The Endocrine System: Interactive Quizzes for Physical Education (Year 12)

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 2

What is the primary function of insulin?

Accepted Answer

To regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells

Answer

To stimulate growth and development

Answer

To regulate metabolism and energy production

Answer

To control reproductive processes

Question 3

What is the role of negative feedback in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

To maintain hormone levels within a narrow range by inhibiting hormone secretion when levels are high

Answer

To increase hormone secretion when levels are low

Answer

To stimulate the release of hormones from multiple glands simultaneously

Answer

To prevent the overproduction of hormones

Question 4

What is a consequence of hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production?

Accepted Answer

Increased metabolism, elevated heart rate, and weight loss

Answer

Decreased metabolism, slower heart rate, and weight gain

Answer

Muscle weakness, fatigue, and lethargy

Answer

Increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels

Question 5

Which gland secretes parathyroid hormone, a hormone involved in calcium and phosphate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Thymus gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 6

What is the function of the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

To regulate blood pressure and heart rate in response to stress

Answer

To produce red blood cells

Answer

To secrete enzymes involved in digestion

Answer

To control electrolyte balance

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Transportation of nutrients and oxygen

Answer

Regulation of metabolism

Answer

Maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis

Answer

Control of muscle growth and development

Question 8

Which of the following endocrine glands is located within the skull?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pancreas

Question 9

The process by which hormones interact with target cells is called:

Accepted Answer

Signal transduction

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 10

Which of the following conditions is caused by an overproduction of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 11

The hormone that triggers the onset of puberty is:

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Growth hormone (GH)

Answer

Prolactin

Question 12

The hormone that inhibits the secretion of prolactin from the pituitary gland is:

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Somatostatin

Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 13

The hormone that regulates the body's sleep-wake cycle is:

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Testosterone

Question 14

In which region of the brain is the pituitary gland situated?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Cerebral cortex

Answer

Thalamus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 15

Which hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 16

Which glands secrete hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which are involved in the body's stress response?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Insulin and glucagon

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 17

Which of the following is not a function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Digesting food

Answer

Regulating growth and development

Answer

Maintaining blood pressure

Answer

Controlling reproductive functions

Question 18

Which hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, is essential for normal bone growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 19

Which disorder results from an underactive thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 20

Which type of feedback loop is primarily responsible for regulating hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loops

Answer

Positive feedback loops

Answer

Closed-loop systems

Answer

Open-loop systems

Question 21

Which hormone, released by the adrenal glands, plays a significant role in the body's response to stress?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 22

The interaction between the endocrine and nervous systems in regulating bodily functions is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Neuroendocrine system

Answer

Cardiovascular system

Answer

Respiratory system

Answer

Digestive system

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting nerve signals

Answer

Regulating metabolism

Answer

Controlling blood sugar levels

Answer

Maintaining fluid balance

Question 24

Which hormone produced by the pituitary gland primarily stimulates growth?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Luteinizing hormone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 25

Which characteristic is unique to endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

They secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer

They are controlled by the nervous system.

Answer

They produce hormones in response to external stimuli.

Answer

They are located near major blood vessels.

Question 26

The release of growth hormone is under the control of:

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Answer

The thyroid gland and pituitary gland

Answer

The adrenal glands and pituitary gland

Answer

The pancreas and liver

Question 27

Which of the following illustrates a negative feedback mechanism in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone inhibits the release of TSH

Answer

Insulin increases blood sugar levels

Answer

Adrenaline stimulates the heart rate

Answer

Growth hormone promotes growth

Question 28

A person with hypopituitarism (underactive pituitary gland) is likely to experience:

Accepted Answer

Reduced growth

Answer

Increased metabolism

Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Elevated blood sugar levels

Question 29

Where are the adrenal glands primarily located?

Accepted Answer

Above the kidneys

Answer

Below the pancreas

Answer

Inside the skull

Answer

Near the thyroid gland

Question 30

Which hormone is involved in regulating water balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Testosterone

Question 31

Identify the hormone that is critical for preparing the body for the 'fight or flight' response.

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Progesterone

Question 32

Which hormone directly stimulates the breakdown of glycogen in the liver, leading to an increase in blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 33

Which endocrine gland located in the neck plays a crucial role in metabolism and growth?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Pineal gland

Question 34

The production of breast milk in nursing women is primarily stimulated by the hormone:

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Question 35

Which of the following characteristics accurately describes the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

It involves glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer

It uses ducts to transport hormones to target cells.

Answer

It is only active during puberty.

Answer

It has no role in maintaining homeostasis.

Question 36

The pancreas is responsible for secreting hormones involved in regulating:

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels

Answer

Growth and development

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Stress response

Question 37

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining calcium homeostasis in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 38

The hormone that promotes the growth of bones and muscles is:

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 39

Which of the following hormones operates through negative feedback mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 40

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 41

Which endocrine gland produces both glucagon and insulin?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 42

What is the primary function of thyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

Regulating metabolism

Answer

Stimulating muscle growth

Answer

Controlling blood pressure

Answer

Regulating sleep-wake cycles

Question 43

An athlete feels a surge of energy and heightened alertness just before a competition. Which hormone is most likely responsible for this response?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Rapid action

Answer

Hormonal communication

Answer

Wide-ranging effects

Answer

Long-lasting effects

Question 45

Which hormone plays a key role in regulating calcium levels in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 46

A deficiency in which hormone can lead to a condition known as dwarfism?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 47

Why is the pituitary gland often called the 'master gland'?

Accepted Answer

It controls the secretion of hormones from other endocrine glands.

Answer

It is the largest endocrine gland.

Answer

It secretes the most hormones in the body.

Question 48

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

When blood glucose levels rise, insulin is released, which lowers blood glucose levels.

Answer

Stress causes the release of cortisol, increasing blood sugar levels.

Answer

Exercise stimulates the release of adrenaline, increasing heart rate.

Question 49

How does the endocrine system interact with the nervous system to regulate bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus, a brain region, controls the pituitary gland, which then regulates other endocrine glands. This interaction allows for a coordinated response to internal and external stimuli.

Answer

The endocrine system operates independently of the nervous system.