Homeostasis and Response: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Year 12 Biology

Question 1

How does the lymphatic system contribute to maintaining fluid balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Absorbs excess fluid from tissues and returns it to the bloodstream

Answer

Filters pathogens from the blood

Answer

Produces hormones that regulate blood pressure

Answer

Transports red blood cells throughout the body

Question 2

In maintaining homeostasis, how do receptors and effectors collaborate to detect changes in the internal environment and trigger appropriate responses?

Accepted Answer

Receptors detect changes and signal effectors, which trigger responses to restore homeostasis.

Answer

Effectors receive signals from receptors and process them, sending the information back to the receptors for further processing.

Answer

Receptors and effectors operate independently, with no direct interaction or communication in homeostasis maintenance.

Answer

Effectors detect changes in the internal environment and signal receptors, which then trigger responses.

Question 3

How does the sympathetic nervous system prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Enlarges pupils and boosts blood flow to muscles

Answer

Slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure

Answer

Enhances salivation and digestion

Question 4

How does allostasis differ from homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Allostasis is a dynamic process for adapting to changing conditions, while homeostasis is a relatively stable state.

Answer

Allostasis maintains a stable internal environment, while homeostasis is constantly changing.

Answer

Allostasis is only found in animals, while homeostasis is found in all organisms.

Answer

Allostasis and homeostasis are the same thing.

Question 5

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels, maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Prolactin

Question 6

Identify the component that is NOT part of a reflex arc, a pathway for rapid response to stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Receptor

Answer

Effector

Answer

Synapse

Question 7

Which scenario best illustrates a homeostatic imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Extreme dehydration

Answer

Maintaining body temperature at 37°C

Answer

Optimal glucose levels in the blood

Answer

Proper pH level in the body

Question 8

The endocrine system maintains homeostasis primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Secreting hormones

Answer

Conducting electrical impulses

Answer

Integrating sensory information

Answer

Digesting food

Question 9

What is the term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Answer

Osmoregulation

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 10

Which mechanism is NOT involved in maintaining homeostasis in organisms?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Negative feedback loops

Answer

Hormonal regulation

Answer

Behavioral adaptations

Question 11

Which hormone primarily regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Glucagon

Question 12

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for automatic responses, such as reflexes?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 13

Which hormone is involved in the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Prolactin

Question 14

Which organ system collaborates with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Answer

Respiratory system

Answer

Muscular system

Answer

Skeletal system

Question 15

Which of the following is not a component of homeostasis, the process of maintaining a stable internal environment within an organism?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient storage

Answer

Temperature regulation

Answer

Water balance

Answer

Blood glucose levels

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism, where a response counteracts the initial stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of insulin release by high blood glucose levels

Answer

Dilation of blood vessels in response to warm temperatures

Answer

Contraction of the pupil in dim light

Answer

Secretion of adrenaline in response to stress

Question 17

The autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary bodily functions, consists of which two main divisions?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer

Central and peripheral

Answer

Cranial and spinal

Answer

Sensory and motor

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is released at the synapse between a neuron and a muscle cell, triggering muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Noradrenaline

Question 19

The medulla oblongata, a region of the brainstem, plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating:

Accepted Answer

Heart rate and breathing

Answer

Body temperature

Answer

Coordinating movement

Answer

Processing sensory information

Question 20

Which of the following adaptations helps organisms maintain water balance, particularly in dry environments?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys that produce large volumes of dilute urine

Answer

Thin skin with numerous sweat glands

Answer

Permeable scales

Answer

Inability to store fat

Question 21

The hypothalamus, a small region of the brain, is involved in regulating several important homeostatic functions. Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Body temperature

Answer

Sleep-wake cycle

Answer

Appetite

Question 22

Identify the hormone that is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels.

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 23

Which division of the nervous system prepares the body for immediate action in response to a threat?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Question 24

Identify the type of feedback mechanism that operates to reverse a change in a variable.

Accepted Answer

Release of insulin in response to high blood glucose

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Contraction of the pupil in response to bright light

Answer

Dilation of blood vessels to increase blood pressure

Question 25

Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for filtering waste products from the blood?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Intestines

Question 26

Identify the consequence that is not associated with disrupted homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

Faster healing

Answer

Disease

Answer

Malfunction of organs

Answer

Reduced reproductive success

Question 27

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Aldosterone

Question 28

Which term best describes the mechanism in homeostasis where a response counteracts the initial stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Answer

Positive feedback loop

Answer

Regulatory loop

Answer

Control mechanism

Question 29

Which brain region plays a key role in regulating body temperature, water balance, and hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Hippocampus

Question 30

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two main branches. Which of the following correctly identifies these branches?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer

Sensory and motor

Answer

Central and peripheral

Answer

Visceral and somatic

Question 31

Which of the following primary functions is associated with the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordination of movement

Answer

Regulation of blood pressure

Answer

Processing of sensory information

Answer

Control of emotions

Question 32

When responding to stressful situations, the body activates which branch of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Somatic

Answer

Enteric

Question 33

Which of the following hormones is primarily released into the bloodstream in response to a perceived threat or stress?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Progesterone

Question 34

The process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Answer

Allostasis

Answer

Thermoregulation

Answer

Metabolism

Question 35

Which mechanism is NOT involved in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Negative feedback loops

Answer

Positive feedback loops

Answer

Hormonal signaling

Question 36

Which hormone primarily regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 37

Which part of the nervous system plays a central role in controlling body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 38

Which adaptation enables desert animals to conserve water?

Accepted Answer

Concentrated urine to reduce water loss

Answer

Thick insulation to minimize heat loss

Answer

Increased surface area to facilitate evaporative cooling

Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 39

Which pancreatic hormone is released in response to low blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 40

Which part of the brain coordinates the body's stress response?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 41

Which hormone is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 42

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for sending messages to muscles and glands?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 43

Which organ is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 44

What is the role of the hypothalamus in maintaining body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Detects changes in temperature and triggers responses

Answer

Produces hormones that regulate body temperature

Answer

Relays temperature information to the spinal cord

Answer

Stores information about preferred body temperature

Question 45

What is the difference between positive and negative feedback mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback mechanisms reinforce a change, while negative feedback mechanisms reverse it

Answer

Negative feedback mechanisms reinforce a change, while positive feedback mechanisms reverse it

Answer

Positive feedback mechanisms create instability, while negative feedback mechanisms maintain stability

Answer

Negative feedback mechanisms create instability, while positive feedback mechanisms maintain stability

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a key component of a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Variable

Answer

Receptor

Answer

Control centre

Answer

Effector

Question 47

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels within a narrow range?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 48

Which type of nervous system division is responsible for controlling involuntary functions and reflexes?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 49

Which organelle in a neuron is responsible for releasing neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Synaptic vesicle

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 50

Which ion plays a crucial role in maintaining membrane potential in neurons?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chloride

Answer

Calcium

Question 51

Which neurotransmitter is associated with excitatory postsynaptic potentials in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

GABA

Answer

Glycine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 52

Which type of receptor has an extracellular ligand-binding domain and an intracellular signalling domain?

Accepted Answer

G protein-coupled receptor

Answer

Ion channel receptor

Answer

Intracellular receptor

Answer

Tyrosine kinase receptor

Question 53

Which of the following is a characteristic of positive feedback loops?

Accepted Answer

They amplify the initial stimulus

Answer

They maintain physiological variables within a narrow range

Answer

They involve inhibitory hormones

Answer

They are common in the regulation of body temperature

Question 54

In a negative feedback loop, what is the effect on the controlled variable when it deviates from the set point?

Accepted Answer

The effect is counteracted, bringing the variable closer to the set point.

Answer

The effect is amplified, moving the variable further away from the set point.

Question 55

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 56

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

To monitor internal conditions and initiate appropriate responses.

Answer

To produce and release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer

To transmit nerve impulses to muscles and glands.

Question 57

In the stimulus-response model, what is the difference between a stimulus and a response?

Accepted Answer

A stimulus is a change in the environment, while a response is a change in the organism.

Answer

A stimulus is an internal change, while a response is an external change.

Answer

A response is an internal change, while a stimulus is an external change.

Question 58

What is the primary role of the adrenal glands in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

To release hormones that increase heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer

To produce insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.

Answer

To secrete hormones that stimulate the digestive system.

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Control of blood pressure

Question 60

What is the primary significance of homeostasis for the survival of an organism?

Accepted Answer

It allows organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.

Answer

It prevents the accumulation of harmful substances in the body.

Question 61

What is a distinctive feature of positive feedback mechanisms in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The response intensifies the initial stimulus.

Answer

The response opposes the initial stimulus.

Answer

The response matches the intensity of the stimulus.

Answer

The response involves hormonal release.

Question 62

How does the endocrine system contribute to body temperature regulation? Describe the specific hormones involved and their mechanisms of action.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus monitors body temperature and releases hormones to maintain homeostasis.

Answer

Insulin and glucagon are the main hormones involved in body temperature regulation.

Answer

Prolactin and growth hormone play significant roles in body temperature regulation.

Answer

The endocrine system has a minor role in body temperature regulation.

Question 63

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Question 64

What is the main function of negative feedback mechanisms in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

To prevent over-correction and maintain a stable internal environment

Answer

To amplify the initial stimulus

Answer

To trigger a response to a stimulus

Answer

To increase the sensitivity of the system to subsequent stimuli