Cell Division Quizzes: Master Mitosis and Meiosis for Biology Year 12

Question 1

What is the function of the spindle fibres that attach to chromosomes during cell division?

Accepted Answer

To align and separate chromosomes

Answer

To synthesize new DNA

Answer

To repair damaged chromosomes

Answer

To control gene expression

Question 2

Which of the following proteins plays a crucial role in separating chromosomes during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Separin

Answer

Cyclin

Answer

Kinesin

Answer

Myosin

Question 3

Which cellular structure houses and protects the genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 4

Which characteristic is a hallmark of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Unregulated cell growth and division

Answer

Inability to differentiate into specialized cells

Answer

Increased susceptibility to immune attack

Answer

Absence of apoptosis

Question 5

What is the primary role of telomeres in cell division?

Accepted Answer

To prevent genetic information loss during cell division

Answer

To promote cell differentiation

Answer

To regulate chromosome segregation

Answer

To repair DNA damage

Question 6

In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 7

What is the name of the structure that forms during mitosis and meiosis to ensure equal distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Spindle

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Kinetochore

Answer

Nucleolus

Question 8

What is the primary role of cyclins in cell division?

Accepted Answer

Regulate the progression of the cell cycle

Answer

Condense chromosomes

Answer

Assemble the spindle apparatus

Answer

Facilitate crossing over

Question 9

What is the name of the protein complex that holds sister chromatids together until anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Cohesin

Answer

Histone

Answer

Kinesin

Answer

Myosin

Question 10

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Gamete (sex cell) production

Answer

Growth and development

Answer

DNA repair

Answer

Cell renewal

Question 11

Which event is unique to prophase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Synapsis

Answer

Chromosome condensation

Answer

Nuclear envelope breakdown

Answer

Spindle fiber attachment

Question 12

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes form synapses and exchange genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 13

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Interphase (S phase)

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 14

The primary purpose of mitosis is to:

Accepted Answer

Promote growth and development of organisms

Answer

Repair damaged tissues

Answer

Produce sex cells

Answer

Facilitate genetic recombination

Question 15

During which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 16

What is the key difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate, while animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Answer

Animal cells form a cell plate, while plant cells form a cleavage furrow.

Answer

Both plant and animal cells form cell plates.

Answer

Both plant and animal cells form cleavage furrows.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Promotes growth and development

Answer

Reduces the chromosome number by half

Answer

Introduces genetic diversity

Answer

Facilitates fertilization

Question 18

In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 19

The formation of tetrads during meiosis I is primarily significant because it:

Accepted Answer

Facilitates independent assortment of chromosomes

Answer

Reduces chromosome number by half

Answer

Allows for crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Answer

Prepares the cell for cytokinesis

Question 20

Which enzyme complex is responsible for unwinding DNA during DNA replication, allowing for the synthesis of new strands?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Polymerase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Topoisomerase

Question 21

The eukaryotic cell cycle progresses through a series of stages in a specific order. The correct sequence of these stages is:

Accepted Answer

G1, S, G2, M

Answer

G1, G2, S, M

Answer

S, G1, G2, M

Answer

M, G1, S, G2

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a stage of prophase I in meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase II

Answer

Leptotene

Answer

Zygotene

Answer

Pachytene

Question 23

During mitosis, the spindle fibers that connect the chromosomes to the poles of the cell are called:

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Answer

Centromeres

Answer

Kinetochores

Answer

Astral rays

Question 24

In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the center of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a stage of interphase in the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

M

Answer

G1

Answer

S

Answer

G2

Question 26

What is the primary function of the centromere on a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Controls chromosome movement during cell division.

Answer

Contains DNA sequences essential for cell function.

Answer

Facilitates the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Answer

Protects the chromosome from environmental damage.

Question 27

What is the primary significance of crossing-over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Increases genetic diversity in offspring.

Answer

Separates homologous chromosomes.

Answer

Prepares chromosomes for zygote formation.

Answer

Facilitates the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids.

Question 28

What is the main purpose of cytokinesis in cell division?

Accepted Answer

Separates the cytoplasm into individual cells.

Answer

Distributes genetic material evenly between daughter cells.

Answer

Controls chromosome movement during cell division.

Answer

Facilitates the formation of the spindle fibers.

Question 29

Which of the following statements about cell division is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Cell division is essential for growth, development, and repair.

Answer

Cell division occurs identically in all cell types of an organism.

Answer

Cell division only occurs in eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Cell division is a reversible process.

Question 30

Which of the following organelles is not directly involved in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Centrosomes

Answer

Chromosomes

Answer

Spindle fibers

Question 31

During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the equator of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 32

What is the significance of genetic recombination through crossing over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic diversity within a population.

Answer

It reduces the total number of chromosomes.

Answer

It ensures the accurate segregation of chromosomes.

Answer

It prevents the accumulation of mutations.

Question 33

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?

Accepted Answer

S

Answer

G1

Answer

G2

Answer

M

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of telophase?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis is complete.

Answer

Chromosomes are decondensed.

Answer

The spindle apparatus disappears.

Answer

The nuclear envelope reforms.

Question 35

What is the main function of the spindle fibers during cell division?

Accepted Answer

To move the chromosomes to the poles of the cell.

Answer

To condense the chromosomes.

Answer

To separate the sister chromatids.

Answer

To form the new nuclear envelope.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of crossing over?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment of chromosomes.

Answer

Increased genetic variation.

Answer

Recombination of genetic material.

Answer

Alteration of gene linkage.

Question 37

What is the name of the structure that forms during metaphase and aligns the chromosomes along the equator of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase plate

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Kinetochore

Answer

Spindle apparatus

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interkinesis

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 39

During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Prophase II

Answer

Anaphase II

Question 40

Which of the following is the main function of the spindle fibres during cell division?

Accepted Answer

To separate chromosomes and move them to opposite poles of the cell.

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To synthesize new proteins

Answer

To package DNA within the nucleus

Question 41

A cell with a diploid number of 16 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

16

Answer

32

Answer

8

Question 42

What is the primary role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in cell division?

Accepted Answer

To regulate the progression of the cell cycle by phosphorylating specific proteins.

Answer

To synthesize DNA

Answer

To break down the nuclear envelope

Answer

To separate chromosomes

Question 43

Which of the following is a potential consequence of uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Anemia

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Arthritis

Question 44

What is the key difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate, while animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Answer

Cytokinesis occurs before nuclear division in plant cells, but after in animal cells.

Answer

Plant cells undergo open mitosis, while animal cells undergo closed mitosis.

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interkinesis

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 46

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material through crossing over?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Telophase II

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase II

Question 47

What is the primary function of the spindle apparatus in cell division?

Accepted Answer

To separate and move chromosomes during anaphase.

Answer

To regulate the cell cycle.

Answer

To control the passage of materials through the nuclear membrane.

Answer

To synthesize new genetic material.

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled cell division

Answer

Absence of cell division

Answer

Programmed cell death

Answer

Delayed cell division

Question 49

What is the significance of cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

To divide the cytoplasm and organelles between daughter cells.

Answer

To duplicate chromosomes.

Answer

To regulate the cell cycle.

Answer

To separate sister chromatids.

Question 50

Which of the following factors can influence the rate of cell division?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Magnetic field strength

Answer

Light intensity

Answer

Gravitational force

Question 51

What is the primary function of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

To monitor cell division and prevent abnormal events from occurring.

Answer

To slow down the rate of cell division.

Answer

To speed up the rate of cell division.

Answer

To regulate gene expression.

Question 52

Which of the following is a consequence of uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Infertility

Answer

Aging

Question 53

What is the term for the process by which cells divide into specialized cells with different functions?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Metaplasia

Answer

Transdifferentiation

Answer

Dedifferentiation