Organic Chemistry Basics: Introduction and Key Concepts

Question 1

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH3CH2COOH?

Accepted Answer

Propanoic acid

Answer

Ethanal

Answer

Butanoic acid

Answer

Pentanoic acid

Question 2

What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in methane (CH4)?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 3

Which of the following reactions is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution?

Accepted Answer

Nitration of benzene

Answer

Addition of HCl to an alkene

Answer

Saponification of an ester

Answer

Hydrolysis of an amide

Question 4

What is the major product of the following reaction: CH3CH2CH=CH2 + H2?

Accepted Answer

1-Butene

Answer

Propane

Answer

2-Butene

Answer

2-Methylpropane

Question 5

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

1-Butanol

Answer

Methane

Answer

Ethanol

Answer

1-Propanol

Question 6

What type of isomerism is exhibited by the following compounds: CH3CH2CH2Cl and CH3CHClCH3?

Accepted Answer

Constitutional isomerism

Answer

Stereoisomerism

Answer

Enantiomerism

Answer

Diastereomerism

Question 7

Which of the following is a nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

OH-

Answer

H+

Answer

CH3+

Answer

Cl-

Question 8

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Solubility in water

Answer

Covalent bonding

Answer

High melting and boiling points

Answer

Polarity

Question 9

Identify the functional group present in carboxylic acids:

Accepted Answer

-COOH

Answer

-OH

Answer

-NH2

Answer

-C=O

Question 10

Which prefix is used to indicate the presence of 4 carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon chain according to IUPAC nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

but-

Answer

meth-

Answer

eth-

Answer

hex-

Question 11

Identify the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in the following molecule: NH3

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 12

Which of the following spectroscopic techniques can provide information about the presence of an aromatic ring in a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy

Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

Answer

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

Answer

Mass spectrometry (MS)

Question 13

Which functional group contains a carbon-carbon triple bond?

Accepted Answer

Alkyne

Answer

Alkyl

Answer

Alkene

Answer

Aryl

Question 14

What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in ethane (C2H6)?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 15

The molecular formula for propene is:

Accepted Answer

C3H6

Answer

C2H2

Answer

C2H4

Answer

C3H8

Question 16

The product of the reaction between methanol and sodium is:

Accepted Answer

Sodium methoxide

Answer

Ethene

Answer

Ethane

Answer

Sodium hydroxide

Question 17

The IUPAC name of the compound (CH3)3COH is:

Accepted Answer

2-Methyl-2-propanol

Answer

1-Butanol

Answer

2-Butanol

Answer

2-Methyl-1-propanol

Question 18

Identify the compound that is classified as a tertiary alcohol:

Accepted Answer

(CH3)3COH

Answer

CH3OH

Answer

(CH3)2CHOH

Answer

C6H5OH

Question 19

Which of the following is the primary defining characteristic of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Contain Carbon Atoms

Answer

High Melting Points

Answer

Contain Hydrogen Atoms

Answer

Low Reactivity

Question 20

What is the IUPAC name for the functional group -OH?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl

Answer

Carboxylic Acid

Answer

Amino

Answer

Carbonyl

Question 21

What is the hybridization state of the carbon atom in methane (CH4)?

Accepted Answer

sp³

Answer

sp³d

Answer

sp

Answer

sp²

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of alkanes?

Accepted Answer

High Reactivity

Answer

Insoluble in Water

Answer

Combustible

Answer

Low Melting Points

Question 23

Which of the following is a branched alkane?

Accepted Answer

2-Methylbutane

Answer

Ethane

Answer

Butane

Answer

Propane

Question 24

What is the hybridization state of the carbon atoms in an alkene?

Accepted Answer

sp²

Answer

sp³

Answer

sp

Question 25

Which of the following is a functional group that contains a carbon-oxygen double bond?

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl

Answer

Amino

Answer

Hydroxyl