Thermodynamic Systems and Processes: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which property is not characteristic of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Mass

Question 2

A reversible process is one that:

Accepted Answer

Can be reversed without any change in the surroundings

Answer

Can be reversed without any change in the system

Answer

Can be reversed with a small change in the surroundings

Answer

Cannot be reversed

Question 3

Which of the following is a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A system that does not exchange mass, heat, or work with the surroundings

Answer

A system that exchanges heat and mass with the surroundings

Answer

A system that exchanges work with the surroundings

Answer

A system that exchanges only heat with the surroundings

Question 4

Specific heat capacity of a substance signifies its:

Accepted Answer

Ability to absorb heat

Answer

Ability to conduct heat

Answer

Specific gravity

Answer

Thermal conductivity

Question 5

Entropy change for a system undergoing a reversible process is:

Accepted Answer

Equal to the heat transfer divided by the temperature

Answer

Less than the heat transfer divided by the temperature

Answer

Greater than the heat transfer divided by the temperature

Answer

Zero

Question 6

The efficiency of a heat engine is determined by the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Work output to heat input

Answer

Heat input to work output

Answer

Work input to heat output

Answer

Heat output to work input

Question 7

Which of the following is not considered a type of thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

Vacuum cleaner

Answer

Closed system

Answer

Open system

Answer

Control volume

Question 8

How does the entropy of a system relate to its level of disorder?

Accepted Answer

Entropy is proportional to disorder.

Answer

Entropy is inversely proportional to disorder.

Answer

Entropy is unrelated to disorder.

Answer

Disorder is proportional to entropy.

Question 9

What is the primary significance of Gibbs free energy?

Accepted Answer

It determines the spontaneity of a reaction at constant temperature and pressure.

Answer

It determines the equilibrium constant of a reaction.

Answer

It determines the enthalpy change of a reaction.

Answer

It determines the entropy change of a reaction.

Question 10

Which of the following is not considered a thermodynamic property?

Accepted Answer

Time

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Question 11

Which of the following processes is considered isothermal?

Accepted Answer

Heating a gas at constant pressure

Answer

Heating a gas at constant volume

Answer

Adiabatic expansion

Answer

Isochoric cooling

Question 12

The first law of thermodynamics states the principle of conservation of:

Accepted Answer

Energy

Answer

Mass

Answer

Momentum

Answer

Charge

Question 13

Which of the following processes is considered reversible?

Accepted Answer

Isothermal compression

Answer

Adiabatic expansion

Answer

Free expansion

Answer

Isobaric heating

Question 14

A key concept central to the second law of thermodynamics is:

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Reversibility

Answer

Energy conservation

Answer

Heat transfer

Question 15

In a thermodynamic cycle, the system is ultimately returned to its:

Accepted Answer

Initial state

Answer

Final state

Answer

Equilibrium state

Answer

Adiabatic state

Question 16

A thermodynamic system is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A region of space containing matter that interacts with its surroundings

Answer

A collection of matter that does not interact with its surroundings

Answer

A brick wall

Answer

An ecosystem

Question 17

In an isothermal process, the temperature of the gas:

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Cannot be determined without more information

Question 18

Which of the following processes is irreversible?

Accepted Answer

Friction

Answer

Adiabatic expansion

Answer

Heat transfer through a conductance

Answer

Isothermal compression

Question 19

The following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics:

Accepted Answer

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Answer

Reversibility of processes

Question 20

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Work output to heat input

Answer

(Heat input / Heat rejected)

Question 21

A reversible process is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

No entropy generation

Answer

No heat transfer across a finite temperature difference

Question 22

The enthalpy of a system is a measure of its:

Accepted Answer

Internal energy and pressure

Answer

Internal energy and volume

Question 23

Which of the following is a dimensionless thermodynamic property?

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Pressure

Question 24

The Clausius inequality expresses:

Accepted Answer

The second law of thermodynamics

Answer

The first law of thermodynamics

Question 25

Identify a closed thermodynamic system.

Accepted Answer

Exchanges energy but not matter with surroundings

Answer

Exchanges neither energy nor matter with surroundings

Answer

Exchanges matter but not energy with surroundings

Answer

Exchanges both energy and matter with surroundings

Question 26

Which process is isobaric?

Accepted Answer

Constant pressure

Answer

Constant volume

Answer

Constant temperature

Answer

Constant entropy

Question 27

State the first law of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Answer

Entropy always increases in a closed system.

Answer

Heat capacity of a system is constant.

Answer

Heat engine efficiency cannot exceed 100%.

Question 28

Define a reversible process.

Accepted Answer

Can be reversed without entropy change

Answer

Can be reversed without energy change

Answer

Can be reversed without temperature change

Answer

Can be reversed without pressure change

Question 29

Distinguish between heat and work.

Accepted Answer

Heat: temperature difference energy transfer, Work: force-induced energy transfer

Answer

Heat: force-induced energy transfer, Work: temperature difference energy transfer

Answer

Heat and work are identical.

Answer

Heat and work are unrelated.

Question 30

State the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

Heat cannot flow from cold to hot without external work.

Answer

Entropy always increases in a closed system.

Answer

Heat engine efficiency cannot exceed 100%.

Answer

Heat capacity of a system is constant.

Question 31

Distinguish between an ideal gas and a real gas.

Accepted Answer

Ideal gases obey the ideal gas law, while real gases do not.

Answer

Real gases obey the ideal gas law, while ideal gases do not.

Answer

Ideal gases are always in equilibrium, while real gases are not.

Answer

Real gases are always in equilibrium, while ideal gases are not.

Question 32

Which dimensionless parameter measures the irreversibility of a process?

Accepted Answer

Entropy generation

Answer

Heat capacity ratio

Answer

Exergy

Answer

Thermal conductivity

Question 33

Exergy of a system represents:

Accepted Answer

The maximum useful work obtainable from the system

Answer

The difference in energy between the system and its surroundings

Answer

The rate of heat transfer between the system and its surroundings

Answer

The amount of entropy generated by the system

Question 34

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Answer

Entropy always increases.

Answer

Heat flows spontaneously from cold to hot.

Answer

The efficiency of a heat engine can reach 100%.

Question 35

Entropy measures:

Accepted Answer

The disorder of a system.

Answer

The heat content of a system.

Answer

The temperature of a system.

Answer

The work done by a system.

Question 36

Which of the following will NOT increase the thermal efficiency of a heat engine?

Accepted Answer

Adding friction to the engine's components

Answer

Increasing the temperature of the heat source

Answer

Decreasing the temperature of the heat sink

Answer

Using a working fluid with a high specific heat capacity

Question 37

Define exergy and explain its importance in assessing the quality of energy and the efficiency of engineering systems.

Accepted Answer

Exergy is the maximum useful work obtainable from a system or energy source.

Answer

Exergy is the total energy content of a system or energy source.

Answer

Exergy is the entropy of a system or energy source.

Answer

Exergy is the temperature of a system or energy source.

Question 38

Explain the thermodynamic principles governing fluid flow, with particular emphasis on pressure drop, energy losses, and pump performance.

Accepted Answer

Energy losses in fluid flow can be attributed to factors such as friction, turbulence, and sudden expansions/contractions.

Answer

Pressure drop in fluid flow systems is exclusively determined by the fluid's density.

Answer

Energy losses in fluid flow occur solely due to the fluid's viscosity.

Answer

Pump performance is independent of the pressure drop in the fluid flow system.

Question 39

What is the fundamental difference between an open and a closed system?

Accepted Answer

Open systems facilitate mass exchange, while closed systems do not.

Answer

Closed systems facilitate energy exchange, while open systems do not.

Answer

Open systems always exist in equilibrium, while closed systems do not.

Answer

There is no distinction between open and closed systems.

Question 40

Which type of process is defined by a constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Isothermal

Answer

Adiabatic

Answer

Isobaric

Answer

Isochoric

Question 41

What is the Gibbs free energy?

Accepted Answer

The enthalpy minus the product of temperature and entropy.

Answer

The maximum amount of work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure.

Answer

The change in internal energy minus the product of temperature and entropy.

Answer

The entropy minus the product of temperature and internal energy.

Question 42

What is the relationship between the entropy and the disorder of a system?

Accepted Answer

Entropy increases as disorder increases.

Answer

Entropy decreases as disorder increases.

Answer

Entropy is independent of disorder.

Answer

Disorder increases as entropy increases.

Question 43

An isothermal process is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Constant temperature

Answer

Constant entropy

Answer

Constant pressure

Answer

Constant volume

Question 44

An example of an open system in thermodynamics is:

Accepted Answer

A room with an open window

Answer

A sealed bottle of gas

Answer

An isolated container

Question 45

Entropy is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

System disorder or randomness

Answer

System volume

Answer

System energy

Answer

System temperature

Question 46

Which of the following is a thermodynamic property?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Power

Answer

Heat

Answer

Work

Question 47

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The ratio of the work output to the heat input

Answer

The product of the heat input and the heat output

Answer

The ratio of the heat input to the work output

Answer

The difference between the heat input and the heat output

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT considered a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

The entire universe

Answer

An isolated system

Answer

A closed system

Answer

An open system

Question 49

An isobaric process is one in which:

Accepted Answer

The pressure remains constant.

Answer

The volume remains constant.

Answer

The entropy remains constant.

Answer

The temperature remains constant.

Question 50

Which of the following accurately describes a reversible process?

Accepted Answer

A process that can be reversed without leaving any changes in the surroundings.

Answer

A process that cannot be reversed without leaving any changes in the surroundings.

Answer

A process that increases the entropy of the surroundings.

Question 51

A thermodynamic property is:

Accepted Answer

A quantity that describes the state of a system.

Answer

A quantity that describes the universe.

Answer

A quantity that describes the process of a system.

Answer

A quantity that describes the surroundings of a system.

Question 52

A thermodynamic cycle refers to:

Accepted Answer

A series of processes that bring a system back to its initial state.

Answer

A series of processes that decrease the entropy of a system.

Answer

A series of processes that increase the entropy of a system.

Question 53

Which of the following constitutes a thermodynamic state?

Accepted Answer

A complete description of the properties of a system.

Answer

A description of the surroundings of a system.

Answer

A partial description of the properties of a system.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT considered a thermodynamic function?

Accepted Answer

The volume of a system.

Answer

The internal energy of a system.

Answer

The enthalpy of a system.

Answer

The entropy of a system.

Question 55

A point function depends on:

Accepted Answer

The state of a system.

Answer

The initial state of a system.

Answer

The path taken by a system.

Question 56

A closed system is one that:

Accepted Answer

Allows energy transfer but not mass transfer across its boundaries.

Answer

Allows both mass and energy transfer across its boundaries.

Answer

Does not allow any transfer of mass or energy across its boundaries.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic property of a system?

Accepted Answer

Heat transfer

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Question 58

A reversible process is one that:

Accepted Answer

Can be reversed without leaving any change in the surroundings.

Answer

Occurs very slowly.

Answer

Is spontaneous and irreversible.

Question 59

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Answer

Heat flows spontaneously from a colder to a hotter body.

Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases.

Question 60

In an adiabatic process, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

No heat transfer occurs between the system and its surroundings.

Answer

The temperature of the system remains constant.

Answer

The internal energy of the system remains constant.

Question 61

A heat engine functions by:

Accepted Answer

Converting heat energy into mechanical work.

Answer

Storing heat energy in a reservoir.

Answer

Creating heat energy from mechanical work.

Question 62

The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is:

Accepted Answer

Limited by the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs.

Answer

Independent of the temperature difference between the reservoirs.

Answer

Always 100% due to its reversible nature.

Question 63

The second law of thermodynamics implies that:

Accepted Answer

The entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.

Answer

Heat can be transferred from a colder body to a hotter body without any external work.

Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT a type of thermodynamic process?

Accepted Answer

Isotropic process

Answer

Adiabatic process

Answer

Isothermal process

Answer

Isobaric process