EU Institutions: A Comprehensive Guide for Law Students

Question 1

Which institution represents the interests of member states in the EU's decision-making process?

Accepted Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Court of Justice

Question 2

Which EU institution is tasked with proposing and enforcing EU laws?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Court of Justice

Question 3

According to the principle of subsidiarity in the EU, decisions should be made:

Accepted Answer

At the lowest possible level

Answer

By the EU exclusively

Answer

By the most experienced authority

Answer

Always by the European Parliament

Question 4

Which of the following countries is not a member of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

Switzerland

Answer

France

Answer

Germany

Answer

Spain

Question 5

Which treaty marked the formal establishment of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

Treaty of Maastricht

Answer

Treaty of Rome

Answer

Treaty of Nice

Answer

Treaty of Lisbon

Question 6

Which EU institution holds the exclusive power to interpret and enforce EU law?

Accepted Answer

European Court of Justice

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Commission

Question 7

The principle of proportionality in EU law requires that EU measures:

Accepted Answer

Do not exceed what is necessary to achieve their goals

Answer

Are always effective in achieving their goals

Answer

Treat all EU members fairly and equally

Answer

Conform to all other applicable EU laws

Question 8

According to the principle of sincere cooperation in EU law, member states are obligated to:

Accepted Answer

Cooperate in good faith to fulfill the objectives of the EU treaties

Answer

Refrain from interfering with the affairs of other member states

Answer

Uphold the rulings of the European Court of Justice

Answer

Incorporate all EU laws into their domestic legal systems

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the European Parliament?

Accepted Answer

Appointment of the European Commission President

Answer

Legislative power

Answer

Budgetary control

Answer

Ratification of international agreements

Question 10

What is the primary responsibility of the European Commission?

Accepted Answer

Proposing legislation

Answer

Implementing EU laws

Answer

Enforcing EU laws

Answer

Adjudicating disputes between EU Member States

Question 11

What is the primary legislative body of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Council

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Commission

Question 12

Which institution is responsible for representing the interests of member states in EU decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Council

Question 13

Which of the following is the executive body of the EU?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Council

Answer

Council of the European Union

Question 14

Which institution plays a mediating role between the European Parliament and the Council?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Council

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Central Bank

Question 15

What is the principle that governs the decision-making process in the Council?

Accepted Answer

Qualified majority voting

Answer

Majority voting

Answer

Unanimity

Answer

Consensus

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the European Parliament?

Accepted Answer

Judicial

Answer

Legislative

Answer

Supervisory

Answer

Budgetary

Question 17

What is the primary responsibility of the European Parliament?

Accepted Answer

To initiate and adopt legislation

Answer

To represent the interests of member states

Answer

To enforce EU law

Answer

To interpret and apply EU law

Question 18

What was the primary objective of the Single European Act (SEA)?

Accepted Answer

To create a single European market

Answer

To establish the European Union

Answer

To strengthen the role of the European Parliament

Answer

To establish the Economic and Monetary Union

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT considered a potential benefit of EU membership for member states?

Accepted Answer

Diminished national sovereignty

Answer

Access to a larger single market

Answer

Increased economic competitiveness

Answer

Enhanced security cooperation

Question 20

Which institution represents the national governments of EU member states?

Accepted Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Commission

Answer

Court of Justice of the European Union

Question 21

Which body is primarily responsible for proposing new EU laws?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

Court of Justice of the European Union

Question 22

How are members of the European Parliament selected?

Accepted Answer

Elected directly by EU citizens

Answer

Appointed by national governments

Answer

Chosen by the European Commission

Answer

Selected through a random lottery

Question 23

Which of the following is a primary responsibility of the Court of Justice of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

Interpreting and enforcing existing EU laws

Answer

Making new EU laws

Answer

Negotiating international agreements for the EU

Answer

Managing the EU's budget

Question 24

What does the principle of subsidiarity emphasize in EU decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Decisions should be made at the lowest possible level of government

Answer

Decisions should be made at the highest possible level of government

Answer

Decisions should be based solely on economic considerations

Answer

Decisions should be made through direct referendums

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a function of the European Council?

Accepted Answer

Adopting EU legislation

Answer

Providing political direction for the EU

Answer

Negotiating international agreements

Answer

Electing the President of the European Commission

Question 26

The current President of the European Commission is:

Accepted Answer

Ursula von der Leyen

Answer

Jean-Claude Juncker

Answer

David Sassoli

Answer

Charles Michel

Question 27

The primary responsibility of the Council of the European Union is to:

Accepted Answer

Amend or reject proposed legislation

Answer

Propose new legislation

Answer

Enforce EU laws and regulations

Answer

Interpret EU laws and treaties

Question 28

The ordinary legislative procedure in the EU typically involves:

Accepted Answer

Both the European Parliament and the Council

Answer

Only the European Parliament

Answer

Only the Council of the European Union

Answer

The European Commission, the Council, and the European Parliament

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a specific power or function of the European Commission?

Accepted Answer

Interpreting and applying EU treaties

Answer

Proposing new legislation

Answer

Implementing and enforcing EU laws

Answer

Enforcing competition law within the EU

Question 30

The principle of subsidiarity in the EU requires that:

Accepted Answer

The EU should only act when it is necessary and effective to do so

Answer

The EU has exclusive competence in certain areas of policy

Answer

The EU shares competence with member states in certain areas

Answer

The EU must always defer to member states in matters of national sovereignty

Question 31

The main advisory body to the EU institutions is the:

Accepted Answer

European Economic and Social Committee

Answer

Committee of the Regions

Answer

European Central Bank

Answer

Council of Europe

Question 32

Which EU institution holds the primary legislative authority?

Accepted Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Commission

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Council

Question 33

What is the primary function of the Council of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

Represents the interests of member state governments in EU decision-making

Answer

Oversees the implementation of EU policies

Answer

Interprets and enforces EU treaties

Answer

Initiates EU legislation proposals

Question 34

Which EU institution has the exclusive authority to propose new laws and policies?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Court of Justice

Question 35

What is the overarching goal of the European Council?

Accepted Answer

Provides political leadership and strategic direction for the EU

Answer

Negotiates and concludes international agreements

Answer

Enforces EU competition regulations

Answer

Adjudicates disputes between EU member states

Question 36

Which institution brings together representatives from all EU member states for decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Commission

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Court of Justice

Question 37

What is the principle that establishes the supremacy of EU law over national law?

Accepted Answer

Primacy of EU Law

Answer

Good Faith

Answer

Proportionality

Answer

Subsidiarity

Question 38

Which EU institution is responsible for overseeing the implementation and enforcement of EU laws?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Central Bank

Answer

European Court of Justice

Question 39

Which EU institution is responsible for auditing the EU's budget and ensuring financial accountability?

Accepted Answer

European Court of Auditors

Answer

European Ombudsman

Answer

European Investment Bank

Answer

European Central Bank

Question 40

What is the primary responsibility of the European Parliament?

Accepted Answer

To represent the interests of EU citizens through direct election.

Answer

To propose and adopt EU legislation.

Answer

To provide political leadership to the EU.

Question 41

Which EU institution has the exclusive power to initiate new EU laws?

Accepted Answer

European Commission

Answer

Council of the European Union

Answer

European Parliament

Answer

European Council

Question 42

What is the main purpose of the European Council?

Accepted Answer

To provide overall political direction and strategic guidance to the EU.

Answer

To represent the interests of EU member states.

Answer

To negotiate and adopt EU legislation.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle governing the EU's institutional framework?

Accepted Answer

Subordination

Answer

Supremacy

Answer

Autonomy

Question 44

What is the key distinction between the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union?

Accepted Answer

The European Parliament is directly elected by EU citizens, while the Council comprises representatives appointed by EU member states.

Answer

The European Parliament has more legislative power than the Council.

Question 45

Which EU court is tasked with ensuring the uniform interpretation and application of EU law?

Accepted Answer

Court of Justice of the European Union

Answer

International Court of Justice

Answer

European Court of Human Rights

Answer

European Court of Auditors

Question 46

What is the primary function of the European Court of Auditors?

Accepted Answer

To independently audit the EU's financial operations.

Answer

To interpret and enforce EU laws.

Answer

To represent the interests of EU member states.

Answer

To provide legal advice to EU institutions.