Biodiversity and Conservation: A Comprehensive Guide for Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Hindered economic growth

Answer

Enhanced ecosystem stability

Answer

Lowered risk of disease outbreaks

Answer

Increased availability of resources

Question 2

The concept of 'ecosystem services' refers to the benefits that:

Accepted Answer

Ecosystems provide to humans

Answer

Humans derive from ecosystems

Answer

Humans have on ecosystems

Answer

Ecosystems have on each other

Question 3

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Protect and conserve biodiversity

Answer

Promote sustainable use of natural resources

Answer

Combat climate change

Answer

Reduce poverty

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of an in-situ conservation measure?

Accepted Answer

Creating national parks

Answer

Captive breeding programs

Answer

Seed banks

Answer

Translocation

Question 5

The 'Red List' maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a:

Accepted Answer

Global inventory of threatened species

Answer

Plan for protecting endangered ecosystems

Answer

Database of invasive species

Answer

Guide to sustainable tourism

Question 6

The term 'biodiversity hotspot' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Areas with high levels of endemism and species richness

Answer

Areas with low levels of human disturbance

Answer

Areas with a high diversity of habitats

Answer

Areas with a large population of endangered species

Question 7

The term 'invasive species' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Non-native species that are harmful to native ecosystems

Answer

Species that are endangered or threatened

Answer

Species that are protected by law

Answer

Species that are keystone species

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a major threat to biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Increase in genetic diversity

Answer

Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Pollution and contamination

Question 9

Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem. What is a primary advantage of maintaining high levels of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Increased ecosystem resilience to environmental changes

Answer

Reduced risk of disease outbreaks

Answer

Increased crop production

Answer

Greater availability of food sources

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity increases the risk of natural disasters.

Answer

Biodiversity provides a range of resources like food, medicine, and building materials.

Answer

Biodiversity helps regulate Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.

Answer

Biodiversity supports ecosystem services like pollination, water filtration, and nutrient cycling.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major threat to biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Conservation agriculture

Answer

Habitat destruction

Answer

Invasive species introduction

Answer

Climate change

Question 12

What term describes the range of different life forms found on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Habitat

Question 13

What is the international agreement focused on protecting endangered species called?

Accepted Answer

CITES

Answer

Paris Agreement

Answer

Montreal Protocol

Answer

Kyoto Protocol

Question 14

What term refers to the permanent loss of a species from an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Extinction

Answer

Extirpation

Answer

Endangerment

Answer

Vulnerability

Question 15

What is genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

Random changes in gene frequency

Answer

Gene flow between populations

Answer

Mutations in genetic material

Answer

The introduction of new species into an ecosystem

Question 16

What term describes the introduction of non-native species into new environments by humans?

Accepted Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Habitat destruction

Answer

Overexploitation

Answer

Pollution

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Reduced food production

Answer

Ecological balance

Answer

Resilience to environmental changes

Answer

Improved air quality

Question 18

Which of the following is the primary threat to biodiversity worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Habitat loss

Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Overexploitation

Answer

Pollution

Question 19

What is the term used to describe the number and variety of species within an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Species richness

Answer

Ecological footprint

Answer

Biodiversity index

Answer

Trophic level

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of an endangered species in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Red squirrel

Answer

Brown rat

Answer

European rabbit

Answer

House sparrow

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a role that individuals can play in protecting biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring environmental issues

Answer

Reducing consumption

Answer

Supporting conservation organizations

Answer

Educating others

Question 22

What is the term used to describe the process of introducing non-native species into an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Endemic species

Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Indicator species

Question 23

Which of the following is a key indicator of biodiversity loss?

Accepted Answer

Reduced genetic diversity

Answer

Increased ecosystem resilience

Answer

Stable species populations

Answer

Low ecological productivity

Question 24

What is the term used to describe a species that has a disproportionately large impact on its ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Umbrella species

Answer

Endangered species

Answer

Indicator species

Question 25

What is the scientific term for the variation and abundance of different organisms in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecology

Answer

Conservation

Answer

Evolution

Question 26

What is the primary purpose of establishing protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries?

Accepted Answer

To conserve and protect ecosystems and endangered species

Answer

To allow for recreational activities and tourism

Answer

To extract natural resources and develop infrastructure

Answer

To resettle displaced populations

Question 27

Which of the following organisms plays a disproportionately significant role in maintaining the stability and functioning of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Dominant species

Answer

Indicator species

Answer

Threatened species

Question 28

What is the term that describes the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that a habitat can sustain over time?

Accepted Answer

Carrying capacity

Answer

Population density

Answer

Growth rate

Answer

Environmental resistance

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Increased vulnerability to natural disasters

Answer

Improved air and water quality

Answer

Reduced risk of soil erosion

Answer

Pollination of crops

Question 30

What is the primary threat to the variety of life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer

Overpopulation

Answer

Pollution

Answer

Climate change

Question 31

Which of the following factors currently does NOT contribute significantly to the loss of global biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

Answer

Habitat destruction due to expanding agricultural frontiers and urbanization

Answer

Overhunting and overfishing beyond sustainable levels

Answer

Climate change leading to altered and extreme weather patterns

Question 32

What broad term refers to the richness and variety of life on our planet, spanning all levels of biological organization from genes to ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Population

Answer

Biome

Question 33

In situ conservation strategies primarily focus on accomplishing which of the following goals?

Accepted Answer

Preserving species and their habitats within their natural environments

Answer

Breeding endangered species in controlled environments, such as zoos and botanical gardens

Answer

Raising awareness and promoting behavioral changes for conservation purposes

Answer

Enacting legislation and enforcing regulations to safeguard biodiversity

Question 34

In an ecological community, which term describes a species that wields disproportionate influence on the overall ecosystem's structure and functioning, despite its relatively low abundance?

Accepted Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Dominant species

Answer

Indicator species

Answer

Foundation species

Question 35

In the context of biodiversity conservation, the 'ecosystem approach' emphasizes which crucial aspect?

Accepted Answer

Adopting a holistic perspective that encompasses the interactions between species and their environment

Answer

Prioritizing the conservation of flagship species to attract public attention

Answer

Managing individual species in isolation, without considering their wider ecological context

Answer

Promoting sustainable economic activities that have minimal impact on biodiversity

Question 36

Which of these actions directly harms biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation

Accepted Answer

Overfishing

Accepted Answer

Pollution

Answer

Sustainable practices

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a major threat to biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Increased species diversity

Answer

Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer

Overexploitation of resources

Answer

Climate change and global warming

Question 38

Which of the following is considered the primary driver of global biodiversity loss?

Accepted Answer

Habitat destruction and fragmentation

Answer

Pollution

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Overexploitation

Question 39

What is the primary function of keystone species in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining ecological balance by controlling populations of other species

Answer

Decomposing organic matter and releasing nutrients into the soil

Answer

Providing food and shelter for a wide range of organisms

Answer

Pollinating plants and facilitating reproduction

Question 40

Which of the following is an example of an in situ conservation measure?

Accepted Answer

Establishing protected areas to safeguard natural habitats

Answer

Reintroducing extinct species to their former habitats

Answer

Translocating species to new locations

Answer

Breeding endangered species in captivity

Question 41

What is the overarching goal of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)?

Accepted Answer

To conserve and sustainably use biodiversity, and ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from its utilization

Answer

To establish a global network of protected areas

Answer

To eradicate invasive species and restore degraded ecosystems

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a recognized benefit of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Production of fossil fuels

Answer

Provision of food and medicines

Answer

Regulation of climate and natural disasters

Answer

Purification of air and water

Question 43

What is a significant consequence of reduced genetic diversity within a population?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to diseases and environmental stressors

Answer

Rapid population growth and expansion

Answer

Larger body size and increased reproductive output

Answer

Enhanced adaptability to changing environmental conditions

Question 44

Which of the following is a key ecosystem service provided by wetlands?

Accepted Answer

Natural filtration and purification of water

Answer

Production of timber and other forest products

Answer

Disposal and treatment of hazardous waste

Answer

Extraction of valuable minerals and resources

Question 45

What is the primary role of trophic levels in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Transfer of energy and nutrients through different levels of organisms

Answer

Provision of shelter and nesting sites for various species

Answer

Breakdown and detoxification of pollutants

Answer

Regulation of species diversity and abundance

Question 46

Which of the following is considered an ex situ conservation strategy?

Accepted Answer

Preservation of genetic resources in seed banks and gene repositories

Answer

Biological control of invasive species using natural predators

Answer

Creation of national parks and protected areas for wildlife

Answer

Establishment of wildlife corridors to connect fragmented habitats

Question 47

What is the primary significance of biodiversity hotspots?

Accepted Answer

They are regions with exceptionally high concentrations of endemic and threatened species

Answer

They are always located in tropical rainforests

Answer

They are home to the largest populations of endangered animals

Question 48

Which of the following is **not** considered a component of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Number of humans on Earth

Answer

Ecosystem diversity

Answer

Genetic diversity

Answer

Species diversity

Question 49

In recent years, the primary driver of species extinction has been:

Accepted Answer

Habitat destruction

Answer

Overexploitation

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Pollution

Question 50

The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Promote sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity

Answer

Combat climate change

Answer

Reduce pollution

Question 51

An example of an **in situ** conservation strategy is:

Accepted Answer

National parks

Answer

Botanical gardens

Answer

Gene banks

Answer

Zoos

Question 52

Genetic diversity refers to:

Accepted Answer

The variety of genes within a species

Answer

The number of different species in an ecosystem

Answer

The health of an ecosystem

Answer

The distribution of species across a geographical area

Question 53

Keystone species play a vital role in ecosystems because they:

Accepted Answer

Have a disproportionate impact on their environment relative to their abundance.

Answer

They are the most common species in the ecosystem.

Answer

They are the largest species in the ecosystem.