Atomic Structure: Interactive Quizzes for Year 13 Chemistry

Question 1

Which statement accurately describes a key characteristic of isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have different mass numbers but the same number of neutrons.

Answer

Isotopes have different atomic numbers but the same mass number.

Answer

Isotopes have different electronic configurations and chemical properties.

Answer

All isotopes are radioactive.

Question 2

Which statement accurately describes isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element share the same atomic number but have different mass numbers.

Answer

Isotopes have different atomic numbers but identical mass numbers.

Answer

All isotopes of an element are radioactive.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle present in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Photon

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Neutron

Question 4

The atomic number of an element is defined by:

Accepted Answer

The number of protons present in the nucleus

Answer

The number of neutrons present in the nucleus

Answer

The number of electrons present in the nucleus

Answer

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons

Question 5

Isotopes of the same element exhibit:

Accepted Answer

Identical atomic numbers but differ in their mass numbers

Answer

Different atomic numbers and different mass numbers

Answer

Different atomic numbers but identical mass numbers

Answer

Identical atomic numbers and mass numbers

Question 6

The mass number of an atom represents the:

Accepted Answer

Total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus

Answer

Difference between the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus

Answer

Total number of protons and electrons present in the nucleus

Answer

Difference between the number of protons and electrons present in the nucleus

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Bohr's model of the atom is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Electrons can occupy any energy level, regardless of its energy.

Answer

Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed, quantized energy levels.

Answer

Electrons emit or absorb energy only when transitioning between energy levels.

Answer

The nucleus is a small, dense, positively charged region at the center of the atom.

Question 8

What is the term for the three-dimensional region around the nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

Electron cloud

Answer

Valence shell

Answer

Atomic orbital

Answer

Energy sublevel

Question 9

Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

Azimuthal quantum number (l)

Answer

Principal quantum number (n)

Answer

Magnetic quantum number (ml)

Answer

Spin quantum number (ms)

Question 10

The Pauli exclusion principle states that:

Accepted Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same spin quantum number.

Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same energy level.

Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same principal quantum number.

Question 11

The atomic number of an element represents its:

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of electrons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

Mass of the nucleus

Question 12

Which of the following isotopes has the **highest** number of neutrons?

Accepted Answer

Carbon-15

Answer

Carbon-12

Answer

Carbon-13

Answer

Carbon-14

Question 13

Which of the following is **not** a property of noble gases?

Accepted Answer

Flammable

Answer

Colorless

Answer

Odorless

Answer

Unreactive

Question 14

The radius of an atom is primarily determined by its:

Accepted Answer

Number of electrons

Answer

Number of protons

Answer

Number of neutrons

Answer

Mass of the nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following is a property shared by **all** metals?

Accepted Answer

High electrical conductivity

Answer

Low thermal conductivity

Answer

Brittle

Answer

High melting point

Question 16

The first ionization energy of an element is the energy required to:

Accepted Answer

Remove an electron from the outermost shell

Answer

Add an electron to the outermost shell

Answer

Promote an electron to a higher energy level

Answer

Break the bond between two atoms

Question 17

Which of the following is **not** a spectroscopic technique used to study atomic structure?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Answer

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Answer

Atomic emission spectroscopy

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Question 18

The uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know both the:

Accepted Answer

Position and momentum of a particle with absolute certainty

Answer

Energy and time of a particle with absolute certainty

Answer

Position and velocity of a particle with absolute certainty

Answer

Momentum and energy of a particle with absolute certainty

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental particle?

Accepted Answer

Quark

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Neutron

Question 20

What is the atomic number of an atom defined as?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

The number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

The number of electrons in the outermost energy level

Question 21

What is the electron configuration of a neutral sodium atom in its ground state?

Accepted Answer

1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹

Answer

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²

Answer

1s²2s²2p⁶3p¹

Answer

1s²2s²2p⁸

Question 22

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a positive ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Phosphorus

Question 23

Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

l

Answer

n

Answer

m

Answer

s

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental subatomic particle of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Photon

Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Question 25

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of:

Accepted Answer

Protons

Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Electrons

Question 26

The Aufbau principle states that:

Accepted Answer

Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy.

Answer

Electrons fill orbitals in order of decreasing energy.

Answer

Orbitals can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

Answer

p-Orbitals have a higher energy level than d-orbitals.

Question 27

Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Potassium

Question 28

The radius of an atomic orbital increases as the:

Accepted Answer

Principal quantum number (n) increases

Answer

Azimuthal quantum number (l) increases

Answer

Magnetic quantum number (ml) increases

Answer

Spin quantum number (ms) increases

Question 29

Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

l

Answer

n

Answer

ml

Answer

ms

Question 30

The Pauli exclusion principle states that:

Accepted Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Answer

The maximum number of electrons in an orbital is two.

Answer

Electrons must occupy orbitals in pairs.

Answer

Electrons have a wave-particle duality.

Question 31

What is the atomic number of an element defined as?

Accepted Answer

The total number of protons

Answer

The total number of protons and neutrons

Answer

The total number of neutrons

Answer

The atomic mass of the element

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT an isotope of carbon?

Accepted Answer

C-15

Answer

C-12

Answer

C-13

Answer

C-14

Question 33

Which of the following elements is the most reactive alkali metal?

Accepted Answer

Cesium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Rubidium

Question 34

What is the mass number of an atom defined as?

Accepted Answer

The total number of protons and neutrons

Answer

The total number of protons

Answer

The total number of neutrons

Answer

The atomic number of the element

Question 35

Which of the following elements has the highest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Bromine

Answer

Iodine

Question 36

What is the Aufbau principle used to describe?

Accepted Answer

The order in which electrons fill atomic orbitals

Answer

The stability of atoms with a full valence shell

Answer

The energy levels of electrons in atoms

Answer

The shapes of atomic orbitals

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of noble gases?

Accepted Answer

They have a full valence shell.

Answer

They are highly reactive.

Answer

They exist as diatomic molecules.

Answer

They are good conductors of electricity.

Question 38

What is the shape of a d orbital?

Accepted Answer

Cloverleaf-shaped

Answer

Spherical

Answer

Dumbbell-shaped

Answer

Tetrahedral

Question 39

How does altering the number of neutrons affect the stability of an isotope?

Accepted Answer

The stability of the isotope may vary depending on the specific isotope

Answer

The isotope will invariably become more stable

Answer

The isotope will invariably become less stable

Answer

There will be no change in stability

Question 40

Which experimental technique allows us to determine the arrangement of electrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Atomic Spectroscopy

Answer

Mass Spectrometry

Answer

X-ray Crystallography

Answer

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

Question 41

Which of the following subatomic particles is considered the fundamental building block of matter?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

Photon

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Electron

Question 42

What is the atomic number of an atom defined as?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons

Answer

The number of neutrons

Answer

The number of orbitals

Answer

The number of electrons

Question 43

Identify the radioactive isotope among the following options:

Accepted Answer

Carbon-14

Answer

Hydrogen-1

Answer

Carbon-12

Answer

Oxygen-16

Question 44

Which element possesses the greatest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Helium

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Question 45

Which element among the following is classified as a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

Neon

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chlorine

Question 46

In methane (CH4), what is the hybridization of the central carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp

Answer

p2

Question 47

Which subatomic particle has the greatest mass?

Accepted Answer

Neutron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Positron

Question 48

What does the atomic number of an atom represent?

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of electrons in the atom

Answer

Mass of the nucleus

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a particle involved in nuclear reactions?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Answer

Alpha particle

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Proton

Question 50

The mass defect of an atom refers to the difference between:

Accepted Answer

Its actual mass and its predicted mass based on the masses of its constituent particles

Answer

Its relative atomic mass and its isotopic mass

Answer

Its mass number and its atomic number

Answer

Its atomic mass and its molar mass