Political Development: A Comprehensive Guide for MA Students

Question 1

In modernization theory, which factor is deemed crucial for promoting political development?

Accepted Answer

Extensive industrialization

Answer

Strong religious beliefs

Answer

Rigid social hierarchy

Answer

Limited natural resources

Question 2

Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of a democratic political system?

Accepted Answer

Free and fair elections

Answer

Limited citizen participation

Answer

Concentration of power in the hands of a select few

Answer

Restricted freedom of expression

Question 3

Which factor is widely recognized as a primary driver of political development?

Accepted Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Advancements in technology

Answer

Cultural homogeneity

Answer

Geographic isolation

Question 4

The term 'democratization' primarily refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

Transitioning from autocratic rule to democratic governance

Answer

Strengthening existing democratic institutions

Answer

Extending voting rights to all citizens

Answer

Adopting a new constitution

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a major theoretical framework for analyzing political development?

Accepted Answer

Identity politics theory

Answer

Modernization theory

Answer

Dependency theory

Answer

Neo-Marxist theory

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a recognized factor influencing political development?

Accepted Answer

Geographical location

Answer

Economic development

Answer

Social change

Answer

Democratization

Question 7

The theory of modernization suggests that political development is primarily driven by:

Accepted Answer

Economic growth and industrialization

Answer

Cultural and historical factors

Answer

International cooperation and aid

Answer

Military power and technological advancement

Question 8

Political participation refers to:

Accepted Answer

The ways in which citizens engage in and influence political processes

Answer

The level of trust citizens have in their government

Answer

The degree of government regulation of the economy

Answer

The number of political parties in a country

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a bottom-up approach to political development?

Accepted Answer

Grassroots movements and social activism

Answer

Top-down government policies and reforms

Answer

International aid and assistance programs

Answer

Military coups and revolutions

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a key factor contributing to political development?

Accepted Answer

Technological stagnation

Answer

Economic development

Answer

Social change

Answer

Democratization

Question 11

The process of empowering citizens and expanding their political participation is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Democratization

Answer

Legitimization

Answer

Political socialization

Answer

Institutionalization

Question 12

The concept of political legitimacy primarily refers to:

Accepted Answer

The belief that a government's authority is legitimate

Answer

The level of public support for a particular political system

Answer

The extent of citizen involvement in the political process

Answer

The efficiency and effectiveness of a government

Question 13

The process by which political values and norms are passed down from one generation to the next is known as:

Accepted Answer

Political socialization

Answer

Political indoctrination

Answer

Political education

Answer

Political propaganda

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to political stability?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ethnic diversity

Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Political legitimacy

Answer

A strong and vibrant civil society

Question 15

The transition from an authoritarian regime to a democratic political system is known as:

Accepted Answer

Democratization

Answer

Political liberalization

Answer

Political transformation

Answer

Political modernization

Question 16

The concept of 'political culture' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The shared beliefs, values, and norms about politics within a society

Answer

The formal institutions and structures of government

Answer

The political behaviors and actions of individuals and groups

Answer

The distribution of political power and resources

Question 17

The theory of 'modernization' suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Economic development is a prerequisite for political stability and democracy

Answer

Cultural values play a dominant role in shaping political outcomes

Answer

Political change is primarily driven by internal dynamics within a society

Answer

External influences have no significant impact on political development

Question 18

The political system of the United Kingdom is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy

Answer

Strong presidential leadership and a two-party system

Answer

Single-party dominance and limited political participation

Answer

Direct democracy and frequent referendums

Question 19

Which theory suggests that economic advancements lead to political development?

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory

Answer

Marxist theory

Answer

Dependency theory

Question 20

Which of the following is a primary factor in driving political transformation in developing countries?

Accepted Answer

Economic development

Answer

Cultural diversity

Answer

Geographic isolation

Question 21

Democratization involves:

Accepted Answer

Expanding political participation

Answer

Centralizing power in authoritarian regimes

Answer

Reducing civil liberties

Question 22

According to modernization theory, economic development:

Accepted Answer

Promotes political stability and democratic institutions

Answer

Hinders democratic development

Answer

Has no significant impact on political evolution

Question 23

The idea that political development should be shaped primarily by internal factors is known as:

Accepted Answer

Endogenous development

Answer

Exogenous development

Answer

Globalized development

Question 24

According to political economy, which factor is a primary determinant of political outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Distribution of wealth and resources

Answer

Educational attainment of citizens

Answer

Geographic location

Question 25

The process of transitioning from a traditional to a modern political system is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Political modernization

Answer

Political transformation

Answer

Political revolution

Question 26

The concept of political development implies:

Accepted Answer

Progressive improvement in political institutions and processes

Answer

Weakening of the state's authority

Answer

Increase in political conflicts

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a key factor contributing to political development?

Accepted Answer

Geographical location

Answer

Social change

Answer

Democratization

Question 28

The process of societal transformation from traditional structures to modern industrial systems is known as:

Accepted Answer

Modernization

Answer

Westernization

Answer

Industrialization

Answer

Globalization

Question 29

The nature of political development is:

Accepted Answer

Non-linear and prone to setbacks

Answer

Linear and predictable

Answer

Solely dependent on economic growth

Answer

Irrelevant to developed nations

Question 30

Which factor is widely recognized as pivotal in driving political development?

Accepted Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Technological advancement

Answer

Environmental sustainability

Question 31

Democratization primarily entails:

Accepted Answer

Establishing representative political systems

Answer

Promoting economic growth

Answer

Reducing social inequality

Answer

Preserving traditional values

Question 32

The concept of 'political culture' encompasses:

Accepted Answer

Shared values and beliefs regarding politics

Answer

Formal political institutions

Answer

Electoral processes

Answer

Political parties

Question 33

Which of the following is considered a key indicator of political development? Expanding political participation signifies increased engagement of citizens in political processes, enabling them to influence decision-making and shaping the political system.

Accepted Answer

Expanding political participation

Answer

Social equality

Answer

Technological advancement

Answer

Economic growth

Question 34

Which theory of political development emphasizes the role of external factors, such as international influences or economic dependencies, in shaping political change?

Accepted Answer

Dependency Theory

Answer

Bottom-Up Theory

Answer

Modernization Theory

Answer

Rostow's Stages of Growth Theory

Question 35

Which of the following is a significant challenge to political development in developing countries? Corruption undermines political processes, hinders economic growth, and erodes public trust in political institutions.

Accepted Answer

Corruption

Answer

High literacy rates

Answer

Lack of infrastructure

Answer

Rapid urbanization

Question 36

Which concept refers to the dynamic process by which political systems transform from traditional structures to modern, more complex, and differentiated systems?

Accepted Answer

Political modernization

Answer

Political decay

Answer

Political consolidation

Answer

Political revolution

Question 37

Which type of political system is characterized by limited political participation, concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler or a small group, and suppression of dissent?

Accepted Answer

Autocracy

Answer

Oligarchy

Answer

Democracy

Answer

Plutocracy

Question 38

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of democratic governance? The rule of law ensures the impartial application of laws and the protection of individual rights.

Accepted Answer

Rule of law

Answer

Authoritarianism

Answer

Censorship

Answer

Oligarchy

Question 39

Which concept refers to the gradual erosion of political rights and freedoms, often accompanied by the concentration of power and suppression of opposition?

Accepted Answer

Political decay

Answer

Political revolution

Answer

Political stagnation

Answer

Political development

Question 40

Which index combines various indicators, such as life expectancy, education, and income, to measure a country's level of human development and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Human Development Index

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Literacy rate

Answer

Gross Domestic Product

Question 41

Which theory of political development argues that political change is primarily driven by internal factors within a society, such as social movements, economic transformations, and cultural shifts?

Accepted Answer

Bottom-Up Theory

Answer

Elite Theory

Answer

Modernization Theory

Answer

Dependency Theory