Sleep and Dreaming: Dive into the Science of Sleep and Dreams

Question 1

The process by which short-term memories are transferred to long-term storage during sleep is known as:

Accepted Answer

Memory consolidation

Answer

Sleep deprivation

Answer

REM rebound

Answer

Sleep apnea

Question 2

Insomnia, a common sleep disorder, is characterized primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Consistent difficulty falling or staying asleep

Answer

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Answer

Vivid and frequent nightmares

Answer

Loud and disruptive snoring

Question 3

During which stage of the sleep cycle does the body typically reach its deepest level of sleep?

Accepted Answer

N3 (deep sleep)

Answer

N1 (light sleep)

Answer

N2 (intermediate sleep)

Answer

REM sleep

Question 4

What is the approximate average duration of a complete sleep cycle?

Accepted Answer

90-120 minutes

Answer

60-90 minutes

Answer

120-150 minutes

Answer

Over 150 minutes

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary function of sleep?

Accepted Answer

Promoting weight loss

Answer

Restoring energy levels

Answer

Repairing bodily tissues

Answer

Boosting the immune system

Question 6

According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, dreams are thought to be the result of:

Accepted Answer

The brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity during sleep

Answer

The subconscious mind trying to communicate hidden desires

Answer

The processing and integration of daytime experiences

Answer

Physical sensations and stimuli triggering mental imagery

Question 7

Which sleep disorder is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, often leading to unintended naps or episodes of falling asleep?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Answer

Insomnia

Answer

Sleep apnea

Answer

Circadian rhythm disorder

Question 8

The recommended duration of sleep for most adults is:

Accepted Answer

8-10 hours

Answer

5-7 hours

Answer

10-12 hours

Answer

12-14 hours

Question 9

The subjective experience of time being altered, such as feeling like events occur more quickly or slowly than in reality, is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Time distortion

Answer

Time dilation

Answer

Dream time

Answer

Temporal drift

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a stage of sleep, but rather a state of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

Awake

Answer

N1

Answer

REM Sleep

Answer

N3

Question 11

Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 12

What is the phenomenon of remembering dreams more vividly when awakened during REM sleep called?

Accepted Answer

Dream recall

Answer

Dream incubation

Answer

REM rebound

Answer

Lucid dreaming

Question 13

What is the gradual loss of memory over time referred to as?

Accepted Answer

Forgetting curve

Answer

Sleep deprivation

Answer

Amnesia

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of sleepwalking?

Accepted Answer

Walking or engaging in other activities while asleep

Answer

Loud snoring

Answer

Nightmares

Answer

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Question 15

What is the term for the period of rapid eye movements observed during REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

REM bursts

Answer

Sleep spindles

Answer

Theta waves

Answer

Delta waves

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of adequate sleep?

Accepted Answer

Reduced appetite

Answer

Enhanced cognitive function

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Lower stress levels

Question 17

What is the state of partial or incomplete wakefulness experienced before falling asleep or upon waking called?

Accepted Answer

Hypnagogia

Answer

Sleep inertia

Answer

Lucid dreaming

Answer

REM atonia

Question 18

Which sleep disorder is known for causing extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep episodes?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Answer

Insomnia

Answer

Sleep Apnea

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a stage of non-REM (NREM) sleep?

Accepted Answer

R

Answer

N1

Answer

N2

Answer

N3

Question 20

What is the primary role of melatonin in sleep?

Accepted Answer

To induce drowsiness

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To suppress REM sleep

Answer

To promote wakefulness

Question 21

Which neurotransmitter is largely responsible for initiating REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 22

What is the term for the brief periods of wakefulness that can occur during sleep?

Accepted Answer

Microwakes

Answer

Sleep spindles

Answer

K-complexes

Answer

REM atonia

Question 23

What is the distinction between manifest content and latent content in dream analysis?

Accepted Answer

Manifest content is the literal meaning, while latent content is the hidden meaning

Answer

Latent content is the literal meaning, while manifest content is the hidden meaning

Answer

They are both the same thing

Answer

Neither of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of obtaining adequate sleep?

Accepted Answer

Impaired immune function

Answer

Improved cognitive function

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Increased alertness

Question 25

Prolonged sleep deprivation can lead to a range of negative consequences. Which of the following is a potential outcome of chronic sleep deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Compromised overall health

Answer

Enhanced cognitive abilities

Answer

Improved mood

Answer

Strengthened immune system

Question 26

Which neurochemical is primarily responsible for promoting the transition from wakefulness to sleep?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 27

What is a circadian rhythm and how does it regulate sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

An internal clock that aligns with external cues like daylight, regulating bodily functions including sleep-wake cycles.

Answer

Changes in body temperature over the day and night that affect sleep-wake patterns.

Answer

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that promotes sleepiness at night and alertness during the day.

Answer

The distinct stages of sleep experienced throughout the night.

Question 28

Which technique regulates the body's sleep-wake cycle by adjusting light exposure?

Accepted Answer

Light therapy

Answer

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer

Hypnosis

Answer

Progressive muscle relaxation

Question 29

In sleep research, which ethical principle is of utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

Preserving participant confidentiality

Answer

Ensuring equipment safety

Answer

Prioritizing participant comfort

Answer

Guaranteeing data accuracy

Question 30

Which sleep stage is characterized by the onset of sleep, characterized by slowed brain waves and reduced muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

N1 (Non-REM 1)

Answer

R (REM)

Answer

N3 (Non-REM 3)

Answer

N2 (Non-REM 2)

Question 31

Which sleep stage is known for its rapid eye movements and vivid dreaming?

Accepted Answer

R (REM)

Answer

N3 (Non-REM 3)

Answer

N1 (Non-REM 1)

Answer

N2 (Non-REM 2)

Question 32

Which hormone plays a crucial role in regulating the body's circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 33

What is the term for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Answer

Restless leg syndrome

Answer

Insomnia

Answer

Sleep apnea

Question 34

What is a primary function of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

Memory consolidation and emotional regulation

Answer

Waste product removal

Answer

Hormone release

Answer

Physical and cognitive restoration

Question 35

Which substance can negatively impact sleep quality when consumed before bed?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine

Answer

Exposure to sunlight during the day

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

A consistent sleep schedule

Question 36

What is the general effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive function?

Accepted Answer

Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive function.

Answer

Sleep deprivation improves cognitive function in the long term.

Answer

Sleep deprivation enhances cognitive function.

Answer

Cognitive function is unaffected by sleep deprivation.

Question 37

What is the term for the temporary state of reduced alertness and cognitive function that occurs during the transition from sleep to wakefulness?

Accepted Answer

Sleep inertia

Answer

Nocturnal myoclonus

Answer

REM rebound

Answer

Parasomnia