestive health and can help lower cholesterol levels

Answer

Regulates blood sugar levels

Answer

Provides energy

Question 50

Which of the following is a symptom of iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

High blood pressure

Question 51

What is the recommended daily intake of water for adults?

Accepted Answer

6-8 glasses

Answer

12-16 glasses

Answer

2-3 glasses

Answer

As much as possible