Social Geography: Delve into Human Society and Change

Question 1

Which aspect is NOT a core component of social structure?

Accepted Answer

Biophysical environment

Answer

Social institutions

Answer

Social networks

Answer

Social roles

Question 2

What is the term for a group of people who share a common culture, language, history, and often reside in a specific geographic area?

Accepted Answer

Ethnic group

Answer

Social class

Answer

Community

Answer

Subculture

Question 3

Which term refers to a social norm that is widely accepted and considered essential for the functioning of a society?

Accepted Answer

Mores

Answer

Folkway

Answer

Law

Answer

Taboo

Question 4

Which sociological perspective places emphasis on the subjective interpretations, meanings, and interactions of individuals within society?

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Structuralism

Question 5

What is the term for a social problem that is perceived as violating societal values and norms, often eliciting negative reactions?

Accepted Answer

Social deviance

Answer

Social dislocation

Answer

Social inequality

Answer

Social conflict

Question 6

Identify the concept that is NOT considered fundamental in the field of social geography?

Accepted Answer

Political ideologies

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Spatial inequality

Answer

Environmental determinism

Question 7

According to Karl Marx, what is the primary driving force behind social change?

Accepted Answer

Economic structures and relations

Answer

Political revolutions

Answer

Technological advancements

Answer

Cultural diffusion

Question 8

The term used to describe the movement of individuals or groups from one location to another in search of better opportunities is:

Accepted Answer

Migration

Answer

Globalization

Answer

Urbanization

Answer

Immigration

Question 9

Which of the following is a commonly used method for measuring social inequality?

Accepted Answer

The Gini coefficient

Answer

The Human Development Index

Answer

The Social Mobility Index

Answer

The Equality Index

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** a defining characteristic of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Equality of opportunity

Answer

Inherent inequality

Answer

Ascribed status

Answer

Vertical mobility

Question 11

Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of social conflict in shaping society?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 12

Which of the following is a key concept in feminist theory?

Accepted Answer

Patriarchy

Answer

Social capital

Answer

Bourdieu's habitus

Answer

Risk society

Question 13

Which of the following is a method commonly used in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Survey research

Answer

Content analysis

Answer

Meta-analysis

Question 14

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a Gemeinschaft society?

Accepted Answer

Strong social bonds built on shared values and traditions

Answer

High levels of social inequality

Answer

Rapid social change

Answer

Emphasis on individualism and self-interest

Question 15

According to Emile Durkheim, how does social solidarity contribute to maintaining social order?

Accepted Answer

It fosters a sense of unity and shared purpose within society.

Answer

It encourages competition and individualism, promoting social progress.

Answer

It leads to social conflict and unrest due to differing values and interests.

Answer

It has no significant impact on social order.

Question 16

The process by which individuals learn and adopt the values, beliefs, and behaviors of their social group is known as:

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Acculturation

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Diffusion

Question 17

The sociological perspective on social inequality primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Investigating the causes and mechanisms that create and maintain social inequality

Answer

Measuring the extent of social inequality in different societies

Answer

Examining the impact of social inequality on individuals and groups

Answer

Proposing solutions to address social inequality

Question 18

According to the conflict theory perspective, the primary driving force behind social change is:

Accepted Answer

The struggle for power and resources between different social groups

Answer

Technological advancements

Answer

Demographic changes

Answer

Cultural diffusion

Question 19

The process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, and beliefs of their society is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Enculturation

Answer

Acculturation

Answer

Assimilation

Question 20

Which sociological theory emphasizes the significance of conflict, competition, and power struggles in driving social change?

Accepted Answer

Marxism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer

Feminism

Question 21

The concept of 'social capital' refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Informal networks of relationships and trust in a community

Answer

Financial assets accumulated by individuals within a society

Answer

Educational qualifications obtained by the population

Answer

Physical infrastructure available in a region

Question 22

A defining characteristic of a post-industrial society is the:

Accepted Answer

Predominance of service sector employment opportunities

Answer

High levels of upward social mobility

Answer

Continued emphasis on heavy industries

Answer

Stagnant technological innovation

Question 23

The concept of 'cultural hegemony' is associated with which theorist?

Accepted Answer

Antonio Gramsci

Answer

Karl Marx

Answer

Emile Durkheim

Answer

Max Weber

Question 24

Migration can have both positive and negative impacts on a host society. Which of the following is a potential negative consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased strain on public services and infrastructure

Answer

Increased cultural diversity within the society

Answer

Economic growth and job creation

Answer

Enhanced social cohesion

Question 25

In social geography, which of the following is an example of a 'qualitative' research method?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Statistical analysis of quantitative data

Answer

GIS mapping and spatial analysis

Answer

Remote sensing using satellite imagery

Question 26

Social change is a complex phenomenon that can have both positive and negative impacts on society. Evaluate this statement, considering the potential benefits and drawbacks of social change.

Accepted Answer

Social change can be either positive or negative, depending on the specific context and circumstances.

Answer

Social change is always beneficial because it leads to progress and innovation.

Answer

Social change is never positive because it disrupts the established order and creates uncertainty.

Answer

There is not enough information provided to determine whether social change is positive or negative.

Question 27

How do social institutions, like families, schools, and hospitals, contribute to social order and stability?

Accepted Answer

By giving people a sense of belonging, setting rules for behavior, and promoting shared values.

Answer

By setting rules for behavior and promoting shared values.

Answer

By setting rules for behavior and providing resources.

Answer

By providing resources and promoting shared values.

Question 28

Karl Marx believed social inequality stemmed primarily from:

Accepted Answer

Control over resources and production

Answer

Varying levels of education

Answer

Individual decisions and actions

Question 29

The process of moving from one social class to another is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Cultural assimilation

Answer

Socialization

Question 30

Which of the following is a key feature of symbolic interactionism?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on the meaning individuals attach to their interactions

Answer

Reliance on quantitative data analysis

Answer

Focus on the objective structure of society

Question 31

A critique of functionalism is its:

Accepted Answer

Overemphasis on social harmony and stability

Answer

Focus on individual agency

Answer

Descriptive nature of the theory

Answer

Lack of empirical evidence

Question 32

The idea that social institutions are interconnected is a key tenet of the:

Accepted Answer

Functionalist perspective

Answer

Feminist perspective

Answer

Marxist perspective

Answer

Symbolic interactionist perspective

Question 33

A criticism of conflict theory is its:

Accepted Answer

Tendency to oversimplify social conflicts

Answer

Lack of empirical support

Answer

Emphasis on individual agency

Answer

Focus on social harmony

Question 34

Social control refers to:

Accepted Answer

The mechanisms society uses to regulate behavior

Answer

The ability of individuals to influence others

Answer

The process by which society reproduces itself

Question 35

Which of the following is the best definition of 'social stratification'?

Accepted Answer

A hierarchical system where society classifies individuals into distinct categories based on their social status.

Answer

The seamless movement of individuals between different social classes.

Answer

The dynamic interactions of various cultural groups within a society.

Question 36

Gentrification is a process that typically results in:

Accepted Answer

Displacement of lower-income residents due to rising housing costs.

Answer

Increased criminal activity as affluent individuals settle in the area.

Answer

Decline in local businesses as demand decreases.

Question 37

Which theory posits that population growth plays a significant role in driving societal change?

Accepted Answer

Malthusian Theory

Answer

World Systems Theory

Answer

Dependency Theory

Answer

Modernization Theory

Question 38

A distinguishing characteristic of a 'post-industrial' society is:

Accepted Answer

Predominance of service industries and knowledge-based sectors.

Answer

Heavy reliance on agriculture and extraction of raw materials.

Answer

Limited technological advancement and low educational attainment.

Question 39

The term 'cultural diffusion' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The spread of cultural beliefs and practices from one group or society to another.

Answer

Preservation of traditional cultures in the face of globalization.

Answer

Conflicts that arise when various cultures come into contact.

Question 40

Which of these is not generally considered a 'pull' factor in migration?

Accepted Answer

High crime rates and social unrest in the country of origin.

Answer

Access to better education and healthcare in the destination country.

Answer

Improved job prospects and higher salaries in the destination country.

Question 41

The 'digital divide' primarily refers to disparities in:

Accepted Answer

Access to and use of information and communication technologies.

Answer

Quality of public transportation infrastructure.

Answer

Affordability of housing in urban areas.

Question 42

A potential impact of an aging population on a society is:

Accepted Answer

Increased pressure on healthcare systems and social security programs.

Answer

Increased social unrest and crime due to a diminishing workforce.

Answer

Decline in innovation and economic productivity.

Question 43

The concept of 'social justice' emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Fairness and equal distribution of resources and opportunities among individuals and groups.

Answer

Prioritizing economic growth as the primary measure of societal progress.

Answer

Maintaining existing social hierarchies and power structures.