Ageing and Retirement: A Comprehensive Guide for University Students

Question 1

Which of the following is a primary financial challenge faced by retirees in the UK?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient pension savings

Answer

Limited access to affordable housing

Answer

Discrimination in the labour market

Answer

Rising healthcare costs

Question 2

Which theory posits that individuals experience a gradual decline in activity levels and social engagement as they age?

Accepted Answer

Disengagement theory

Answer

Activity theory

Answer

Role theory

Answer

Continuity theory

Question 3

The 'triple whammy hypothesis' suggests that retirees face a combination of which challenges?

Accepted Answer

Financial disadvantage, poor health, and social isolation

Answer

Increased healthcare costs, reduced income, and ageism

Answer

Housing insecurity, transportation difficulties, and lack of social support

Answer

Loneliness, boredom, and cognitive decline

Question 4

According to the unit's content, which key social factor has a significant impact on retirement well-being?

Accepted Answer

Loss of social connections

Answer

Increased leisure time

Answer

Changes in family dynamics

Answer

Availability of healthcare facilities

Question 5

In the context of retirement, 'social capital' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The network of relationships, resources, and support an individual has

Answer

The amount of money saved for retirement

Answer

The educational attainment of an individual

Answer

The level of physical health an individual has

Question 6

The 'triple lock' mechanism applied to the State Pension in the UK ensures that it increases by:

Accepted Answer

The highest of the above three options

Answer

The rate of inflation

Answer

Average earnings

Answer

2.5%

Question 7

The concept of 'ageing in place' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Remaining in one's own home for as long as possible

Answer

Relocating to a retirement community

Answer

Downsizing to a smaller home

Answer

Moving in with family members

Question 8

The 'longevity revolution' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The increasing proportion of people living to old age

Answer

The increasing number of people retiring early

Answer

The increasing number of people working past traditional retirement age

Answer

The increasing number of people living with disabilities

Question 9

In end-of-life care for older adults, which ethical principle is most important?

Accepted Answer

Respect for the person's wishes

Answer

Doing what will benefit the person the most

Answer

Preventing any harm to the person

Answer

Treating everyone fairly

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT considered a key factor in successful retirement?

Accepted Answer

High levels of occupational stress

Answer

Adequate financial planning

Answer

Strong social support network

Answer

Absence of chronic health conditions

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of a pension annuity?

Accepted Answer

To provide a guaranteed income stream for life

Answer

To protect against inflation

Answer

To allow individuals to access a lump sum

Answer

To generate investment growth

Question 12

What is the term used to describe the period of gradual transition between full-time work and retirement?

Accepted Answer

Pre-retirement

Answer

Post-retirement

Answer

Mid-career transition

Answer

Retirement planning

Question 13

What does the term "retirement" generally refer to?

Accepted Answer

Permanent withdrawal from the labour force

Answer

Resignation from a specific job or role

Answer

Reduced working hours or gradual withdrawal from employment

Answer

Transition to a second career or volunteer work

Question 14

Which of the following factors is **least likely** to directly influence an individual's decision to retire?

Accepted Answer

Availability of job opportunities

Answer

Financial security

Answer

Personal goals and aspirations

Answer

Health status

Question 15

Retirement can have a significant impact on an individual's mental well-being. Which of the following psychological effects is **most commonly** associated with retirement?

Accepted Answer

Increased anxiety or feelings of loneliness

Answer

Heightened cognitive functioning

Answer

Improved physical health

Answer

Enhanced social relationships

Question 16

Which of the following is a **common financial challenge** faced by individuals transitioning into retirement?

Accepted Answer

Reduced income from employment

Answer

Improved financial literacy

Answer

Increased job security

Answer

Enhanced career opportunities

Question 17

Which of the following is a **key strategy** to promote healthy ageing and increase the likelihood of a fulfilling retirement?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity

Answer

Smoking cigarettes

Answer

Consuming excessive alcohol

Answer

Isolating oneself from society

Question 18

How can retirement affect an individual's social relationships?

Accepted Answer

Retirement can lead to both increased and decreased social contact, depending on individual circumstances and choices.

Answer

Retirement has no impact on social relationships.

Answer

Retirement always results in a decrease in social contact.

Question 19

Which of the following is a **common challenge** faced by many retired individuals, particularly those who have been accustomed to a structured work life?

Accepted Answer

Loneliness or a sense of isolation

Answer

Enhanced career prospects

Answer

Increased financial wealth

Answer

Improved physical fitness

Question 20

How can retirement be a **transformative experience** for individuals?

Accepted Answer

Retirement can provide opportunities for personal growth, self-discovery, and pursuing new interests.

Answer

Retirement guarantees financial security and stability.

Answer

Retirement inevitably leads to a decline in cognitive functioning.

Question 21

Which of the following is a **key policy measure** that governments can implement to support successful ageing for their citizens?

Accepted Answer

Implementing policies that promote lifelong learning and provide opportunities for older adults to stay active and engaged.

Answer

Reducing healthcare access for the elderly.

Answer

Raising the retirement age to reduce pension costs.