Master the Endocrine System: Interactive Quizzes for Medical Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Supporting digestion

Answer

Regulating metabolism

Answer

Controlling blood pressure

Answer

Facilitating reproduction

Question 2

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' primarily because:

Accepted Answer

It controls the release of hormones from other endocrine glands

Answer

It secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream

Answer

It produces the majority of hormones in the body

Answer

It regulates the body's circadian rhythm

Question 3

Which hormone plays a crucial role in stimulating the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

Question 4

The adrenal glands play a central role in the body's 'fight-or-flight' response by secreting primarily:

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer

Thyroid hormones

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Aldosterone

Question 5

Which of the following hormones is classified as a steroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Prostaglandin

Answer

Catecholamine

Question 6

The pancreas is primarily responsible for secreting hormones that regulate:

Accepted Answer

Blood sugar levels

Answer

Body temperature

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Calcium metabolism

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with hypopituitarism?

Accepted Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Gigantism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 8

The hormone that regulates blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells is:

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 9

Which of the following is the target organ for antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Accepted Answer

Kidney

Answer

Liver

Answer

Heart

Answer

Brain

Question 10

Which hormone is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and is primarily secreted at night?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Progesterone

Question 11

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Answer

Release hormones through ducts

Answer

Are only located in the head and neck region

Answer

Are primarily innervated by the sympathetic nervous system

Question 12

The hypothalamus acts as a link between the endocrine system and the nervous system primarily through its connection to the:

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Pancreas

Question 13

Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged excessive cortisol secretion?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Diabetes insipidus

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 14

The hormone that stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland is:

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH)

Question 15

Which of the following hormones is involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and is secreted by the parathyroid glands?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Aldosterone

Question 16

Which type of feedback loop involves the release of a hormone that inhibits its own secretion, thereby maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Answer

Positive feedback loop

Answer

Neuroendocrine loop

Answer

Autocrine loop

Question 17

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating calcium metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

Answer

Estrogen

Question 18

Identify the gland that produces and secretes growth hormone:

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 19

Which hormone primarily regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 20

Identify the gland responsible for producing thyroxine:

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 21

Identify the hormone that is essential for the body's response to stress:

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 22

Which gland produces both hormones and enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 23

Select the type of endocrine signaling where hormones are released directly into the bloodstream:

Accepted Answer

Endocrine signaling

Answer

Juxtacrine signaling

Answer

Autocrine signaling

Answer

Paracrine signaling

Question 24

Identify the hormone responsible for initiating the development of male secondary sexual characteristics:

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)