Cardiovascular System: Adaptations to Exercise for Physical Education (Year 11)

Question 1

What is the term for the maximum amount of blood that can be pumped out by the heart per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Ventricular filling time

Question 2

What is the major difference between the cardiovascular responses to aerobic and anaerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise involves greater oxygen consumption

Answer

Aerobic exercise elicits a greater increase in heart rate

Answer

Anaerobic exercise elicits a greater increase in stroke volume

Answer

Anaerobic exercise requires a higher cardiac output

Question 3

What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system in regulating the cardiovascular response to exercise?

Accepted Answer

To increase heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

To decrease heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

To increase cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Answer

To decrease cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of the cardiovascular system to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood pressure

Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Vasodilation

Question 5

What is the effect of increased stroke volume on the amount of blood pumped per heart beat?

Accepted Answer

Increases blood pumped per heart beat

Answer

Decreases blood pumped per heart beat

Answer

No effect on blood pumped per heart beat

Question 6

What is the role of vasodilation during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increases blood flow to muscles

Answer

Decreases blood flow to muscles

Answer

Maintains constant blood flow to muscles

Question 7

Which of the following measurements is commonly used to assess cardiovascular fitness?

Accepted Answer

VO2 max

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Body composition

Question 8

How does regular exercise training affect the resting heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Decreases resting heart rate

Answer

Increases resting heart rate

Answer

No effect on resting heart rate

Question 9

Which of the following hormones is released into the bloodstream during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 10

What is the function of the sinoatrial node in the heart?

Accepted Answer

Initiates the electrical impulse for heart contraction

Answer

Controls the rate of heart contraction

Answer

Transmits the electrical impulse through the heart

Question 11

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Question 12

How does the cardiovascular system contribute to maintaining body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increasing blood flow to the skin to release heat

Answer

Decreasing blood flow to the muscles to conserve heat

Answer

Reducing heat production

Question 13

How does increased stroke volume improve the body's ability to deliver oxygen to muscles?

Accepted Answer

By increasing the amount of blood pumped with each heartbeat

Answer

By increasing the rate at which blood is pumped

Answer

By reducing the resistance to blood flow

Answer

By increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

Question 14

What is the main function of the cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

To pump blood throughout the body

Answer

To regulate blood pressure

Answer

To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells

Answer

To control body temperature

Question 15

What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out by the heart per beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 16

What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?

Accepted Answer

To supply blood to the heart muscle

Answer

To return blood to the heart

Answer

To carry oxygenated blood to the body

Answer

To regulate blood pressure

Question 17

Which of the following is a measure of cardiovascular fitness?

Accepted Answer

VO2 max

Answer

Heart rate recovery

Answer

BMI

Answer

Flexibility

Question 18

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node (SA node)?

Accepted Answer

To initiate and maintain the heartbeat

Answer

To regulate the force of contraction of the heart

Answer

To trigger the release of neurotransmitters

Answer

To regulate blood pressure

Question 19

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymphatics

Question 20

What is the relationship between stroke volume and cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output = stroke volume / heart rate

Answer

Cardiac output = heart rate / stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output = stroke volume - heart rate

Question 21

What is the significance of the refractory period in the cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

It prevents the heart from contracting too quickly

Answer

It allows the heart to fill with blood

Answer

It triggers the release of calcium ions

Answer

It initiates the depolarization of the heart

Question 22

Which of the following exercises would be considered high-intensity interval training (HIIT)?

Accepted Answer

Alternating between sprints and rest periods for 15 minutes

Answer

Running at a steady pace for 30 minutes

Answer

Lifting weights for 1 hour

Answer

Cycling at a moderate intensity for 2 hours

Question 23

What term describes the volume of blood ejected from the heart per beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Ejection fraction

Question 24

How does increased stroke volume contribute to improved oxygen delivery to muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

It increases the volume of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.

Answer

It decreases the heart rate.

Answer

It widens the arteries.

Answer

It reduces blood pressure.

Question 25

Which hormone is secreted during exercise that stimulates the heart to beat faster?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Question 26

What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between the blood and tissues

Answer

To transport blood from the heart to the body

Answer

To regulate blood pressure

Answer

To store blood

Question 27

What is the term for the highest possible volume of blood the heart can pump per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Ejection fraction

Question 28

During exercise, which of the following occurs, resulting in increased oxygen delivery to muscles?

Accepted Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Decreased heart rate

Answer

Increased vascular resistance

Answer

Reduced blood pressure

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of increased stroke volume during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To augment the volume of blood pumped per heartbeat

Answer

To decrease the heart rate

Answer

To lower blood pressure

Answer

To constrict blood vessels

Question 30

How does increased heart rate contribute to improved oxygen delivery during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By elevating the number of heartbeats per minute

Answer

By diminishing the force of each heartbeat

Answer

By reducing the amount of blood pumped per heartbeat

Answer

By dilating blood vessels

Question 31

Which of the following is a consequence of increased heart rate during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased cardiac output

Answer

Decreased oxygen delivery

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Reduced stroke volume

Question 32

How does the cardiovascular system adapt to meet the heightened metabolic demands of exercise?

Accepted Answer

By elevating both stroke volume and heart rate

Answer

By decreasing stroke volume and increasing heart rate

Answer

By increasing heart rate and reducing stroke volume

Answer

By maintaining constant stroke volume and heart rate

Question 33

Which of the following mechanisms helps to reduce the workload of the heart during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation of blood vessels in the muscles

Answer

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the skin

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Reduced heart rate

Question 34

How does the cardiovascular system contribute to the removal of waste products from muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By augmenting blood flow to the muscles

Answer

By diminishing blood flow to the muscles

Answer

By decreasing the heart rate

Answer

By increasing peripheral resistance

Question 35

Which of the following is a potential limitation to the cardiovascular system's adaptations to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Reduced cardiac output

Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Improved oxygen delivery

Question 36

How does increased stroke volume improve the body's ability to deliver oxygen during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increases the amount of blood pumped out with each beat

Answer

Increases the rate of blood flow

Answer

Lowers the blood pressure

Answer

Raises the heart rate

Question 37

What is the term for the maximum amount of oxygen the body can utilise during exercise?

Accepted Answer

VO2 max

Answer

Heart rate reserve

Answer

Anaerobic threshold

Answer

Lactate threshold

Question 38

Which of the following is an example of an isometric exercise?

Accepted Answer

Plank hold

Answer

Cycling

Answer

Running

Answer

Swimming

Question 39

What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in cardiovascular control?

Accepted Answer

Decreases heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Increases heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Dilates blood vessels in the muscles

Answer

Regulates blood flow to the brain

Question 40

What is the term for the volume of blood ejected from the heart with each beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Ejection fraction

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 41

What is the name of the reflex that causes the heart rate to increase in response to a sudden drop in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Baroreflex

Answer

Chemoreflex

Answer

Bainbridge reflex

Answer

Diving reflex

Question 42

How does increased heart rate during exercise benefit the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Increases cardiac output

Answer

Decreases peripheral resistance

Answer

Reduces blood pressure

Answer

увеличивает время наполнения желудочков

Question 43

Which of the following blood vessels dilate during exercise, promoting increased blood flow to muscles?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Lymphatics

Question 44

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To deliver oxygen and nutrients to muscles

Answer

To remove waste products

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To maintain blood pH

Question 45

What is the term for the maximum volume of blood that can be pumped out of the heart in one beat?

Accepted Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Ejection fraction

Answer

Preload

Question 46

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing heart rate during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 47

What is the term for the measurement of the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 48

Which of the following is a physiological adaptation of the cardiovascular system to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Reduced heart rate

Answer

Reduced cardiac output

Answer

Narrowing of blood vessels

Question 49

How does increased stroke volume enhance the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By increasing the blood volume pumped out of the heart per beat

Answer

By decreasing the blood volume pumped out of the heart per beat

Answer

By increasing the heart rate

Answer

By decreasing the heart rate

Question 50

How does the body regulate cardiac output during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By adjusting both stroke volume and heart rate

Answer

By adjusting blood pressure and heart rate

Answer

By adjusting stroke volume and blood pressure

Answer

By adjusting blood pressure and heart rate exclusively

Question 51

How can excessive training have a negative impact on the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

By causing inflammation and possibly damaging the heart

Answer

By decreasing stroke volume and heart rate

Answer

By elevating blood pressure and cholesterol levels

Answer

By reducing the body's capacity to deliver oxygen to muscles

Question 52

Which adaptations to the cardiovascular system occur during exercise to increase the heart's ability to deliver oxygen and nutrients to muscles?

Accepted Answer

Increased stroke volume and increased heart rate

Answer

Increased heart rate and decreased stroke volume

Answer

Decreased stroke volume and decreased heart rate

Answer

Unchanged stroke volume and unchanged heart rate

Question 53

How does increased stroke volume contribute to improved exercise performance?

Accepted Answer

Increases the volume of blood pumped per heartbeat

Answer

Slows the heart rate

Answer

Reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

Answer

Decreases blood pressure

Question 54

How does vasoconstriction in inactive muscles during exercise enhance performance?

Accepted Answer

Diverts blood flow to active muscles

Answer

Increases blood pressure

Answer

Decreases heart rate

Answer

Reduces stroke volume

Question 55

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Control muscle movement

Answer

Protect against infections

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of the cardiovascular system to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood pressure

Answer

Increased stroke volume

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Vasoconstriction in non-exercising muscles

Question 57

What is the term for the increased blood flow to exercising muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Vasoconstriction

Answer

Ischemia

Question 58

Which of the following is a consequence of vasoconstriction in non-exercising muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Reduced blood flow to those muscles

Answer

Increased blood flow to those muscles

Answer

No change in blood flow to those muscles

Answer

Increased oxygen delivery to those muscles

Question 59

What is the primary role of the parasympathetic nervous system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To decrease heart rate

Answer

To increase heart rate

Answer

To increase blood pressure

Answer

To decrease blood pressure

Question 60

What is the term for the maximum amount of blood that the heart can pump out per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Cardiac index

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can limit cardiac output during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Peripheral vascular resistance