Human Body Systems: Interactive Quizzes for Sixth Form College Biology

Question 1

Which blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Veins

Answer

Arteries

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymph vessels

Question 2

What is the main purpose of the alveoli in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

To enable gas exchange

Answer

To create surfactant

Answer

To filter inhaled air

Answer

To support the respiratory muscles

Question 3

Which enzyme initiates the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 4

What is the function of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons?

Accepted Answer

To insulate the axon and enhance signal transmission

Answer

To protect the axon from damage

Answer

To synthesize neurotransmitters

Answer

To receive signals from neighboring neurons

Question 5

What is the primary energy source for cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Amino acids

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an essential mineral for human life?

Accepted Answer

Gold

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Iron

Question 7

What is the primary function of the pancreas in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

To secrete enzymes into the small intestine

Answer

To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

To store and release bile

Answer

To produce insulin and glucagon

Question 8

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

Filter blood

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Question 9

Which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Artery

Answer

Vein

Answer

Capillary

Question 10

Which organ produces digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Question 11

What is the lymphatic system's primary function?

Accepted Answer

Drain excess fluid and waste products

Answer

Produce white blood cells

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Question 12

Which hormone is involved in the 'fight-or-flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 13

What is the fundamental unit of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Neuron

Answer

Muscle cell

Answer

Glial cell

Question 14

Which organ filters waste products from the blood?

Accepted Answer

Kidney

Answer

Liver

Answer

Spleen

Question 15

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Question 16

Which of the following arteries carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

Vena cava

Question 17

Which enzyme in saliva initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lactase

Answer

Lipase

Question 18

What is the significance of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It creates an electrical gradient across the membrane

Answer

It transports nutrients into the neuron

Answer

It removes waste products from the neuron

Answer

It facilitates neurotransmitter release

Question 19

What is the primary function of a hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen in the blood

Answer

To exchange gases in the lungs

Answer

To regulate pH in the body

Answer

To remove carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of hormone action?

Accepted Answer

Inducing cell division

Answer

Binding to cell surface receptors

Answer

Activating second messengers

Answer

Changing gene expression

Question 21

What is the role of the eustachian tube in the ear?

Accepted Answer

To equalize pressure between the middle ear and the outside

Answer

To transmit sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear

Answer

To regulate the balance of the body

Answer

To protect the inner ear from loud sounds

Question 22

In the context of digestion, enzymes primarily serve to:

Accepted Answer

Break down complex molecules into simpler ones

Answer

Transport nutrients across cell membranes

Answer

Regulate pH levels in the digestive tract

Answer

Protect the digestive tract from pathogens

Question 23

Systole refers to:

Accepted Answer

Contraction phase of the heart

Answer

Relaxation phase of the heart

Answer

Electrical depolarization of the heart

Answer

Electrical repolarization of the heart

Question 24

The primary role of the spinal cord in the nervous system is to:

Accepted Answer

Transmit signals to and from the brain

Answer

Control voluntary movement

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Regulate emotions

Question 25

Which function is NOT carried out by the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells

Answer

Digesting food

Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Answer

Excreting waste products

Question 26

The primary function of the alveoli in the lungs is:

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Mucus production

Answer

Pathogen protection

Answer

Temperature regulation

Question 27

Which blood component is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Platelets

Answer

Plasma

Question 28

The involuntary muscle that contracts and relaxes to pump blood is called the:

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Voluntary muscle

Question 29

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 30

Which of the following is a common symptom of anaemia?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Swollen lymph nodes

Answer

Weight gain

Question 31

Which of the following is the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control and coordination of body activities

Answer

Digestion of food

Answer

Protection from infection

Answer

Reproduction

Question 32

Which part of the brain is responsible for maintaining balance and coordination?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 33

The process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules is known as:

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Excretion

Question 34

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Question 35

How does the endocrine system regulate metabolism? Explain the processes of hormone release, target cell recognition, and provide specific examples of hormones and their metabolic effects.

Accepted Answer

Hormones are released into the bloodstream and bind to receptors on target cells, triggering metabolic responses.

Answer

The endocrine system directly activates metabolic enzymes.

Answer

Hormones are released from glands and reach target cells through the nervous system.

Answer

The endocrine system does not regulate metabolism.

Question 36

Which of the following is the main blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood **away** from the heart to the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Vena cava

Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Question 37

What is the role of the respiratory system in maintaining **acid-base balance** in the body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of carbon dioxide concentration

Answer

Regulation of potassium ion concentration

Answer

Regulation of sodium ion concentration

Answer

Regulation of calcium ion concentration

Question 38

Which of the following is **not** a hormone involved in the regulation of blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 39

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating and controlling **voluntary** movement?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 40

Which of the following is the main type of cell found in the lining of the **digestive tract**?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cell

Answer

Nerve cell

Answer

Fat cell

Answer

Muscle cell

Question 41

What is the primary function of the **sympathetic** nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Prepares the body for "fight or flight" response

Answer

Prepares the body for rest and digestion

Answer

Relays sensory information to the brain

Answer

Controls involuntary functions like heart rate

Question 42

Which of the following is not a component of the **immune** system?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Answer

Lymph nodes

Answer

White blood cells

Answer

Antibodies

Question 43

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymphatic vessels

Answer

Veins

Question 44

What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange between the blood and air

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Waste elimination

Answer

Temperature regulation

Question 45

Which hormone plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 46

What is the primary role of the nervous system in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Receives and coordinates responses to various stimuli

Answer

Defends the body against pathogens

Answer

Regulates hormone secretion

Answer

Transports nutrients and gases

Question 47

Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Food breakdown and nutrient absorption

Answer

Hormone production

Answer

Elimination of waste products

Question 48

What is the primary role of white blood cells in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Combating infections

Answer

Hormone production

Answer

Blood clotting

Answer

Oxygen transport

Question 49

Which of the following is the largest artery in the human body that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Carotid artery

Answer

Radial artery

Question 50

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Mucus production

Answer

Oxygen storage

Answer

Carbon dioxide transport

Question 51

Which hormone is secreted in response to stress and stimulates the release of other stress hormones?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 52

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in response to a stressful situation?

Accepted Answer

Activates the body's 'fight-or-flight' response

Answer

Promotes the 'rest-and-digest' response

Answer

Regulates circadian rhythms

Answer

Manages body temperature