Crime and Social Control: Quizzes and Study Guide for Sociology Year 13

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a formal mechanism of social control?

Accepted Answer

Family

Answer

Police

Answer

Courts

Answer

Prisons

Question 2

Which sociological theory attributes crime to social inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Anomie theory

Answer

Biological determinism

Answer

Social disorganization theory

Answer

Social learning theory

Question 3

The labelling theory of crime suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Labels and categorization can shape individuals' self-perception and behavior

Answer

Crime is a rational choice made by individuals

Answer

Biological factors determine criminal behavior

Answer

Economic conditions are the root cause of crime

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of crime on society?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced community spirit and unity

Answer

Increased fear and anxiety among citizens

Answer

Economic losses due to property damage and lost productivity

Answer

Social stigma and discrimination against crime victims

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of informal social control?

Accepted Answer

It relies on written rules to be effective.

Answer

It is based on shared norms and values.

Answer

It is often subtle and indirect.

Answer

It can be highly effective in preventing crime.

Question 6

Which of the following theories of crime causation proposes that crime is caused by a lack of social control?

Accepted Answer

Social Control Theory

Answer

Social Learning Theory

Answer

Strain Theory

Answer

Differential Association Theory

Question 7

Which of the following is not a factor that can contribute to the effectiveness of informal social control?

Accepted Answer

Government surveillance

Answer

Strong social bonds

Answer

Clear social norms

Answer

Peer pressure

Question 8

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of restorative justice?

Accepted Answer

Focusing on reparation and reconciliation

Answer

Prioritising retribution and punishment

Answer

Excluding victims from the process

Answer

Emphasising deterrence and intimidation

Question 9

What is the primary objective of situational crime prevention?

Accepted Answer

Reducing the opportunity for crime

Answer

Increasing the perception of risk

Answer

Enhancing community relationships

Answer

Deterring individuals from criminal activity

Question 10

What is the primary distinction between primary and secondary deviance?

Accepted Answer

Secondary deviance is a response to societal reactions to primary deviance

Answer

Primary deviance is more severe than secondary deviance

Answer

Primary deviance is committed for personal gain, while secondary deviance is committed for social or political reasons

Answer

There is no meaningful distinction between primary and secondary deviance

Question 11

Which of the following is an important limitation to consider when using crime statistics?

Accepted Answer

They can be influenced by factors such as reporting practices and police recording

Answer

They are always accurate and reliable

Answer

They provide a complete picture of all crime that occurs

Answer

They should be used without hesitation when making comparisons across different areas or time periods

Question 12

What is the overarching goal of prison rehabilitation programmes?

Accepted Answer

Reducing recidivism

Answer

Punishing offenders

Answer

Providing basic education and job training

Answer

Deterring future crime

Question 13

According to labelling theory, what is the primary factor that determines whether an individual is considered deviant?

Accepted Answer

The societal reaction to their behaviour

Answer

Their behaviour

Answer

Their social class

Answer

Their mental health

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT considered a form of state social control?

Accepted Answer

Religious beliefs

Answer

CCTV cameras

Answer

Traffic laws

Answer

School regulations

Question 15

In which social institution does primary socialization typically occur?

Accepted Answer

Family

Answer

School

Answer

Peer group

Answer

Workplace

Question 16

According to conflict theory, what is the root cause of crime?

Accepted Answer

Social inequality

Answer

Individual pathology

Answer

Cultural deprivation

Answer

Lack of education

Question 17

Select the primary function of social control in society.

Accepted Answer

To maintain social order

Answer

To promote social equality

Answer

To stimulate economic growth

Answer

To ensure national security

Question 18

According to anomie theory, what social condition is most closely associated with increased crime rates?

Accepted Answer

A gap between aspirations and opportunities

Answer

High levels of social cohesion

Answer

Shared cultural goals and values

Answer

Strong family and community bonds

Question 19

According to Durkheim's theory of anomie, what social condition is most likely to lead to an increase in crime?

Accepted Answer

A rapidly changing society

Answer

A stable and predictable society

Answer

A society with strong social norms

Answer

A society with a high level of social integration

Question 20

Which of the following is a key critique of labelling theory?

Accepted Answer

It ignores the impact of structural factors on crime

Answer

It overemphasizes the role of the media in creating crime

Answer

It fails to consider the experiences of victims

Answer

It is based on a limited sample size

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a function of social control?

Accepted Answer

Preventing social change

Answer

Maintaining social order

Answer

Promoting social stability

Answer

Protecting individuals from harm

Question 22

Research on the effectiveness of social control has found that:

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of social control depends on a range of factors, such as the type of crime and the social context

Answer

Formal social control is always more effective than informal social control

Answer

Informal social control is more effective in preventing crime than formal social control

Answer

Social control is equally effective across all social groups

Question 23

Which of the following sociological theories emphasizes the importance of conflict in society?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Feminism

Question 24

The 'broken windows' theory suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Minor acts of disorder can lead to more serious crimes

Answer

Neighbourhoods with a high level of social control are more likely to experience crime

Answer

The police should focus their resources on combating serious crimes

Answer

Crime is inevitable and cannot be prevented

Question 25

Which of the following sociological theories does NOT focus on the role of social structures in explaining crime?

Accepted Answer

Biological theory

Answer

Social control theory

Answer

Strain theory

Answer

Differential association theory

Question 26

Parental guidance falls under which type of social control?

Accepted Answer

Informal

Answer

Formal

Answer

External

Answer

Internal

Question 27

According to anomie theory, which of the following is a precondition for crime?

Accepted Answer

A mismatch between goals and legitimate opportunities

Answer

A lack of social support

Answer

Biological predisposition

Answer

Weak social norms

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a potential drawback of using surveillance cameras for crime prevention?

Accepted Answer

Reduced police presence

Answer

Increased fear of crime

Answer

Erosion of privacy

Answer

Misidentification of suspects

Question 29

A unique characteristic of the police, compared to other social control agencies, is their:

Accepted Answer

Authority to use force

Answer

Emphasis on rehabilitation

Answer

Focus on social welfare

Answer

Accountability to the public

Question 30

How do primary and secondary socialisation contribute to the development of social control in individuals?

Accepted Answer

Primary socialisation establishes basic values and norms, while secondary socialisation reinforces and expands them.

Answer

Secondary socialisation is the primary means of shaping an individual's moral compass.

Question 31

Identify a key characteristic of formal social control.

Accepted Answer

Aim to maintain societal stability and order

Answer

Dependence on non-governmental actors

Answer

Emphasis on personal accountability

Answer

Focus on penalizing crime rather than prevention

Question 32

According to labeling theory, which factor is crucial in shaping an individual's deviant behavior?

Accepted Answer

Designation as deviant by others

Answer

Inherited genetic traits

Answer

Voluntary choice and intent

Answer

Imitation of deviant peers

Question 33

What is the primary objective of restorative justice?

Accepted Answer

Reintegration of offenders into society

Answer

Severe punishment of offenders

Answer

Protection of society from crime

Answer

Prevention of future criminal behavior

Question 34

Which type of social control relies on informal norms and expectations?

Accepted Answer

Informal social control

Answer

Formal social control

Answer

Institutional social control

Answer

Cultural social control

Question 35

How does social disorganization theory explain the relationship between economic deprivation and crime?

Accepted Answer

Poverty fosters social isolation and limited opportunities

Answer

Poverty breeds a culture of violence and criminality

Answer

Underprivileged areas lack resources for crime prevention

Answer

Poverty strengthens community bonds and support

Question 36

Differentiate between formal and informal social control. Which of the following is a key distinction?

Accepted Answer

Formal social control is enforced by state agents, whereas informal social control is enforced by non-state actors.

Answer

Formal social control is solely punitive, while informal social control is always supportive.

Question 37

Identify an example of informal social control.

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure

Answer

Prisons

Answer

Police patrols

Answer

Courts

Question 38

Which sociological theory of crime emphasizes the impact of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 39

According to labeling theory, being labeled as a criminal can lead to:

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer

Increased social status

Answer

Improved employment prospects

Answer

Reduced likelihood of reoffending

Question 40

Identify a criticism of the police.

Accepted Answer

Racial profiling

Answer

Low morale

Answer

Lack of resources

Question 41

Which approach to justice emphasizes repairing harm and fostering reconciliation?

Accepted Answer

Victim-offender mediation

Answer

Imprisonment

Answer

Community service

Answer

Fines

Question 42

Which factor is crucial for the effectiveness of crime prevention programs?

Accepted Answer

Targeting high-risk groups

Answer

Using the latest technology

Answer

Increasing police presence

Question 43

Which ethical concern is paramount in the study of crime and social control?

Accepted Answer

Protection of individual rights

Answer

The use of research findings by law enforcement

Answer

The potential for research to stigmatize certain groups

Answer

The impact of research on public opinion