Theories of Peace and Conflict: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which factors does Liberalism identify as key contributors to international peace?

Accepted Answer

International organizations, interdependence, and democratic values

Answer

National sovereignty and power pursuit

Answer

Shared cultural identities and absence of historical grievances

Answer

Dominance of a single superpower

Question 2

According to liberal peace theory, what is a fundamental assumption regarding the nature of peace?

Accepted Answer

Peace is a societal ideal achievable through international institutions.

Answer

War is an intrinsic and immutable aspect of human nature.

Answer

Peace is primarily the responsibility of nation-states.

Answer

Economic prosperity is the primary determinant of peace.

Question 3

In realist theory, which actor is considered the primary force shaping international relations?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)

Answer

Individuals

Answer

International law

Question 4

In the liberal theory of peace, which assumption is NOT considered essential for achieving lasting peace?

Accepted Answer

The state is solely responsible for maintaining peace and order within its borders.

Answer

Individuals act rationally and pursue their own interests.

Answer

Economic interdependence between nations fosters cooperation and discourages conflict.

Answer

International organizations and institutions can facilitate peaceful conflict resolutions.

Question 5

According to liberal peace theory, what is considered the primary cause of conflict in human societies?

Accepted Answer

Lack of democratic institutions

Answer

Human nature

Answer

Limited resources

Answer

Cultural differences

Question 6

Which assumption is NOT a fundamental principle of realism in international relations?

Accepted Answer

Cooperation among states is inherently impossible.

Answer

States are the primary actors in the international system.

Answer

The international system lacks a central authority.

Answer

States act rationally in their own self-interest.

Question 7

According to liberal peace theory, which principle is crucial for achieving peace?

Accepted Answer

Equal participation in decision-making fosters peace.

Answer

Military force is the only way to secure lasting peace.

Answer

Conflict is an inevitable aspect of human nature.

Answer

War can be justified as a necessary evil.

Question 8

Which assumption of liberal peace theory contradicts its focus on non-military peacebuilding approaches?

Accepted Answer

Military intervention can be justified for peace.

Answer

Individual rights and freedoms are essential.

Answer

Democracy is crucial for sustainable peace.

Answer

Economic interdependence fosters cooperation and minimizes conflict.

Question 9

Constructivism emphasizes which factor as crucial in shaping our perceptions and understandings of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Social interactions and communication

Answer

Human nature

Answer

International system structure

Answer

Economic interdependence

Question 10

In liberal peace theory, which element is considered essential for fostering international peace and cooperation?

Accepted Answer

The role of international organizations in promoting collaboration

Answer

The inherent conflictual nature of states

Answer

The dominance of power in international relations

Answer

The inevitability of peace due to economic interdependence

Question 11

Which assumption is NOT a core tenet of the realist theory of international relations?

Accepted Answer

Economic interdependence promotes peaceful relations between states.

Answer

States are the primary actors in international relations.

Answer

Power is the primary goal of states.

Answer

The international system lacks a central authority.

Question 12

Which factor is considered crucial for fostering peace, according to liberal peace theory?

Accepted Answer

Expanding democratic institutions

Answer

Intervening militarily

Answer

Relying on state-centered security measures

Answer

Accepting conflict as inherent to human nature

Question 13

In liberalism theory, what is considered the primary factor in fostering peace?

Accepted Answer

Economic interconnectedness between countries

Answer

Military power and dominance

Answer

Shared cultural values and homogeneity

Answer

Scarcity of natural resources and competition

Question 14

According to realism, which entity holds the most power in international relations?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

International organizations

Answer

Economic interdependence

Answer

Human rights

Question 15

Which of the following is a key factor in achieving peace, according to liberal peace theory?

Accepted Answer

Spread of democratic institutions and free market economies

Answer

Use of military force to suppress conflict

Answer

Recognition of the inherent conflictual nature of states

Answer

Acceptance of the international system as inherently anarchic

Question 16

According to realism, which entity is considered the most influential in international relations?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

International organizations

Answer

Economic interdependence

Answer

Moral considerations

Question 17

In peace and conflict studies, liberalism emphasizes which factor as crucial for preserving global peace and stability?

Accepted Answer

Encouraging cooperation among nations and strengthening international organizations

Answer

Accepting violent conflict as an inherent human trait

Answer

Centralizing international relations under state control

Answer

Intervening in conflicts with external forces to impose peace

Question 18

In the realist theory of international relations, which actor is considered the primary force?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

Transnational organizations

Answer

International tribunals

Answer

Individuals

Question 19

According to liberal peace theory, which of the following is a fundamental belief?

Accepted Answer

Peace is the inherent condition of human society.

Answer

War is an unavoidable part of human nature.

Answer

The state holds the most power in international affairs.

Answer

Military force is the only way to establish peace.

Question 20

Which theory of peace highlights the significance of international organizations in preventing and resolving conflicts by offering a platform for dialogue and collaboration?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Realism

Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Marxism

Question 21

Which principle is central to realism in international relations?

Accepted Answer

National interests take precedence over global well-being.

Answer

Collaboration between nations is easily attainable.

Answer

International organizations hold the primary responsibility for resolving global conflicts.

Question 22

According to realism, what is the primary motivation for states' actions in international relations?

Accepted Answer

Pursuing national interests

Answer

Maintaining peace and stability through international organizations

Answer

Fostering cooperation and minimizing conflict through economic interdependence

Question 23

Which principle is central to post-colonial theory in peace and conflict studies?

Accepted Answer

Historical power dynamics and colonialism's legacy influence conflicts and peace processes.

Answer

Power struggles between nations drive international relations.

Answer

Economic factors and resource scarcity cause international conflicts.

Answer

Western values and institutions are essential for sustainable peace.

Question 24

In realist international relations theory, which entities are considered the primary players on the global political stage?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

Multinational corporations

Answer

Non-governmental organizations

Answer

International organizations

Question 25

Which fundamental principle underpins conflict resolution theory?

Accepted Answer

Conflict resolution should prioritize addressing the root causes of conflict rather than just managing its effects.

Answer

Conflicts can be entirely prevented with the right approach.

Answer

External parties can resolve conflicts without the involvement of the parties involved.

Answer

Force and coercion are the most effective methods for resolving conflicts.

Question 26

In Marxist theory, which key assumption drives the analysis of peace and conflict?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequalities are root causes of conflict.

Answer

The state remains neutral in conflicts between classes.

Answer

Capitalism promotes harmony and cooperation.

Question 27

For a just peace to truly endure in a conflict-ridden society, what fundamental condition must be addressed?

Accepted Answer

Addressing power imbalances and ensuring human rights are upheld.

Answer

The complete absence of violence and armed conflict.

Answer

The establishment of a democratic system of governance.

Answer

The presence of international peacekeepers to enforce agreements and monitor peace.

Question 28

In conflict resolution, which approach focuses on tackling the underlying causes that contribute to conflict?

Accepted Answer

Structural reforms and transformations

Answer

Power-sharing arrangements

Answer

Mediation and negotiation

Question 29

In constructivism, a theory in peace and conflict studies, what is considered a primary factor in shaping social and political realities?

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms and values

Answer

Material interests

Answer

State power

Question 30

In conflict resolution, which principle prioritizes addressing underlying causes and promoting lasting change?

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice and community empowerment

Answer

Symptom management and appeasement

Answer

Coercion and force

Answer

Zero-sum bargaining and compromise

Question 31

According to liberal peace theory, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Peace is the natural state of human societies and can be achieved through the spread of democracy and economic interdependence.

Answer

States are the primary actors in international relations and make rational decisions based on their interests.

Answer

Conflict is inherent to human nature and cannot be permanently resolved, only managed.

Question 32

What is the primary goal of peacebuilding efforts?

Accepted Answer

Address the underlying causes of conflict to promote sustainable peace

Answer

Establish lasting peace through diplomatic agreements

Answer

Impose a peace settlement without consent

Answer

Punish those responsible for past atrocities

Question 33

In regions affected by conflict, what is a key objective of peacebuilding efforts?

Accepted Answer

Re-establishing functional government institutions and promoting state-building

Answer

Providing humanitarian aid and emergency relief

Answer

Facilitating peace negotiations and enforcing agreements

Question 34

According to realism, which of the following is NOT a primary cause of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Influence of non-state actors, such as terrorist groups

Answer

Nationalism and competition for resources

Answer

Pursuit of security and fear of domination by other nations

Question 35

In realist theory, what is the primary goal of states in international relations?

Accepted Answer

Ensure national security

Answer

Maximize economic growth

Answer

Foster global peace

Answer

Eliminate conflict

Question 36

In realist theory, what is the primary goal of states in international relations?

Accepted Answer

Safeguard national security and interests

Answer

Maximize economic growth

Answer

Promote peace through international organizations

Answer

Uphold moral values and ethical principles

Question 37

Which theory of peace and conflict highlights the significance of international organizations and institutions in fostering peace and resolving conflicts?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Realism

Answer

Constructivism

Question 38

Which theory of peace and conflict emphasizes the importance of international organizations in fostering peace?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Realism

Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Marxism

Question 39

In liberal peace theory, which fundamental element is considered indispensable for achieving and sustaining peace?

Accepted Answer

Democratic governance

Answer

A strong military

Answer

Free market economy

Answer

Shared cultural identity

Question 40

In peace and conflict studies, which theory emphasizes that the state's pursuit of relative power, to balance against other states, is the primary cause of conflict and war?

Accepted Answer

Realism

Answer

Marxism

Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Liberalism

Question 41

In realist theory, what is a key feature of the international system?

Accepted Answer

It is anarchic, lacking a central authority to enforce rules or settle disputes.

Answer

It is cooperative, with states collaborating to maintain peace and stability.

Question 42

Which principle is crucial for successful peacebuilding?

Accepted Answer

Involving local communities and civil society in peacebuilding efforts

Answer

Relying solely on military interventions

Answer

Depending exclusively on external actors

Answer

Achieving peace quickly and effortlessly

Question 43

According to the realist theory of international relations, which of the following is considered to be the primary factor influencing state behavior in the international system?

Accepted Answer

Relative power

Answer

Ideological alignment

Answer

Economic interdependence

Answer

International norms and institutions

Question 44

In liberal peace theory, which element is deemed essential for achieving and sustaining peace?

Accepted Answer

Democratic institutions and respect for human rights

Answer

A strong military defense system

Answer

Economic sanctions against potential adversaries

Answer

A large and well-equipped police force

Question 45

According to liberalism, which of these is a crucial belief in international relations?

Accepted Answer

International organizations can greatly promote peace and cooperation.

Answer

States are the most important players.

Answer

Military force is sometimes needed for peace.

Answer

Power distribution among states determines international outcomes.

Question 46

According to liberal peace theory, which of the following is considered the natural state of humanity?

Accepted Answer

Peace

Answer

War

Answer

Conflict

Answer

Injustice

Question 47

Which theory of peace and conflict highlights the importance of international organizations in promoting peace?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Realism

Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Marxism

Question 48

In conflict resolution, which element is crucial for preventing future conflicts from recurring?

Accepted Answer

Fostering dialogue and reconciliation among conflicting parties

Answer

Enforcing severe penalties on perpetrators of violence

Answer

Bolstering military presence to dissuade potential aggressors

Question 49

Constructivism emphasizes the social construction of reality. How do social interactions contribute to the formation of identities and the subsequent emergence of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Social interactions create and transform identities and conflicts through ongoing processes of meaning-making and negotiation.

Answer

Social interactions play a limited role; identities and conflicts are mainly driven by material factors.

Answer

Social interactions reinforce existing identities and conflicts, acting as a passive mechanism.

Answer

Social interactions have no significant influence on the development of identities or the emergence of conflict.

Question 50

Which of the following is **not** an assumption of realism in international relations?

Accepted Answer

Cooperation between states is typically straightforward and attainable.

Answer

States are the primary actors in international relations.

Answer

The international system lacks a central authority, creating a state of anarchy.

Answer

Military power plays a significant role in international relations.

Question 51

In feminist peace and conflict studies, what is a primary criticism of conventional peacebuilding strategies?

Accepted Answer

Neglecting the gendered aspects of conflict and the marginalization of women.

Answer

Excessive reliance on military interventions.

Answer

Insufficient consideration of economic factors.

Answer

Lack of emphasis on environmental sustainability.

Question 52

Which of the following assumptions is NOT a core principle of realism in international relations?

Accepted Answer

International relations is fundamentally cooperative.

Answer

States are the primary actors in international relations.

Answer

States act rationally and prioritize their own security.

Answer

The distribution of power among states shapes international outcomes.

Question 53

Which peace theory highlights the importance of international organizations and cooperation in promoting peace?

Accepted Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Realism

Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Marxism

Question 54

Which of the following is a core principle of human security, as outlined by the United Nations?

Accepted Answer

Protection from economic hardship and poverty

Accepted Answer

Protection from violence and oppression

Answer

Protection from military threats

Question 55

Assess the strengths and weaknesses of realism as a theory of peace and conflict.

Accepted Answer

Realism provides a clear explanation of conflict causes.

Accepted Answer

Realism overlooks the role of non-state actors in conflict.

Answer

Realism is outdated and irrelevant to peace and conflict studies.

Question 56

How do civil society organizations contribute to peacebuilding and conflict resolution?

Accepted Answer

They complement governments and international organizations by leveraging local knowledge, promoting dialogue, and monitoring peace processes.

Answer

They have a limited impact due to lack of resources and expertise.

Answer

They only provide humanitarian aid, leaving peacebuilding to others.

Question 57

How does climate change influence the dynamics of peace and conflict?

Accepted Answer

Climate change can worsen existing conflicts and spark new ones, even in regions not typically prone to conflict.

Answer

Climate change only directly affects conflict when it results in resource scarcity.

Answer

Climate change is not a major factor in most conflicts worldwide.

Answer

The impact of climate change on peace and conflict is largely predictable and can be easily mitigated through international cooperation.

Question 58

How does gender influence the dynamics of peace and conflict?

Accepted Answer

Gender roles reinforce power imbalances, limiting women's participation in peace processes and perpetuating conflict.

Answer

Gender is irrelevant in understanding peace and conflict dynamics.

Answer

Women are inherently peaceful and less likely to engage in violence than men.

Answer

Gender parity in peace processes automatically ensures sustainable peace.

Question 59

Which of the following is a core assumption of realism, a theory of international relations in peace and conflict studies?

Accepted Answer

States act primarily in their own self-interest, even if it means using force.

Answer

Economic factors are the primary drivers of conflict.

Answer

Cooperation and international organizations can effectively prevent war.

Answer

Human nature is inherently peaceful and cooperative.

Question 60

Constructivism, a theory of international relations in peace and conflict studies, emphasizes the role of:

Accepted Answer

Social identity and shared values

Answer

Material interests and power

Answer

Institutional constraints and norms

Answer

Biological instincts and evolutionary pressures

Question 61

What are the main obstacles to achieving lasting peace in regions with a history of prolonged conflict?

Accepted Answer

Addressing historical grievances and fostering reconciliation

Accepted Answer

Rebuilding trust among different societal groups

Accepted Answer

Establishing effective institutions to prevent a return to violence

Answer

Imposing external solutions without considering local context

Question 62

According to liberalism, which element is critical for maintaining peace?

Accepted Answer

International cooperation and democratic principles

Answer

National sovereignty and military strength

Answer

Hegemonic leadership and balance of power

Answer

National self-interest and isolationism

Question 63

Constructivism, within peace and conflict studies, is primarily concerned with:

Accepted Answer

How social interactions shape identity and interests

Answer

Rational state behavior to maximize security

Answer

Economic systems determining political outcomes

Answer

Individual aggression as an inevitable cause of conflict

Question 64

Critical peace theory differs from traditional peace and conflict theories by:

Accepted Answer

Highlighting the impact of power, inequality, and oppression on conflict

Answer

Assuming conflict can be managed rationally through diplomacy

Answer

Emphasizing state sovereignty and national security

Answer

Viewing conflict as an essential aspect of human evolution