Moral Dilemmas: Interactive Quizzes for Philosophy Year 13

Question 1

Which ethical principle focuses on the consequences of actions, prioritizing the greatest good for the greatest number?

Accepted Answer

Consequentialism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Natural law

Question 2

According to Kantian ethics, actions possess intrinsic moral worth if they:

Accepted Answer

Adhere to universal moral principles

Answer

Promote happiness

Answer

Are performed with good intentions

Answer

Benefit society as a whole

Question 3

The thought experiment known as the 'veil of ignorance' is designed to:

Accepted Answer

Evaluate the fairness of social and political systems

Answer

Predict the outcomes of different ethical choices

Answer

Explore the本质 of human nature

Answer

Demonstrate the role of reason in morality

Question 4

According to utilitarianism, which action is morally correct?

Accepted Answer

The one that maximizes overall well-being.

Answer

The one that follows a universal moral rule.

Answer

The one that promotes virtue and duty.

Answer

The one that respects individual rights.

Question 5

Which advantage does deontological ethics offer?

Accepted Answer

It provides universal moral guidelines.

Answer

It considers the consequences of actions.

Answer

It emphasizes personal freedom.

Answer

It is based on scientific evidence.

Question 6

In virtue ethics, what characterizes a virtuous individual?

Accepted Answer

Possessing moral virtues and excellences.

Answer

Strictly adhering to moral rules.

Answer

Focusing on maximizing pleasure.

Answer

Prioritizing individual rights.

Question 7

The Trolley Problem is a moral dilemma that illustrates the tension between:

Accepted Answer

Duty to save lives versus the right to bodily autonomy

Answer

Individual rights and collective well-being

Answer

Justice and mercy

Answer

Autonomy and beneficence

Question 8

The Golden Rule, found in many ethical traditions, emphasizes the importance of:

Accepted Answer

Treating others as one wishes to be treated

Answer

Seeking revenge against those who harm us

Answer

Following societal norms

Answer

Pursuing one's own self-interest

Question 9

According to existentialism, the individual is primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Creating their own meaning and values in life

Answer

Adhering to predetermined moral codes

Answer

Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain

Answer

Conforming to social expectations

Question 10

The concept of 'double effect' in Catholic moral theology refers to:

Accepted Answer

An action that has both good and bad effects, but the good effect is intended and the bad effect is foreseen but not intended.

Answer

An action that is morally evil in itself, but is justified if it brings about a greater good.

Answer

An action that is morally permissible even if it violates a moral rule, provided it is done with a clear conscience.

Answer

An action that is morally wrong and should never be performed, regardless of the consequences.

Question 11

The principle of respect for persons, as articulated by Immanuel Kant, requires that we treat others as:

Accepted Answer

Autonomous beings with inherent worth and dignity

Answer

Means to our own ends

Answer

Objects to be used and manipulated

Answer

Subordinate to the will of the majority

Question 12

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of utilitarian ethics?

Accepted Answer

The greatest happiness for the greatest number

Answer

The principle of non-maleficence

Answer

The categorical imperative

Answer

The golden rule

Question 13

The Trolley Problem is an example of a moral dilemma involving:

Accepted Answer

A choice between sacrificing one person to save many

Answer

A conflict between two moral duties

Answer

A decision based on personal values

Answer

An ethical issue with no clear solution

Question 14

According to Immanuel Kant, an action is morally right if it is:

Accepted Answer

Consistent with the universal moral law

Answer

Produces the most happiness

Answer

Beneficial to society

Answer

In accordance with personal beliefs

Question 15

The theory of moral particularism suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Moral judgments depend on the specific context

Answer

Moral rules are universally applicable in all situations

Answer

Intuition should be the primary guide for ethical decision-making

Answer

Reason is the only reliable source of moral knowledge

Question 16

Which ethical theory focuses on achieving the greatest happiness for the most people?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 17

Which ethical theory prioritizes the maximization of overall well-being?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Existentialism

Question 18

In the classic trolley problem, where sacrificing one person could save five, which approach would a utilitarian advocate for?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing the well-being of the majority.

Answer

Refraining from taking any action.

Answer

Considering the specific circumstances of the individuals involved.

Answer

Relying on chance to determine the outcome.

Question 19

Which philosopher famously argued that ethical actions stem from following universal moral rules?

Accepted Answer

Immanuel Kant

Answer

John Stuart Mill

Answer

Aristotle

Answer

Jean-Paul Sartre

Question 20

Which ethical theory emphasizes the development of admirable character traits as the foundation for virtuous behavior?

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Existentialism

Question 21

How do personal beliefs and life experiences shape our ethical judgments?

Accepted Answer

Their influence varies depending on the person and situation.

Answer

They have no influence.

Answer

They always lead to biased judgments.

Answer

They should never be considered.

Question 22

According to Utilitarianism, an action is morally right if it results in:

Accepted Answer

The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people

Answer

The least harm to the greatest number of people

Answer

The most benefit to all involved

Answer

The most just outcome for all parties

Question 23

A key feature of Deontological ethics is its emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

The duty or obligation of the actor

Answer

The consequences of the action

Answer

The intrinsic value of individuals

Answer

The greatest overall happiness

Question 24

In the Trolley Problem, you face a choice between sacrificing one person to save five. Which ethical theory would justify this sacrifice?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Contractarianism

Question 25

According to Kantian ethics, an action is morally right if:

Accepted Answer

It can be universally applied as a moral law for all rational beings

Answer

It is based on duty and respect for others

Answer

It conforms to the principles of natural law

Answer

It leads to the most virtuous outcome

Question 26

In the Medical Triage case, you must decide which patients receive life-saving treatment when resources are limited. Which ethical principle might guide this decision?

Accepted Answer

Justice and fairness

Answer

Autonomy and informed consent

Answer

Non-maleficence and beneficence

Answer

Virtue and character

Question 27

Which of the following most accurately describes a characteristic of a moral dilemma?

Accepted Answer

It involves a conflict between two or more equally valid moral principles

Answer

It offers an easy choice between two equally appealing options

Answer

It can be resolved by applying a set of universal ethical rules

Answer

There is a right and wrong answer

Question 28

Which of the following ethical theories gives utmost importance to adhering to universal moral rules?

Accepted Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Existentialism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 29

Define a moral dilemma.

Accepted Answer

A situation where an individual must choose between two or more actions with conflicting moral implications

Answer

A situation where an individual must always choose right over wrong

Question 30

According to utilitarianism, the most ethical action in a moral dilemma is the one that:

Accepted Answer

Produces the greatest overall happiness or well-being

Answer

Conforms to a universal moral rule

Answer

Causes the least harm

Question 31

Identify a key criticism of ethical egoism.

Accepted Answer

It prioritizes self-interest above the interests of others

Answer

It lacks clear guidance for moral dilemmas

Answer

It is overly complex and impractical

Question 32

According to Kantian ethics, the ethically correct action in a dilemma is the one that:

Accepted Answer

Conforms to a universal moral principle

Answer

Produces the most happiness

Answer

Causes the least harm

Question 33

Which of the following is not a step in the ethical decision-making process?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring the consequences of your actions

Answer

Identifying the relevant ethical principles

Answer

Considering different ethical perspectives

Question 34

What is a key advantage of studying moral dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing critical thinking skills

Answer

Wasting time on hypothetical scenarios

Answer

Providing guaranteed morally correct answers

Question 35

What is a limitation of using ethical theories to resolve moral dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

Their potential abstractness and difficulty in real-world application

Answer

Their ability to provide clear and unambiguous guidance

Answer

Their comprehensive consideration of all relevant factors

Question 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of a moral dilemma?

Accepted Answer

It presents a conflict between two equally compelling moral principles.

Answer

It is devoid of any emotional weight.

Answer

It has a simple and straightforward solution.

Answer

It involves only ethical principles.

Question 37

According to Utilitarianism, the most ethical action is the one that:

Accepted Answer

Produces the greatest net benefit for the greatest number of people affected by the action.

Answer

Conforms to the established moral norms and rules.

Answer

Respects the rights of all individuals involved.

Question 38

What is the significance of informed consent in medical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

It ensures that patients have the autonomy to make informed choices about their own healthcare.

Answer

It guarantees that patients receive the most innovative treatments available.

Answer

It protects healthcare professionals from legal liability.

Question 39

In moral decision-making, what is the role of empathy?

Accepted Answer

It fosters an understanding of and concern for the feelings and perspectives of others.

Answer

It ensures that moral decisions are always rational and unemotional.

Answer

It prevents individuals from making biased and discriminatory judgments.

Question 40

Which of the following is an example of a deontological ethical theory?

Accepted Answer

Kantian Ethics

Answer

Virtue Ethics

Answer

Care Ethics

Answer

Utilitarianism