Energy Metabolism Quizzes: Master the Basics of Energy Production

Question 1

Which of the following energy systems is NOT primarily utilized during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Phosphagen system

Answer

Glycogen-lactic acid system

Answer

Glycogen-oxygen system

Question 2

The substrate utilized by the phosphagen system is:

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Triglycerides

Question 3

The primary product of glycolysis during exercise is:

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Glucose-6-phosphate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

ATP

Question 4

Which of the following is the main substrate for oxidative phosphorylation during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Lactate

Question 5

What is the primary role of protein metabolism during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Build and repair muscle tissue

Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Regulate fluid balance

Answer

Transport nutrients

Question 6

What is the term for the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Energy homeostasis

Answer

Body composition

Answer

Metabolic rate

Answer

Substrate utilization

Question 7

Which of the following substances are NOT specifically used for energy production during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Question 8

What term describes the equilibrium between energy consumed and energy expended?

Accepted Answer

Energy balance

Answer

Metabolic rate

Answer

Body mass index

Answer

Basal metabolic rate

Question 9

What is the primary form in which carbohydrates are stored in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Fructose

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential health consequence associated with excessive body fat?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer

Reduced mobility

Answer

Decreased muscle mass

Answer

Improved insulin sensitivity

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT serve as a macronutrient energy source during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Protein

Question 12

What is the main function of protein during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Recovery and repair

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Hormone production

Answer

Neurotransmitter synthesis

Question 13

An individual with a higher muscle glycogen content can sustain higher exercise intensity for a longer duration due to:

Accepted Answer

Increased availability of glucose for energy production

Answer

Reduced muscle fatigue

Answer

Improved oxygen delivery to muscles

Answer

Enhanced hormonal response

Question 14

Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce energy?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Question 15

What is the term for the phenomenon where the body primarily relies on fat as an energy source during prolonged exercise?

Accepted Answer

Fat adaptation

Answer

Ketosis

Answer

Lipodynia

Answer

Caloric deficit

Question 16

What is the primary cause of muscle soreness and fatigue after intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid accumulation

Answer

Creatine phosphate depletion

Answer

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Answer

Hormonal imbalance

Question 17

During maximal-intensity exercise lasting less than 10 seconds, which energy source is primarily used?

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient that can be broken down by the body to provide energy?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 19

During high-intensity exercise, which of these is NOT a primary energy source for the body?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Creatine phosphate

Question 20

Which metabolic pathway generates the highest yield of ATP per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 21

What is the primary function of insulin in energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Facilitates glucose uptake by cells

Answer

Inhibits fat breakdown

Answer

Promotes glycogen breakdown

Answer

Stimulates gluconeogenesis

Question 22

Which of the following changes in body composition is commonly associated with regular aerobic activity?

Accepted Answer

Reduced body fat percentage

Answer

Increased muscle mass

Answer

Decreased bone density

Answer

Elevated resting heart rate

Question 23

What is the term used to describe the equilibrium between energy intake and energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Energy homeostasis

Answer

Energy surplus

Answer

Energy deficit

Answer

Caloric balance

Question 24

During high-intensity exercise lasting less than 10 seconds, which energy substrate is primarily utilized?

Accepted Answer

Phosphocreatine

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 25

Which energy system is characterized by its rapid ATP production but limited duration?

Accepted Answer

Phosphagen system

Answer

Glycolytic system

Answer

Aerobic system

Answer

Anaerobic lactic system

Question 26

What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the recovery phase following exercise?

Accepted Answer

Replenish muscle glycogen stores

Answer

Enhance protein synthesis

Answer

Reduce muscle soreness

Answer

Improve sleep quality

Question 27

Which of the following hormones plays a crucial role in releasing fat from storage during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Question 28

During extended exercise, what serves as the primary energy source for skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Protein

Question 29

What term describes the equilibrium between energy intake and expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Energy balance

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Energy deficit

Question 30

What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Generation of NADH and FADH2

Answer

ATP production

Answer

Glucose breakdown

Answer

Electron transport

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient that contributes to energy provision during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Lipids

Question 32

During short-duration, high-intensity exercise, the primary energy source utilized is:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 33

The process by which carbohydrates are transformed into glucose-6-phosphate for energy production is termed:

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Question 34

Which specific amino acid plays a primary role in gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Alanine

Answer

Asparagine

Answer

Glutamine

Answer

Serine

Question 35

The process of breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol is known as:

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Glucogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Question 36

Energy balance refers to:

Accepted Answer

The difference between energy intake and expenditure

Answer

The total energy stored in the body

Answer

The rate of energy production during exercise

Answer

The efficiency of energy transfer in the body

Question 37

For assessing body composition, which technique is considered the most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Answer

Skinfold calipers

Answer

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

Answer

Anthropometry

Question 38

Which of the following is the predominant fuel source for high-intensity exercise lasting up to 90 seconds?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates (glycogen)

Answer

Ketone bodies

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats (triglycerides)

Question 39

Complete glucose metabolism through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain generates approximately how many ATP molecules?

Accepted Answer

36-38

Answer

10-12

Answer

24-26

Answer

18-20

Question 40

Which enzyme regulates the rate-limiting step in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Answer

Pyruvate kinase

Answer

Lactate dehydrogenase

Answer

Hexokinase

Question 41

The process by which triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol is termed:

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 42

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Question 43

Which of the following factors does NOT influence basal metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

Exercise intensity

Answer

Muscle mass

Answer

Body weight

Answer

Age

Question 44

The fundamental principle of energy balance states that:

Accepted Answer

Energy intake equals energy expenditure

Answer

Energy expenditure is always greater than energy intake

Answer

Energy intake is always greater than energy expenditure

Answer

Energy intake is always less than energy expenditure

Question 45

A prolonged period of negative energy balance can lead to:

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition

Answer

Increased energy expenditure

Answer

Weight gain

Question 46

The ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Body fat percentage

Answer

Waist-to-hip ratio

Answer

Body mass index