Psychotic Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Expressive language impairment

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Question 2

In schizophrenia, the concept of 'insight' primarily refers to:

Accepted Answer

The patient's awareness and understanding of their illness

Answer

The patient's ability to adhere to medication regimens

Answer

The patient's capacity for social interaction

Answer

The patient's cognitive abilities

Question 3

Which of the following is a negative symptom of psychosis?

Accepted Answer

Avolition

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Question 4

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily implicated in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

GABA

Question 5

What is the key difference between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder?

Accepted Answer

Schizoaffective disorder has a greater emphasis on mood symptoms

Answer

Schizophrenia has a more chronic course

Answer

Schizophrenia involves delusions but not hallucinations

Answer

There is no significant difference between the two disorders

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Avolition

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of positive symptoms in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Flat affect

Answer

Avolition

Answer

Anhedonia

Question 8

Which type of delusion is most commonly experienced by individuals with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Persecutory delusions

Answer

Delusions of grandeur

Answer

Somatic delusions

Answer

Religious delusions

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter system is believed to be primarily dysregulated in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

GABA

Question 10

What is the term for experiencing voices that are not real?

Accepted Answer

Auditory hallucinations

Answer

Visual hallucinations

Answer

Tactile hallucinations

Answer

Olfactory hallucinations

Question 11

What is the term for the difficulty in experiencing pleasure or interest in activities?

Accepted Answer

Anhedonia

Answer

Avolition

Answer

Alogia

Answer

Affective flattening

Question 12

What is the term for a fixed, false belief that persists despite evidence to the contrary?

Accepted Answer

Delusion

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Obsession

Answer

Compulsion

Question 13

Which form of therapy aims to reduce psychotic symptoms by modifying thoughts and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Antipsychotic Medication

Answer

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Question 14

Which type of psychotic disorder involves persistent delusions with a single, overarching theme?

Accepted Answer

Delusional disorder

Answer

Schizophrenia

Answer

Schizoaffective disorder

Answer

Catatonic disorder

Question 15

What is the term for holding fixed, irrational beliefs despite evidence to the contrary?

Accepted Answer

Delusion

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Obsession

Answer

Compulsion

Question 16

Which type of therapy is used to help individuals with psychosis develop healthier thinking patterns?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

Answer

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Answer

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Question 17

What does 'theory of mind' refer to in the context of psychosis?

Accepted Answer

The ability to understand and interpret the thoughts and emotions of others

Answer

The ability to differentiate between reality and fantasy

Answer

The ability to control hallucinations and delusions

Answer

The ability to cope with social stress

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

High intelligence

Answer

Family history

Answer

Childhood trauma

Answer

Prenatal exposure to toxins

Question 19

What is the primary pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilisers

Answer

Stimulants

Question 20

How do environmental factors contribute to the development of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Environmental factors can exacerbate symptoms in genetically predisposed individuals.

Answer

Environmental factors are the sole cause of schizophrenia.

Answer

Environmental factors have no influence on the development of schizophrenia.

Answer

Environmental factors solely determine the onset and severity of schizophrenia.

Question 21

Which of the following best describes delusions of grandeur?

Accepted Answer

Beliefs of having extraordinary abilities or powers

Answer

Beliefs of being persecuted or spied on

Answer

Beliefs of being worthless or insignificant

Answer

Beliefs of impending doom

Question 22

Clarify the difference between hallucinations and illusions:

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations involve perceiving things that are not present, while illusions involve misinterpreting real stimuli.

Answer

Illusions involve perceiving things that are not present, while hallucinations involve misinterpreting real stimuli.

Answer

Hallucinations and illusions are essentially the same phenomenon.

Answer

Hallucinations are more common in schizophrenia than illusions.

Question 23

Which symptom is characteristic of disorganised schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Disorganised speech

Answer

Withdrawal from social activities

Answer

Flat affect

Answer

Delusions of reference

Question 24

Regarding the prognosis of schizophrenia, which statement is accurate?

Accepted Answer

With appropriate treatment, many individuals with schizophrenia can achieve a good quality of life.

Answer

Most individuals with schizophrenia experience a complete recovery.

Answer

Schizophrenia is an invariably debilitating condition with no hope for improvement.

Answer

The prognosis for schizophrenia is independent of the subtype and symptom severity.

Question 25

What is meant by 'neurocognitive deficit' in psychosis, and how does it affect an individual's daily life?

Accepted Answer

A decline in cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving abilities.

Answer

A lack of motivation and diminished interest in activities.

Answer

Perceptual disturbances, including hallucinations and delusions.

Answer

Enhanced cognitive abilities due to antipsychotic medications.

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Increased emotional expression

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Question 27

In the context of schizophrenia, define 'insight.' Explain its importance and how it can impact treatment and recovery.

Accepted Answer

Insight refers to the patient's understanding of their condition, including their symptoms and the need for treatment.

Answer

Insight is not a significant factor in determining treatment outcomes in schizophrenia.

Answer

Insight can only be gained through the use of antipsychotic medications.

Answer

Patients with schizophrenia typically have complete insight into their illness and its impact on their lives.

Question 28

Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia characterized by seeing or hearing things that are not present?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Avolition

Answer

Withdrawal

Answer

Anhedonia

Question 29

What is the term for an unshakeable belief that is not based on reality, despite evidence or logical reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Delusion

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Compulsion

Answer

Obsession

Question 30

Which neurotransmitter is hypothesized to have excessive activity in individuals with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 31

What is the primary pharmacological treatment for psychotic disorders?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic medication

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer

Psychotherapy

Answer

Deep brain stimulation

Question 32

What term describes a disorganized and incoherent thought process characterized by jumping from one topic to another?

Accepted Answer

Thought disorder

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Negative symptom

Answer

Delusion

Question 33

Which of the following is an example of a negative symptom of schizophrenia, characterized by a reduction in usual behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Alogia

Answer

Agitation

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Delusion

Question 34

What is the name of the diagnostic manual used to classify and diagnose mental disorders, including psychotic disorders?

Accepted Answer

DSM-5

Answer

WAIS-IV

Answer

ICD-11

Answer

PCL-R

Question 35

What is the term for a sensory experience that has no external source, such as hearing voices or seeing objects that are not present?

Accepted Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Obsession

Answer

Delusion