The Respiratory System: Adaptations to Exercise for Year 11 Physical Education

Question 1

Tidal volume refers to:

Accepted Answer

The volume of air inhaled or exhaled in each breath

Answer

The rate at which air is inhaled or exhaled

Answer

The amount of oxygen used by the body during exercise

Answer

The surface area of the lungs

Question 2

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 3

The exchange of gases between the blood and lungs occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Bronchioles

Question 4

What is the term for the volume of air moved in and out of the lungs in one minute?

Accepted Answer

Minute ventilation

Answer

Tidal volume

Answer

Vital capacity

Answer

Lung capacity

Question 5

The respiratory center is located in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

Prevents food from entering the trachea

Answer

Controls the rate of breathing

Answer

Warms and humidifies incoming air

Answer

Exchanges gases between the blood and lungs

Question 7

The partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is known as:

Accepted Answer

PaO2

Answer

PaCO2

Answer

pH

Answer

SaO2

Question 8

Which of these is NOT an adaptation of the respiratory system that supports the increased oxygen demand during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Decreased respiratory rate

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Increased surface area of the alveoli

Answer

Increased number of capillaries in the lungs

Question 9

Which of the following is an adaptation of the respiratory system to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased tidal volume and respiratory rate

Answer

Decreased respiratory rate

Answer

Narrowing of the airways

Answer

Reduction in oxygen uptake

Question 10

What causes the increased oxygen demand during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased muscle activity

Answer

Decreased body temperature

Answer

Lowered heart rate

Answer

Relaxed blood vessels

Question 11

What is the name of the structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Pericardium

Answer

Pleura

Answer

Trachea

Question 12

What is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Filtration

Answer

Active transport

Question 13

What is the role of the cilia in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To propel mucus and foreign particles out of the lungs

Answer

To regulate airflow

Answer

To produce surfactant

Answer

To exchange gases

Question 14

How does the respiratory system support the increased oxygen demand during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

By both delivering more oxygen and removing carbon dioxide more efficiently

Answer

By delivering more oxygen to the bloodstream

Answer

By removing carbon dioxide more efficiently

Answer

By regulating body temperature

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of the respiratory system to exercise?

Accepted Answer

Reduced heart rate

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Increased respiratory rate

Answer

Increased oxygen diffusion

Question 17

How does your breathing change to deliver more oxygen to your muscles during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Larger breaths and faster breathing rate

Answer

More air sacs in the lungs

Answer

Muscles needing less oxygen

Answer

Slower breathing rate

Question 18

What is the central function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating gas exchange between blood and air

Answer

Synthesizing and releasing hormones

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from digested food

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 19

During physical activity, which adaptation occurs in the respiratory system to meet the elevated oxygen demands?

Accepted Answer

An increase in tidal volume

Answer

A decrease in respiratory rate

Answer

A reduction in lung capacity

Answer

A narrowing of the airways

Question 20

What is the primary role of surfactant in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

It lowers surface tension in the alveoli, aiding in lung expansion

Answer

It increases the diffusion rate of gases across the respiratory membrane

Answer

It provides immune protection against respiratory infections

Answer

It regulates airflow within the respiratory passages

Question 21

Which factor does NOT influence the regulation of respiratory rate?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Blood pH levels

Answer

Body temperature

Answer

Level of physical exertion

Question 22

Which muscle plays the primary role in initiating inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Pectoralis major muscle

Question 23

What is the primary purpose of performing spirometry?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate lung function and diagnose respiratory conditions

Answer

To assess cardiovascular fitness levels

Answer

To determine smoking habits

Answer

To monitor blood oxygen saturation

Question 24

During exercise, which adaptations occur in the respiratory system to meet the increased oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Tidal volume and respiratory rate both increase.

Answer

Tidal volume decreases, and respiratory rate increases.

Answer

Respiratory rate decreases, but tidal volume increases.

Answer

Both tidal volume and respiratory rate remain unchanged.

Question 25

How does increased respiratory rate help meet the oxygen demands of exercise?

Accepted Answer

By increasing the volume of air entering the lungs

Answer

By increasing the time available for gas exchange

Answer

By decreasing the resistance to airflow

Answer

By increasing the surface area for gas exchange

Question 26

How does the respiratory system respond to a sudden increase in exercise intensity?

Accepted Answer

Immediate increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate

Answer

Gradual increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate over several minutes

Answer

No significant change in tidal volume or respiratory rate

Answer

Decrease in tidal volume and respiratory rate

Question 27

What is the primary mechanism by which the body regulates respiratory rate during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased carbon dioxide production

Answer

Increased blood pressure

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Decreased oxygen levels

Question 28

How does the respiratory system contribute to the removal of waste products from the body during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By removing carbon dioxide from the blood

Answer

By removing lactic acid from the muscles

Answer

By removing urea from the kidneys

Answer

By removing toxins from the liver

Question 29

The increased tidal volume during exercise allows for:

Accepted Answer

Greater exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

Reduced heart rate

Answer

Lower blood pressure

Answer

Improved muscular strength

Question 30

What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

To contract and flatten, increasing lung volume

Answer

To expand the rib cage

Answer

To control the rate of breathing

Answer

To filter out impurities from the air

Question 31

Which of the following adaptations of the respiratory system to exercise is a long-term adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Increased capillary density in the lungs

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Dilation of bronchioles

Answer

Increased respiratory rate

Question 32

What is the role of carbon dioxide in regulating breathing?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates the respiratory center in the medulla

Answer

Inhibits the respiratory center in the medulla

Answer

Increases lung capacity

Answer

Reduces blood pressure

Question 33

During exercise, which physiological adaptations occur in the respiratory system to meet the increased oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Increased tidal volume and respiratory rate

Answer

Decreased oxygen consumption and lung volume

Answer

Constriction of airways and diminished gas exchange

Answer

Reduced blood flow to the respiratory muscles

Question 34

How does the respiratory system help maintain pH balance during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increases ventilation rate to eliminate carbon dioxide.

Answer

Decreases ventilation rate to retain carbon dioxide.

Answer

Produces bicarbonate ions to neutralize acids.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Filter pathogens

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Gas exchange

Question 36

During exercise, the diaphragm contracts and which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Increases the volume of the thoracic cavity

Answer

Decreases the respiratory rate

Answer

Increases the heart rate

Answer

Decreases the pressure in the thoracic cavity

Question 37

Which of the following is a direct benefit of increased tidal volume during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased oxygen intake

Answer

Lowered heart rate

Answer

Reduced blood pressure

Answer

Improved digestion

Question 38

Which of the following is the main muscle responsible for inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Rectus abdominis

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Nasal cavity

Answer

Bronchi

Question 40

What is the primary role of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Reduces surface tension in the alveoli

Answer

Regulates blood flow

Answer

Clears mucus and foreign particles

Answer

Increases oxygen diffusion

Question 41

Which of the following is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Asthma

Question 42

Which of the following is the primary function of the cilia in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Remove mucus and foreign particles

Answer

Transport oxygen

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Answer

Produce surfactant

Question 43

The exchange of gases between the alveoli and the bloodstream primarily occurs through which process?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Osmosis

Question 44

Which of the following is the primary muscle involved in inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 45

What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen in the blood

Answer

To regulate blood pH

Answer

To bind to carbon dioxide in the lungs

Answer

To produce surfactant

Question 46

Which of the following is a consequence of strenuous exercise on the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Increased ventilation rate

Answer

Decreased lactate production

Answer

Reduced blood flow to the muscles

Answer

Increased heart rate

Question 47

What is the primary function of the respiratory center located in the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

To regulate breathing rate and depth

Answer

To filter inhaled air

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To produce surfactant

Question 48

What is the difference between tidal volume and vital capacity?

Accepted Answer

Tidal volume refers to the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, while vital capacity refers to the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation.

Answer

Vital capacity is the volume of air inhaled during normal breathing, while tidal volume is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation.

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Maintain blood pressure

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Voice production

Answer

Gas exchange

Question 50

What is the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse

Answer

To increase the rate of diffusion of gases

Answer

To regulate the pH of the blood