Biomolecules: Structure, Function, and Metabolism - Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which spectroscopy technique involves the excitation and subsequent emission of light?

Accepted Answer

Fluorescence spectroscopy

Answer

UV-Vis spectrophotometry

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Question 2

Explain the diverse roles of glycosylation in shaping protein function and cellular recognition.

Accepted Answer

Glycosylation enhances protein stability, folding, and resistance to breakdown.

Accepted Answer

Glycosylation facilitates protein interactions, enabling cell communication and recognition.

Accepted Answer

Glycosylation aids in protein targeting and localization within cells.

Answer

Glycosylation has negligible impact on protein function and cellular recognition.

Question 3

Which biomolecule consists of amino acids linked by peptide bonds?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 4

Which category of lipids is characterized by having a polar head group and nonpolar tail group?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Triglycerides

Answer

Steroids

Answer

Waxes

Question 5

What is the primary function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Genetic information storage and transfer

Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Structural support

Answer

Hormonal regulation

Question 6

What is the structural difference between a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have fewer double bonds than unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer

Saturated fatty acids have more double bonds than unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer

Saturated fatty acids have a branched structure while unsaturated fatty acids have a straight chain structure.

Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have more carbon atoms than saturated fatty acids.

Question 7

Which molecule is involved in energy transfer in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

NADH

Answer

Hormones

Question 8

What is the primary function of ribosomes in cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Carbohydrate synthesis

Answer

Nucleic acid synthesis

Question 9

Which type of bond links adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Answer

Glycosidic bond

Answer

Hydrogen bond

Answer

Disulfide bond

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Phosphatidylcholine

Answer

Triglyceride

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Glycolipid

Question 11

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Sucrose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Cellulose

Question 12

What is the primary function of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

To lower the activation energy of the reaction

Answer

To increase the activation energy of the reaction

Answer

To provide an alternative pathway for the reaction

Answer

To consume the products of the reaction

Question 13

Which of the following amino acids is branched?

Accepted Answer

Valine

Answer

Glycine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Serine

Question 14

Which of the following is **not** a type of RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

rRNA

Question 15

How does primary protein structure differ from secondary protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure refers to the sequence of amino acids, while secondary structure describes the folding of the polypeptide chain

Answer

Secondary structure refers to the sequence of amino acids, while primary structure describes the folding of the polypeptide chain

Answer

Both primary and secondary structure refer to the sequence of amino acids

Answer

Both primary and secondary structure refer to the folding of the polypeptide chain

Question 16

Which characteristic is NOT applicable to carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Composed of amino acids

Answer

Energy source for cells

Answer

Present in both plants and animals

Answer

Can exhibit branched or linear structures

Question 17

Which of the following amino acids is indispensable for human health?

Accepted Answer

Methionine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Glycine

Answer

Serine

Question 18

Which type of lipid is identified by the presence of double bonds within its fatty acid chains?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats

Answer

Saturated fats

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Cholesterol

Question 19

Which component forms the sugar-phosphate backbone of a nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

Ribose or deoxyribose

Answer

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

Answer

Uracil

Answer

Nitrogenous bases

Question 20

Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce cellular energy?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Question 21

Which amino acid modification involves the addition of an acetyl group?

Accepted Answer

Acetylation

Answer

Phosphorylation

Answer

Glycosylation

Answer

Methylation

Question 22

Which is the fundamental unit of a nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

Amino acid

Answer

Fatty acid

Answer

Polypeptide

Question 23

Which type of RNA transports genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

snRNA

Question 24

Which process utilizes energy to break down molecules into their constituent components?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Gluconeogenesis